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Tuyosi SUGIMOTO, Yukio SHIMONO, Yasunobu HATA, Atsuo NAKAI, Masakazu Y ...
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
113-121
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Larvae of an agromyzid leaf-mining fly, Phytomyza ranunculi SCHRANK, are patchily distributed among leaflets of the host plant. This study was carried out to clarify what cue their parasitoid, Dapsilarthra rufiventris (NEES), employs in locating host-present leaflets (patch location). 1) The searching behaviour of parasitoids was apparently activated by leaf odour. 2) They more often visited damaged leaflets by recognising, probably by sight, white and linear mines produced by hosts in the leaflets. 3) They also appeared to employ as a patch-location cue the sound emitted when hosts et the tissue eithin the leaflet. This speculation was supported by the fact that host-removed leaflets with playback of the sound recorded on tape attracted parasitoids. In this paper we argue that the employment by D. rufiventris females of the acoustical cue, probably heard from a short distance, as well as visual cues may serve in their exploitation of the larval population of P. ranunculi.
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Yoji TAKADA, Toshiki HIROYOSHI, Masachika HIRANO
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
122-126
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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The genetic control of resistance to permethrin was investigated in the Miyakonojo colony of the housefly. Factors conferring the permethrin resistance were found on autosomes 2, 3 and 5. Some interactions of chromosomes (i.e. 1×2×3, 1×3×5, 1×2 and 3×5) were found. We also evaluated the synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase system (MFO), to permethrin. The synergistic activity of piperonyl butoxide was slightly higher in Miyakonojo colony than in susceptible CSMA strain.
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Kikuo IWABUCHI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
127-134
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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A wind tunnel experiment showed that mated females of the grape borer (Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus BATES) were attracted to virgin or mated males to the same extent as to virgin females. This suggested that both sexes would mate repeatedly. The mating did not increase the female's fecundity nor extend her longevity, and remating did not increase her fertility nor affect the total oviposition period. These facts suggest that the development of the multiple mating in females and that of the male sex pheromone-mediated mating system cannot be explained in terms of the above benefits to the female and investment from the male.
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Tuyosi SUGIMOTO, Hiromu KAMEOKA, Suguru KUSATANI, Osamu INUI, Keiji OT ...
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
135-143
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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By the Y-tube olfactometer test female adults of Dapsilarthra rufiventris, a larval parasitoid of a leaf-mining fly, Phytomyza ranunculi, were found to be attracted like female flies by odour of the fly's host plant, Ranunculus glaber. We studied the constituents of odour by a bioassay and an instrumental analysis of chemical extracts obtained by steam distillation and methanol-dipping of plants. Females of both fly and parasitoid were attracted to ether-soluble components excluding hydrocarbon, i.e., protoanemonin, anemonin and/or fatty acids, of steam volatile oil and extracts of methanol dipping in the plant.
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Yoji TAKADA, Masachika HIRANO, Toshiki HIROYOSHI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
144-149
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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We investigated the contribution of the recessive factor on the third chromosome to the pyrethroid-resistance in 228
e2b strain and in Miyakonojo colony of houseflies using "Bx
2" gene. In the 228
e2b strain, the resistance to permethrin and fenvalerate is associated with the recessive factor on the third chromosome. The contribution of the recessive factor on the third chromosome in the Miyakonojo colony, however, was undetectable. Furthermore, the resistance factor on the third chromosome in the 228
e2b strain influenced not only the mortality but also the knockdown time. The genetic method used in this study is considered very simple and useful to learn the importance of the recessive resistance factor on the third chromosome.
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Fujio KADONO
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
150-155
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Phaulacus acutilobus, P. obtusilobus and Coptophylla matsudoensis are described as new species from chestnut trees in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. No noticeable damage caused by three mites to the host plants has been observed.
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Toshiaki SHIMIZU, Shigemi YAGI, Katsuhisa KURAMOCHI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
156-160
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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The hormonal regulation of spermiogenesis of the common armyworm, Leucania separata, was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Elongated spermatocysts were observed on the 3rd day after the last larval ecdysis. Spermatocysts from larvae that have been ligatured between the thorax and abdomen on day 0 showed elongated spermatocysts 4 days after ligature. When testes were removed from day 2 larvae and cultured for 1 day in vitro, elongated spermatocysts were observed; the critical period for their appearance was day 2 stage. These results indicated that spermiogenesis in this species was induced without any stimulating factors such as brain hormone or ecdysone from the head or thorax. Spermiogenesis suppressed by azadirachtin is also discussed.
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Hiroaki FUJIMOTO, Akio TAKAFUJI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
161-166
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Critical daylength for diapause induction was studied in five diapausing populations of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (MCGREGOR) from intermediate latitudes in Japan, and the effect of oviposition site was also examined on egg deposition by females reared under short-days. In all populations, females laid only non-diapausing eggs when they were reared at 20°C : 14L-10D and/or 16L-8D throughout their immature stages, whereas only diapausing eggs at 20°C : 12L-12D and/or 11L-13D. Under 13L-11D, the females laid eggs of both types. Under a daylength shourter than 13 hr, oviposition was severely curtailed on pear leaf discs and many females did not lay any eggs. These non-ovipositing females were shown to be diapause-induced, because they developed mature ova in their ovaries and oviposited normally diapausing eggs on a pear twing with a leaf. The combined results showed that the critical daylength for all 5 populations was about 13 hr.
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Jun INOUCHI, Tatsuaki SHIBUYA, Tsuneo HATANAKA
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
167-174
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Single antennal olfactory cells of the Japanese dung beetle, Geotrupes auratus, which releases food searching behavior in response to cow dung odor, responded well to dung odor and five components of dung specific odorant, namely-2-butanone, phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole. The impulses were 2-20 mV in height and there were 10-20 impulses per one stimulus of about 3 sec duration. Sensillum cells were classified into two groups based on the type of response to odor components. One was the R-Type I which responded only to 2-butanone ("specialist"), and the other group, the R-Type II, showed responses not only to 2-butanone but also to the other four component odors ("generalist"). Both R-Type I and II cells increased in impulse frequency or number with increase of the concentration of each odorant. It seems that the dung beetles orient toward food through the R-Type I olfactory sensillum cells responding only to 2-butanone which is the most volatile among the components, and that R-Type II cells may contribute to the behavioral Function after arrival at the food.
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Arthur H. MCINTOSH, Carlo M. IGNOFFO
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
175-180
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Proteinase K and extracts of virus-diseased larvae (LX) significantly reduced the in vitro viral titers of the nonoccluded virus (NOV) of the single-enveloped nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis zea (HzSNPV). Similar treatment of alkali-liberated occuluded virions (LOVAL) increased the viral titer by as much as 2.5 logs. Alkali dissolution of heat treated polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) of HzSNPV with sodium carbonate consistently resulted in high titers ranging from 10
5.3 to 10
6.9 TCID
50/ml.
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Sumio NAGASAWA, Katsumi YAMADA
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
181-185
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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The emergence curves of a generation of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L., breeding on the azuki bean, garden pea, and soybean were adequately described by the asymptotic regression Y=a'+b(r
x)=a'+bz
1 with 0 <r<1 and r
x=z
1, where y'=the cumulative number of emergence, y=log
e y', x'=time (day) after oviposition, x=coded x' in the sequence 0, 1, 2...(k-1), a'=asymptote of the expression, and b and r are constants. The asymptotic regression equations estimated for the respective data were Y=6.540-5.9963×(0.5657
x), Y=6.164-5.3778(0.6576
x), and Y=4.506-4.9977(0.8870
x). This form of asymptotic regression would be of use as a mathematical model to describe the emergence curve of storage pests.
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Kyoko IWANAGA, Tozo KANDA
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
186-193
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Twenty four or 48 hr immersion of Anopheles balabacensis in S-31183 (2-[1-methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy]pyridine) caused higher lethal effect, mostly interfering with pupation, as the age of the last instar larvae at the time of treatment increased. The immersion of newly pupated animals also brought rather high mortality. Even immersion in 0.001 ppb of S-31183 of the larvae shortly before pupation greatly retarded the pupation development, and immersion in 0.04 ppb for 48 hr killed half of the treated animals. Further, it was found that the adult mosquitoes, which survived 48 hr of immersion in 0.005 ppb of S-31183 during their last larval instar, showed considerabel reduction in sperm and egg production, and also in blood feeding and copulating activity.
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Yukio ISHIKAWA, Kenji SAITO, Yoshiharu MATSUMOTO
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
194-196
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Katsumi KOGA, Kotomi NISHIJIMA, Si Kab NHO, Bungo SAKAGUCHI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
196-198
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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Ei'ichi SHIBATA, Toshio HIGUCHI
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
199-201
Published: May 25, 1988
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Katsuhiro TABATA, Tetsuo SAITO
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
202-205
Published: May 25, 1988
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Joji AOKI, Masakazu SHIGA
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
206-208
Published: May 25, 1988
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Tuyosi SUGIMOTO, Toshihide ICHIKAWA, Makoto MITOMI, Yasuyuki SAKURATAN ...
1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages
209-211
Published: May 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
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