The Makinohara Upland, central west Shizuoka Prefecture, central Japan, faces the Suruga Trough, which is formed by the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasia Plate. The Upper Pleistocene of the Makinohara Upland consists of incised valley fills, which comprises a depositional sequence. Compositional trends of the sands from the Makinohara Upland area (Makinohara sands) are plotted in the Lt-rich field, within the lithic recycled-transitional field of Dickinson and Seely (1979) and Dickinson et al. (1983). The sands of the Makinohara Upland area and Kanto area show mineralogically immature trend than those of the U.S.A. (continental area). The Makinohara sands are deposited in fluvial environments during lowstand and highstand periods, and respectively have different plots on Qm-Fl-Lt and Ma (grain-size) versus Qm/(Qm+Lt) diagrams. The sands of the LST mostly have high Qm/(Qm+Lt) ratios (well matured), and those of the HST have low Qm/(Qm+Lt) ratio (poorly matured). The sands of tsunami deposits, which were deposited in a barrier sand body and a drowned valley environment of Makinohara Upper Pleistocene, are plotted in different fields on the diagrams of Ma versus Qm/(Qm+Lt). Those deposited in the drowned valley contain more monocrystalline quartz; those deposited in the barrier sand body contain more lithic fragments. The drowned-valley tsunamiite is plotted in a similar field to the drowned valley deposits. The tsunamiite in the barrier sand body is plotted in a similar field to the barrier sands and beach-shoreface sands. Relationships of grain-size characteristics and Qm/(Qm+Lt) plot do not show any clear correlation.
View full abstract