The author has made efforts to establish risk communication in the nuclear power industry since the JCO criticality accident which happened in 1999 and was the first case in Japan that residents had to evacuate. Some people who are in the nuclear power industry and national and local government understood the importance and the usefulness of risk communication both for local residents and their own business. Others, however, thought it troublesome, costly, and useless for their organization and nuclear safety. I think, unfortunately, several experiences after the Fukushima accident force them to hesitate at communicating risks with the public more and more. I will discuss why and how risk communication of nuclear technology is difficult, and what activities people begin to treat health and environmental risks of radioactive substances