巻号一覧
11 巻 (1955 - 1956)
- 4 号 p. 121-
- 3 号 p. 81-
- 2 号 p. 41-
- 1 号 p. 1-
11 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
八鍬 利助1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 81-83
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリー十勝地方は, 春期には他地方より多照であるから, 撒土によつて融雪促進を行い, 凍土面に多量の日射を照射せしめると凍土の融解を可成促進せしめ得るだろう。
この実験を行うに当り道庁土地改良課, 大正村役場及び作物統計事務所大正村試験地の各位から多大の御援助を得た。茲に明記して感謝の意を表する。また観測及び資料の整理には前田一男, 塚本健二, 工藤勇夫諸氏と大泉英子嬢の御助力を得た。御厚意に対し深謝する次第である。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (388K) -
1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 83-86
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (566K) -
飯塚 一郎1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 84-86
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーCarbon dioxid concentration in the peach orchard was microclimaticlly measured. For the parpus of this measuring a Haldane gas analyser was used.
Diurnal variation of carbon dioxide in the orchard:-
This gas concentration was lower in the daytime than in the night-time and it increased rapidly after sunset. It is probable that this phenomenon was caused by more vigoron carbon assimilation than respiration in the daytime and by the fact that at night the former ceased and only the latter was carried out, and that more of this gas was released from the soil in the night-time than in the daytime.
Distribution of carbon dioxide in the orchard:-
Since it scarecely blows at night, the atmosphere where leaves were thicker and nearer to the ground surface contained more of this gas than at other parts in the orchard. In the early morning, the gas began to decrease gradually from part of the tree where sun fell. This phenomenon extended towards shady part of the tree as the sun rose high. And constant tendency was recognized during daytime when wind blew.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (365K) -
2. 穂波スペクトルと穂ゆれスペクトル井上 栄一1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 87-90
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPhenomena of waving plants and vibration of individual plant are regarded to be both caused by behaviors of turbulons contained in the surface wind just at the plants height. Turbulons are divided into two classes of the coupling frictictional ones and the larger ones. The former is further subdivided into the predominant corresponding to the earlier mixing length concept, the intermediate to which the well known second similarity hypothesis of turbulence is applicable and the smallest to which the first similarity hypothesis is applicable.
The predominant turbulon is fed energy from the shearing mean wind field and simultaneously provides the same amount of energy to the intermediate, and the energy distribution among the intermediate turbulons is represented by the so-called -5/3 power law of the turbulon energy spectra.
The Lagrangian description of turbulon spectrum is applied to the waving plants phenomena, in which the progressing plants waving is compared to the non-lift balloons floating over the plants, and the Lagrangian spectrum of turbulence is presented as
F(n/n0)=2/π1/1+(n+n0)2,
where n denotes the life-frequency of turbulon and n0 does approximately that of the predominant turbulon and/or waving plants. The life-time of the predominant waving plants over rice fields is estimated to decrease with increasing wind velocity and to attain a constant value of about 1.5sec at and beyond the critical wind velocity (over ca. 5.5m/sec at 2m height).
The vibration of individual plants is regarded to be due to the successive passage of turbulons in the surface wind. Since under a condition of wind velocity below the critical the fluctuations in displacement (or the amplitude of plant vibration) is represented in terms of the wind force or wind pressure fluctuations, the spectral function of wind pressure fluctuations is suggested to be applicable to the plants vibration as follows:
F(N/N0)=20/9(N/N0)3/{1+(N/N0)2}8/6,
where N0 corresponds approximately to the passage-frequency of the predominant turbulon.
The plants vibration is divided also into the predominant, the intermediate and the smallest vibration. The smallest vibration is considered to be caused by turbulons of the passage-time just same as the period of natural vibration of plants. At and beyond the critical wind velocity, periods of the predominant and of the smallest vibration coincide with each other and the above spectral function cannot be applied, but the line spectrum of vibration is expected to predominate at the period of natural vibration of plants.
No practical observations have yet been available to be compared to the theoretical results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (600K) -
防風垣の高さと効果範囲田中 貞雄, 谷沢 恒夫, 佐野 洋, 柿沼 計, 小寺 新二1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 91-94
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーConcerning the relation between the height of shelter-hedges and the effective area, the past researchers have put forth two different results. Namely, the one is that the higher the hedge the wider is the effective area and the other is the contrary. Theoretically speaking, the area is to be wider in proportion to the 8/7 power of H. (H is the height) The following factors may be suggested to explain how the different conclusions have been reached.
1) The direction of the wind; The fence placed at right angles to the wind direction produces a remarkably different effective area from the fence placed at oblique angles.
2) Turbulence; The more turbulence of the wind causes the less wide effective area; Near the seashore, owing to little turbulence in general, the effective area becomes wider, while in the inland place with woods and forests the area becomes narrower.
3) The roughness on the surface of the ground; Much unevenness or undulation on the surface of the earth or much grassiness lessens the effective area.
4) The structure of the shelter-hedge; The density, breadth, position of the branches, flexibility of the crown, and so on exert a great influence on the effective area,
5) The velocity of the wind; The higher velocity causes the more turbulence, and in consequence the effective area becomes less. On the contrary, the lower velocity causes the area to be wider. However, the experiments have brought about a result to the contrary.
The result of the experiment:
1) Conditions
Two kinds of fences: 100cm. and 50cm. in height.
The kind of fence employed: board-fence, 75% covered.
The direction of the wind: right angles to the fence (variance of about 5 degrees to be included)
The velocity of the wind: 6-8m/sec. Places of measurement: Three places of different turbulences.
Measuring apparatus: small type of Robinson's anemometer.
2) Result
The more the turbulence the less has been the difference in ratios of the wind velocity of the two fences. The difference is to be shown in a stright line in its diagram. In the case of the 50cm high one, the difference deviates from the stright linear formula. Times the height of the hedges, in both kinds, which decrease the velocity of the wind 50%, becomes the more where the turbulence is less. In the case of the fence 100cm high, the ratio of the increase of the effective area is shown as H1.03-H1.09 (H denotes times the height of the hedge) -H1.06 as average. Now it has become clear that when the fences get higher, the effective area grow more in proportion to times of the height of the fences.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
西内 光1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 95-96
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリー別府市北部春木川南川地区は例年螟虫およびイモチ病の害がすくないが, 北側地区は夫等病虫害が多いといわれており, 北側は亀川温泉にちかいので, 冬期地中温度がたかくて夫等病虫の越冬に好適なのではないかといわれていたが, 1944年1月, 地中温度観測比較の結果はそうではなく, 逆にに被害がすくないといわれている南側地区の方が地下に温泉脈があり, 地中温度はたかかつたが, 反対に病虫害が多いといわれている北側地区は温泉脈がなく, 冬期地中温度はひくかつたので, 北側が病虫の越冬に好適であるとはいえない。ゆえに南側地区で病虫害がすくないのは, 温泉脈の存在による地熱の為に夏期の地中温度もたかい筈で, その為に水稲の生育良好で, 病虫害に抵抗がつよいものとおもわれた。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (301K) -
連墻の機能田中 貞雄, 谷沢 恒夫, 佐野 洋, 柿沼 計1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 97-99
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーAs was seen in our previous report, a lot of turbulence in the wind reduces the function of the shelter-hedge. Moreover, some experiments in the wind tunnel clearly show that the multiple shelter-hedge is more affected by the turbulence than the single shelter-hedge.
By our experiments the multiple shelter-hedge of two belts has a higher ratio of wind velocity than the single one by 4 to 8%, as far as 20 times the height of the hedge, on the leeward; the 3-belted one has an increase of 1 to 4% in ratio of wind velocity, as compared with the 2-belted one, the 4-belted one has an increase of 1 to 2% in the ratio, as far as 10 times the height of the hedge, on the leeward, as compared with the 3-belted one. However, within the distance of 10 times the height of the hedge, clear result has not been obtained.
Concerning the vertical distribution of wind velocity, in the single hedge remain the spheres of the turbulence of 120cm, 80cm, and 50cm, respectively at the distance of 5, 10 and 15 times the height of the hedge, on the leeward, while in the multiple hedges the spheres of 100cm, 50cm, 30cm, remain, at the distance of 5, 10, and 15 times, respectively, on the leeward.
As for the turbulence of wind velocity, the 2-belted hedge has an increase of 2% over the single one, at the distance of 15, 20, 25 times the height to the leeward. But the turbulence caused by the multiple hedge seems to be constant when the belts increase in number.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (460K) -
小林 茂樹1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 100-102
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーThe area in consideration comprises 885 neatly arranged but almost about tennis court dimensioned paddy fields, several gentle brooks, numerous straight foot-paths and cart-roads together with about a dozen of lotus marshes in a region of 1.5km×0.6km in the Delta Plain south of Lake Suwa.
In the autumn of 1935 the writer investigated the variety of the rice crop cutlivated at each field, which he entered, in a map of 1:7000. The numerous tiny hatched tetrahedrons were the paddy fields where the variety styled “Aikoku No, 20”—strong, manure-resistant and pest-resistant—were cultivated, the scattering black patterns were the lotus marshs and the rectangles without any hatching were mostly planted with the variety styled “Sekitori” (in Jap.) which yields good qualified rice but are weak against the attack of pest.
In order to scrutinize the general tendency of the distribution, he twice dealt with Fig. 1 after Katsue Misawa's method, the result of which is shown in Fig. 2. The Arabic numerals in the figure indicate the average percentage of the rice fields planted with “Aikoku No. 20” with an unit of 10 percent. Although the appearance of this objective region is completely flat, there exist, however, slight differences in elevation. The areas where the “Aikoku No. 20” were prevelent—the centers of which were located at the northeast and the north-west sectors of Fig. 2—coinsides with the lowest therefore, sometimes water-stagnant fields which were formerly irrigated with nitrogen-rich water from many wells excavated there. This fact indicate that the variety of the crop is some-times of good service in revealing the regional characteristics of a given area.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2256K) -
阿部 亥三, 高橋 昌一1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 103-106
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリー昭和27, 28両年の試験結果から次の事が判明した。1) 馬鈴薯並に大豆の収量では田口氏等の試験結果と略々同様に馬鈴薯の収量を若干減少せしめるが, 両者の綜合生産に於いては, 単作の場合に比し著しく増収を示した。2) 大豆間作による微細気象の差異は馬鈴薯の生育, 収量には余り影響しない様である。3) 間作大豆は生育初期の日照不足, 並に生育領域の狭隘等, 不良環境下に置かれるが, 馬鈴薯の枯凋期以後は疎植条件となり, 日照を多く受けるので, 個体当子実着生量では単作大豆を凌駕する成績を示した。4) 間作大豆は単作大豆に比較して両年とも虫喰粒数の少ない事が顕著な特徴であつたが, これは7月下旬～9月上旬の畦間に於ける微細気象, 特に気温の差に因るところが大きいものと考えられる。
本試験の実施に当つては当場田口栽培第二部長より懇篤なる御助言を賜つた。又小宮気象研究室長より絶えず御指導と御鞭撻を賜り, 取まとめに際しては懇篤なる御助言を賜つた。ここに記して深甚なる謝意を表する次第である。尚生育調査並に微気象観測に協力された菅原俐, 安部清の両君に深く感謝する。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (722K) -
三沢 春郎1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 107-108
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (4004K) -
畦型態の差異が土壤侵蝕に及ぼす影響について八鍬 利助, 石井 衛1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 109-110
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
白木 実, 鈴木 孝平, 山田 宗郎1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 111-112
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
小宮 書之助1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 113-114
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (314K) -
野田 健児, 立石 静男1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 115
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (183K) -
内田 英俊1955 年 11 巻 3 号 p. 116-118
発行日: 1955/12/30
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (524K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|