2010 年 29 巻 p. 31-49
Current higher level classification of eukaryotes are reviewed. In the past 15 years, modern morphological and biochemical approaches, and molecular phylogenetic studies have led to extensive modification of traditional classification schemes for eukaryotes. The most dramatic changes have occurred within protists, from which multicellular organisms evolved. There has to be a shift away from the emphasis on authorships and ranks toward Glade name stability. The new classification with "super-groups" of eukaryotes of ISOP (the International Society of Protistologists) 2005 version which reflects the knowledge of protist evolution, has reintroduced some formality with group names and their authority, and provides a point of reference for protist systematics. In addition to this classification and classical kingdom concept, some new concepts (i.e. "megagroup") are introduced.