地球科学

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Up to date the geology and palaeontology of the Okushiri Island off Hokkaido has been studied by some investigators. The writers carried out the geological review and the study of the Tertiary marine diatoms collected from the southern area of this island. The conclusions are as follows: (1) In the geological survey the upper part of the Senjo Formation consisting of siltstone and the Muejitna Formation called by (SUZUKI and SONOKI, 1936) seem to be synchronous and heterofacies to each other. Then these facies were newly unified by one of the writers, Hata, as the Yoneoka Formation. (2) The two samples from the Yoneoka Formation is clearly distinguished by dominant and characteristic diatom species, Coscinodiscus marginatus, Denticula kamtschatica and the genus Thalassiosira (T. antiqua, T. decipiens, T. nidulus, T. oestrupi and T. zabelinae). No combination of species composition of four categories (21 diatom taxa in a random count of 200 marine planktonic species) used by KOIZUMI (1968) for recognition of the diatom zones in Tertiary sediments on the Oga Peninsula, Akita Prefecture, Northeast, Japan, occurs in this formation. The Yoneoka samples may be correlated with the assemblage of the Maido Formation (upper Miocene) of the Ajigasawa district, Aomori Prefecture, Northeast Japan, studied by Koizumi, (1966) corresponding to the Kitaura Formation of the Oga Peninsula. (3) The Tsurikake Formation are characterized with the six extinct species, Denticula nicobarica, Cosmiodiscus intersectus, Synedra jouseana, Thalassiosira cfr. kisselevii, T. usatschevii and Stephanopyxis lineata. This formation is assumed to be represent the lower part of the middle Miocene of this area, according to the palaeontological evidences of the molluscan fauna and the planktonic foraminifers of the Nishikurosawa's type (Gobigerina praebulloides, G. scitula and Sphaeri dinellopsis subdehiscens). (4) The ranges of following species, Denticula kamtschatica, Cosmiodiscus intersectus, Synedra jouseana, Thalassiosira usatschevii and T. zaberinae, reported byJoust (1962) to be restricted to the Pliocene are found to extend into the Miocene in this area, though already their ranges was reported by KOIZUMI (1966) in the Northeast Japan and SHESHUKOVA-PORETZKAYA (1967) in Sakhalin and Kamtshatka of the Far East. The predominant species, Denticula nicobarica, of the Tsurikake Formation also was reported by SIMONSEN and KANAYA (1961) to occur in the uppermost Miocene in California, U.S.A.

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ステレオネットの上に投影されたいくつかのポールが,いわゆるクラスター(cluster)状に分布している時,我々はそれらの平均方位を必要とする場合がある.与えられたポールの方位を球の中心からポールに向かう単位ベクトルで表わす時,平均方位はいくつかの単位ベクトルを合成して得られる合成ベクトルの方位で示すことが出来る.この合成ベクトルの方位を示す単位ベクトルを平均ベクトルと定義する.ステレオネットを使って平均ベクトルを求める簡単な作図法を紹介する.また,作図の手間は描かれる大円の数に依存しているので,与えられたポールの数と大円の数の最小値との関係についてもふれる.

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