Effect of the Degree of Nozzle Opening and Deformation on the Jet Condition.
Study of the hydrodynamics of molten steel at tapping or teeming-II
1959 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 404-409
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1959 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 404-409
From the previous research (Tetsu-to-HaganHagané, vol. 44, No. 2, 1958, p 122) it was learned that nozzles tappered at the entrance and with a short parallel straight part at the outlet had good flowing characteristics when they were fully opened. In this research the characteristics of these specially designed nozzles at the small opening by a stopper and some other flowing properties of nozzles were studieb. The results obtained were as follows.
(1) A nozzle tappered at the entrance and a short parallel linear part at the outlet had almost the same flow characteristics as a normal long nozzle, when the nozzle was a little opened by a stopper.
(2) Violent turbulent flow caused by erosion or deformation of nozzles were seen in two cases, when the nozzle-diameter had been increased at the outlet by erosion, and when the nozzle-diameter had been decreasd at the entrance by deformation which was thought to occur sometimes from the shock of closing the stopper.
(3) When the jet from the nozzle hit the liquid in the mold, the depth to which the jet penetrated the liquid was mainly affected by the nozzle diameter and slightly influenced by the head from the fluid surface to the inlet of the nozzle and by the distance from the outlet of the uozzle to the liquid surface in the mold.
(4) Refractory-nozzles whose surface-friction was higher were thought to have slightly worse flowing propertis than glass-nozzles. The influence of the length of a refractory-nozzle upon the speed of the jet was smaller than that of a glass-nozzle, when the head from the inlet of a nozzle to the liquid-surface was the same.
