倉橋惣三と人形劇 : 幼稚園教育へ導入の動機と目的に関する一考察

抄録

The present study will examine Souzou Kurahashi's (1882-1955) motives and intentions in introducing puppet shows into Japanese kindergarten education for the first time. The research also examines the motives and intentions of puppet show introduction from the standpoint of "shinhoiku" reforms of kindergarten education by Kurahashi that were based on new perspectives not found in traditional research. The research shows that puppets had been a part of Kurahashi's environment since his very earliest days. And the motive for the introducing these shows into kindergarten was to take the puppet shows he liked and to transform them into a pattern that would be suitable for children of kindergarten age. As principal of the kindergarten attached to Tokyo Women's Advanced Teacher-Training School and as an overseas as a researcher Kurahashi went to Europe and America to study the reforms for new kindergarten education there. While there, he made an active effort to study puppet shows as much as he could. He wanted to introduce puppets into kindergarten education and one of the purposes of his overseas studies was to find shows that were suitable for kindergarten-age children. During his time abroad the puppet show he thought most suitable for introduction to kindergartens is that known as guignol. Kurahashi brought the easy-to-prepare guignol back with him in his attempt to spread the use of this puppet theater to every school in Japan. Having child-care workers present guignol puppet shows was something totally new for kindergarten education of the time. The shinkyoiku educational reforms that Kurahashi was involved with, such as the introduction of puppet shows, were very important to Japanese kindergarten education.