Within the past decade, more than 30 peptides have been identified in the central nervous system (CNS). Of all these peptides, substance P (SP) is one of the best characterized neuropeptides in the mammalian tissues. In addition to SP, two novel tachykinin peptides have recently been identified in the mammalian CNS, namely neurokinin A and neurokinin B. This review will describe our present knowledge on the distribution of tachykinins, its pharmacological properties, especially tachykinins peptide receptors and cardiovascular effects in the CNS.