金属クラスターを用いる合成化学反応

抄録

Recent developments concerning homogeneous catalysts stimulate new interest in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. In particular, metal cluster as homogeneous catalysts offer not only better and more selective catalyst for the synthetic reactions, but also useful models in the study of chemisorption and heterogeneous catalysis. Metal cluster compounds contain three or more metals bonded to each other forming triangular, tetrahedral, octahedral and other polyhedral molecular structures. Application of metal clusters as catalyst is especially welcome in these days when the chemical industry should seek ways to conserve energy and resources.
In this context, the following synthetic reactions by means of metal clusters are introduced in this review : hydrocarbons and alcohols from synthetic gas, oxidation reaction, dehydrogenation and isomerization, hydrogenation (especially by Ni-isonitrile cluster), dimerization, hydroformylation, carbonylation, Reppe reaction, water gas shift reaction, anchored metal cluster catalysis, peculiar cluster compounds and the ligand mobility within clusters.