芳香族ニトロ化合物のヒドラジンによる還元

抄録

Hydrazine is a strong reducing agent but is comparatively rarely used for the reduction of nitro compounds. Reduction of nitrobenzene with hydrazine hydrate, in the presence of a metal, such as copper, iron, zinc, or aluminum, was carried out. It was found that zinc and aluminum do not show almost any catalytic activity while nitrobenzene was reduced in good yield to aniline in the presence of copper or iron powder. Application of this hydrazine reduction to o-, m-, and p-nitrotoluene, o-, m-, and p-nitrophenol, and m- nitrobenzoic acid showed these were all reduced to the corresponding amines. Polynitro compounds, such as dinitrobenzene, 2, 4-dinitrotoluene, 2, 4-dinitrophenol, and picric acid, were all partially reduced with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol solvent and respectively formed nitraniline, 2-nitro-4-aminotoluene, 4-nitro-2-aminophenol, and picramic acid.