メタノールよリホルムアルデヒドの製造に関する研究 (第1報)

ホルムアルデヒド製造における反応条件 (空気-メタノール混合比, 反応温度, 空間速度) に関する研究

抄録

In the manufacturing of formaldehyde from methanol, there are so-called an oxidation method of using air in excess and so-called a dehydrogenation method of using insufficient air. In the manufacturing of formaldehde by the latter method of using methanol in excess in the presence of a single metal catalyst, the author has investigated on the reaction conditions, the method of suppressing the side reaction, the catalyst, and the diameter of reaction furnace, etc.in order to study a possibility of using a single reaction furnace of large size without mixing of water in methanol.This first report deals with the reaction conditions.The result indicated that a standard ratio of air/CH₃OH should be taken the value of 0.834 l air/g CH₃OH from equilibrium theory and its optimum value was found to be 0.80-0.95 l/g CH₃OH from the experimental result. Nearly 100% of reaction rate was obtained with the reaction temperature at 700°C and the standard ratio of 0.834 l air/g CH₃OH, but the optimnin temperature of reaction was indicated to be in the range of 580-680°C as there was the problem of side reaction.Also, a caution was necessary for side reaction, especially the formation of carbon monoxide, by noting the temperature of gas after passing through the catalyst layer as well as the temperature of catalyst layer.The space velocity up to the maximum of 80×10⁴ has been experimented.It was indicated that the space velocity had not much influence on the rate of reaction of methanol and the formation of carbon dioxide, but there was a remarkable effect on the formation of carbon monoxide and it was increased with an increase of space velocity.Also, the formation of carbon monoxide was increased by increasing the rate of gaseous flow in spite of the space velocity was kept constant.