Evaluation of Chewing Movement in Skeletal Class III Patients with Orthognathic Treatment

Abstract

The objective of this study was to clarify the influence of improvement in morphology on chewing movement in patients with skeletal reversed occlusion following orthognathic treatment. A total of 10 patients with skeletal class III reversed occlusion undergoing orthognathic treatment were included in the study. A number of parameters, including chewing rhythm, maximum opening and closing velocities, and opening distance during chewing of gum, were measured in a pre- (Pre) and post-treatment (Post) group. The laterality and stability of the measured items were then compared between the two groups and with those in another group of subjects with normal occlusion (Control). Laterality of chewing movement was greater in the Pre group than in the Control group, and significant differences were noted in all parameters, apart from closing Vmax and opening distance. No significant difference was noted in any parameter between the Post and Control groups. The coefficient of variation was significantly higher in the Pre group than in the Control group, apart from for opening phase. All parameters showed a significant decrease in the Post group compared with in the Pre group, yielding a stable chewing movement. Comparison of the Post and Control groups revealed no significant difference in any of the parameters, apart from in the occluding phase. These findings suggest that orthognathic treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion improves chewing movement to levels close to those in subjects with normal occlusion.