セレンとモリブデンの生理機能と適切な摂取量の範囲(<特集>日本食品標準成分表(2010)に新たに収載されたビタミン・ミネラルの活用と課題)

抄録

The physiological functions of selenium and molybdenum and the range of their adequate intake have been described. Dietary selenium is incorporated to selenocysteine residues in selenoprotein via a unique metabolic process and manifests several physiological functions. Twenty-five species of selenoproteins including glutathione peroxidase family have been identified by genome analysis in humans. The range of adequate intake of selenium is estimated to be 50 to 250 μg/day. Since most Japanese people take selenium at about 100 μg/day mainly from fishes and shells, meats and eggs and wheat products, they should not take additional selenium in a supplement form. Molybdenum exists in three molybdoenzymes and functions as a cofactor for the enzymes. Since a congenital deficiency of molybdoenzymes is fatal, molybdenum is assumed to be an essential trace element. The range of adequate intake of molybdenum is estimated to be 25 to 1000 μg/day. Most Japanese people take molybdenum at the amount of 150 to 350 μg/day mainly from cereals and beans. It is possible to calculate the daily intake amounts of selenium and molybdenum from daily menu using the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2010 because the calculated values were close to the chemically analyzed values.