サントニン含有Artemisia属植物の研究特にその栽培について (第10報)

クラムヨモギについて その10

抄録

1) In cultivation of the second-year growth of Artemisia kurramensis QAZ. by transplanting in the spring, those sown in the autumn should be planted more closely (around 80×15cm.) than those sown in the spring. By this means, yield of crop from autumn sowing becomes comparable to those sown in the spring (Table I). It has been confirmed by past studies that there is no essential difference between the spring and autumn sowing in the period at which the santonin content reaches the maximum (Tables I and TV, and IV in Part IX.
2) It seems more advantageous to transplant the first-year growth in the field with the distance of 60-66cm. between rows and 15cm. between stocks, and to harvest the plants during the middle of August to early part of September, i.e. 0.5 to 1 month after the santonin content reaches the maximum (Table II).
3) It is possible to cultivate the first-year growth of Artemisia kurramensis between rows of barley, before or after its harvest, and this was found to give medium yield of crop (Table IX).
4) In the cultivation of second-year growth by transplantation in the autumn, higher rate of living after the winter is obtained the earlier the transplantation in the field, and yield of crop was larger (Tables III and IV). The period of transplantation does not affect santonin content but significantly affects the yield of crop. This indicates that the transplantation should be made during November at the latest (Tables V to VIII).
5) Following conclusions were drawn as a result of cultivation tests carried out during the nine years from 1050 to 1958:
(a) In general, santonin content of Artemisia kurramensis reaches the maximum at the same period (during July, especially from middle to the end of July) in the same year, irrespectively of the age of plants, although a slight retardation (ca 1.5 weeks) may sometimes occur due to the presence or absence of, or period of, transplantation in the field during the spring.
(b) The period at which the yield of crop (especially the air-dried useful crop) reaches the maximum generally differs according to age of plants and the manner of cultivation. In first-year growth, this reaches the maximum 1 to 1.5 months after the santonin-content reaches the maximum, i.e. during the early to middle part of September. On the other hand, that of the second-year growth reaches the maximum 0.5 to 1 month after the santonin-content reaches the maximum, i.e. during the early to middle part of August in the plants transplanted in the field during the autumn, and during the middle to late part of August in those transplanted in the field during the spring.
(c) In general, the period at which the yield of santonin per unit area reaches the maximum does not necessarily agree with the period at which santonin content of the individual reaches the maximum, and the period also differs according to age of plants. In the first-year growth, this is affected by the amount of air-dried useful crop and reaches the maximum 1 to 1.5 months after the santonin content reaches the maximum, during the early to middle part of September. In the second-year growth, this is related to the santonin content of individual plants, irrespective of the manner of cultivation. This period either agrees entirely with that of the highest content of santonin or is only about 1.5 weeks later, reaching the maximum during the middle of July to the early part of August.