文化指標研究と涵養効果分析 : そのアイデア・発展・現状と評価

抄録

This paper is an overview on the studies of Cultural Indicators Project and cultivation analysis both of which were at first advocated by George Gerbner at the University of Pennsylvania in the U. S. This overview traces the developmental process of these studies from the beginning to the latest issues dealt by these studies deal with. So far there have been several papers which refer to these studies as a part of their papers in Japan, but there has not been a single paper which overviews these studies. In the present paper the author has tried a balanced overview of these studies which are explained as closely related studies. While other papers tend to think that cultivation is one of the cognitive effect models and to consider cultivation analysis as a method of investigating cognitive effects of television, this paper puts an emphasis on its aspects of seeking a culutral or story telling function of television in collaboration with Cultural Indicators ptoject. In the autor's view, Cultural Indicators project and cultivation analysis have gdnerally proved that television has a strong function of homogenizing people's beliefs and values by its recurrent message features, and thus contributing to maintain status quo, but this has a discouraging effect both on the people who try to protest the content of television and on the people who want to seek the potentiality of television. Does not television function as a changing or creative agent? The author believes that one of the main future tasks of these studites is to trace the changes in the content of television as Cultural Indicators project originally aimed and to evaluate their effects on people's beliefs, values, or behaviors. In order to trace the changes in the television content, Cultural Indicators database which has been accumulated in the past two dacades at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania could be put to use. The author guesses that some changes could be found in, the images or portrait of families or sex role of male and female people, for example