初期鉄器時代におけるアテネとアッティカ

抄録

The aim of this paper is offer a substantive image of Attic society in the Early Iron Age through a discussion of the available archaeological evidence. In the first section, the author defines her research theme, then in the second discusses the recent research on the Early Iron Age in Greece. From section three, she begins her examination of Athens and Attica. First, she considers the transitional period from the Bronze to the Early Iron Age, focussing on Athens, then on Attica. Regarding Attica, there are six excavation sites to explore in detail : namely, Elefsina (Eleusis), the cemetery of Nea Ionia, the sanctuary of Imittos (Hymettos), Vravrona (Brauron), Thorikos, and Perati. Next, she turns to later part of the Early Iron Age, discussing the so-called tomb cult on the Bronze Age tombs. From here investigation she concludes that the early part of the Early Iron Age (from the Sub-Mycenaean period to the first half of the Protogeometric period) was marked by Athens as a large thriving settlement and Attica as extremely under-populated ; however, from the mid-Protogeometric period, on several settlements developed gradually in Attica. From the related four excavation sites, there is evidence of the tomb cult ("ancestor" cult), which has been identified as late eighth or early seventh century BC. She is of the opinion that the tomb cult existed to claim ownership land in the settlements and practice local autochthony. She also suggests that in the background of the Attic tomb cult lay significant social and political changes, such as the founding of new settlements and the growth of Athen's power on the strength of its colonization of Attica.