The debate between “steady developments” versus “cataclysm concept” came into effect at the birth of modern scientific geology in the 18th century. Later, the ‘Orogeny Theory’ which states changes from gentle subsidence to heavy orogenic mountain building had been of great interest in the field of geology until the modern and recent revolutionary development of the geotectonic sciences. Sudden cataclysm and catastrophic movements are self-organizing affairs, in order to solve the stress of some “contradiction” which had gradually accumulated in nature. Seismic activity is a typical and well-known example of this mechanism.

However, there is a problem among the current seismological statements. The “elastic rebound theory” which explains faulting which happens through the “potential limiting of stress and strain accumulation”, has been adapted (applied) generally as an earthquake occurrence mechanism. On the other hand, seismologists generally warn of the probability of earthquake occurrence in a specific period in the future, based on the application of the theory of mathematical probability. These two applications contradict each other because there is no possibility of an earthquake occurrence before the over-accumulation of stress and strain has occurred. Discussion of the probability on a non-possibility affair is nonsense.

A new concept, namely “Choke Affair of Seismic Activity”, (“choke of seismic ground movement”), should be presented (proposed). It can commonly happen around a seismically active area that the occurrence of minor earthquakes respite and ground sift movement stops. This stable (or pseudo-stable) state can continue for a few months or even a few years. This phenomena should be paid particular attention because a large earthquake commonly occurs soon after the break of this long “pseudo-stable” state, though the large earthquake is preceded occasionally by one (or two) smaller earthquakes which sign beginning of the breakage. These sequential phenomena well-indicate the combined effects of non-elastic elements of the material property, namely plasticity, brittleness, viscosity and so on, of the crust ground around the related districts. The long occurrence of the “pseudo-stable” state can be interpreted as “choke affair” of the stress energy in the related ground and crust.

A thin shell-concentrated bed containing abundant apatite-bearing calcitic nodules is exposed at the Ohkuchizawa quarry in Azumino City, Nagano Prefecture. The major rock distributed at the quarry is sandy mudstone and no calcitic nodules were found except the shell-concentrated bed. The nodules occurring in sandy mudstone are dolomite- and siderite-nodules. The carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of various nodules in the Ohkuchizawa quarry were measured, and the reason that calcitic nodules occur only in the shell-concentrated bed was studied. The isotopic ratios of calcite and dolomite have been modified from the values at the time of crystallization during early diagenesis by the infiltration of groundwater after the uplift of the Aoki Formation. However, it was possible to estimate the initial isotopic ratios of calcite of pre-modification by comparing the measured isotopic ratios with those of calcite in equilibrium with groundwater at 15 °C . The estimated δ¹³C of calcite in apatite-bearing calcitic nodules（type 1）ranges from −5 to + 2 ‰, indicating that the carbonate ion of calcite in type 1 nodules are derived not only from organic matter but also from the carbonate shell of seashells. Until the early stage of sulfate reduction, interstitial water was low in pH. Because of low in pH, the carbonate shell in the shell-concentrated bed was partially dissolved. This resulted in the increase in Ca/Mg ratio of the interstitial water. Apatite crystallized at this diagenetic stage. Then, with the progress of sulfate reduction, the alkalinity and pH of the interstitial water increased, which resulted in the precipitation of calcite. When SO₄ ²⁻ in the interstitial water was depleted, organogenic dolomite of methane fermentation origin started to precipitate, forming dolomite nodules and thin beds of dolomite. The reason that the calcitic nodules were formed only in the shell-concentrated bed is due to the increase of Ca/Mg ratio of the interstitial water, which resulted from the dissolution of carbonate shells in the very early stage of diagenesis of the Aoki Formation.

The Yusubaru Granite and Leucocratic Granite from the eastern part of northern Kyushu, Southwest Japan were investigated with respect to major and trace element analyses, U-Pb zircon dating, rare-earth element (REE) analysis and Sr-Nd isotope analysis. The Yusubaru Granite is divided into two facies in terms of petrographical features: the main and melanocratic porphyritic facies. The main facies are composed of fine-grained biotite granite and two-mica granite. The melanocratic porphyritic facies, which are composed of hornblende -biotite granodiorite and granite, are scattered in the main facies. The Leucocratic Granite is mainly composed of fine- and coarse-grained muscovite granite and two-mica granite. Variations of the whole-rock chemical compositions of the main facies of the Yusubaru Granite and Leucocratic Granite overlap with those of the Masaki Granite, although the REE patterns differ. The initial Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the main facies also differ from those of the Masaki Granite. The main facies of the Yusubaru Granite and Leucocratic Granite are considered to be derived from a single magma chamber based on petrochemical investigations, and the Leucocratic Granite magma was activated after the Yusubaru Granite main facies magma. U-Pb dating of zircons separated from the main facies gives an age of 98.6 ± 0.9 Ma, which is considered to be the timing of the magma activity that produced this granite. Newly determined Sr and Nd isotopic ratios corrected to 98.6 Ma for the two main facies samples from theYusubaru Granite are within the range of isotopic compositions for the North Zone defined by Kagami (2005).