抄録
This study investigated how two practice structures — Comparative Practice (CP) and Blocked Practice (BP) — affect short-term performance and biomechanical changes in volleyball serving among collegiate athletes. Twenty-two players were divided into a BP group (n=10) and a CP group (n=12). Both groups completed four practice sessions, with performance assessed at two points (pre- and post-intervention) using serve accuracy to a target zone alongside selected biomechanical measures. The results revealed a significant group-by-time interaction. Only the CP group showed a meaningful improvement in serve success rate (p <. 001, η2p=.43), while the BP group showed no significant change over the same period. Biomechanical changes that aligned with each participant’s intended movement adjustments were observed in 75% of CP participants, compared with just 20% in the BP group (p <. 05, φ=.55). Individual CP cases further illustrated large effect sizes in trunk motion changes — for example, one participant yielded a Cohen’s d of 1.96. Taken together, these findings suggest that CP may promote both performance gains and meaningful movement adaptation over a short training period. While self-regulatory processes were not directly measured, participants’ reflective comments hinted at possible connections to self-monitoring and strategic thinking during practice. Future research employing direct measures of self-regulation would help clarify the mechanisms underlying these effects.
