巻号一覧
21 巻 (1965 - 1966)
- 4 号 p. 121-
- 3 号 p. 81-
- 2 号 p. 41-
- 1 号 p. 1-
21 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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矢吹 万寿, 牛山 治男1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 1-4
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーOn studies of plant growth using growth cabinet or greenhouse, there have been paid little attention to carbon dioxide concentration of air. However it is supposed that owing to circulated re-using of air for air-conditioning in growth cabinet of phytotoron, the carbon dioxide concentration is quite decreased and the plants do not grow properly. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate plants under the normal concentration of carbon dioxide. The same problem should be considered in greenhouse.
Even in the case of carbon dioxide nutrient system which practically used recently, it is necessary to keep the effective and economic level of the carbon dioxide concentration.
The authors tried to make the automatic controlling equipment of carbon dioxide concentration in closed system culture.
The heat conductivity principle was used for determining CO2 concentration. The circuit and piping of it are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. After the standard air (outside air or carbon dioxide free air) is sucked into the reference and detector cells of the bridge, the bridge is balanced by the balancing resistance r2. And then, the bridge is unbalanced a fixed value which correspond to a given concentration of carbon dioxide of the cabinet air with the regulating resistance r1 and the cabinet air is sent to the detector cell. Untill the carbon dioxide concentration in the growth cabinet reachs a given value, the bridge is retained in the unbalanced condition and the magnetic valve of carbon dioxide bomb opens and the carbon dioxide is sent into the cabinet. The syncronous rectifying circuit is equiped so as not to open the magnetic valve by the opposite unbalance of the bridge when the concentration becomes higher than the fixed value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (554K) -
(1) 果樹の霜害危険地の推定中川 行夫1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 5-9
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーFruit trees are in danger of frost damage in cases where their average date of flowering stage is very close to the date of the last hoarfrost, because the fruit trees are the most sensitive to freezing in the flowering time.
From this point of view, the difference between the average date (A) of the last hoarfrost and the average date (B) of full bloom stage was adopted as an index of the risk with respect frost damage This index was applied to apple, peach and pear. The frequency of occurence of frost damage increases with decreasing the index value (B—A).
The results obtained in this manner are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. These tables show, in general, Suzuka and Hirano are the most dangerous places with respect to frost damage, because of early flowering and late date of the last hoarfrost. On the contrary, the frost damage scarcely occured at Sakata where the flowering date is late and the date of the last hoarfrost is early (Fig. 2).
Highly significant difference was recognized, furthermore, between full bloom stage of Jonathan and air temperature in April as shown in Tables 4, 5 and in Fig. 1.
Even in regions where there are no data on the flowering date of fruite trees, it is possible to know indirectly hazardous areas for planting fruite trees from the stand point of frost damage using a close relationship betwen air temperature in April and the date of the last hoarfrost. Figs. 3 and 4 show the results oftained by such a indrect method.
It is shown in Fig. 4 that Fukaura, Tomari, Oma, Mimaya, Wakinosawa and Tanabu are relatively safety places concerning frost damage, while Shichinohe, Tago and Ozawaguchi are dangerous places.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (610K) -
武田 京一1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 11-14
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーA differential equation, which prescribes velocity distribution in plant canopies and was derived in a previous paper, is solved for a given plant density-height relation, i.e. a parabolic relation. The obtained solution contains a Bessel function of νth order and represents a probable profile which is connected to a logarithmic profile, in the space over the plant canopy. Correspondingly, the roughness parameter and the zero-plane displacement are determined uniquely. Also the depth of the laminar sublayer is discussed and is proved to vary inversely with the frictional velocity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (463K) -
岩切 敏1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 15-21
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリー早期および普通期栽培における水田蒸発数量の季節的変化が明らかにされた。蒸発散合計量は栽培期間の長い普通期栽培が多く410mm (普通期), 350mm (早期) をえた。また日蒸発散量の極値は年間で最も日射量の大きい時期と最大繁茂期が一致する早期栽培の方が大きいが, 全期間平均値は早期-3.71mm/day, 普通期-3.57mm/dayで両者間に本質的差異は認められなかつた。蒸散量の季節変化における2極大現象は本実験では明らかでなかつた。蒸発散量は小型蒸発計蒸発量に比較的近い値を示すがこれによつて短期間における水田蒸発散量を推定することは困難である。蒸発散量の実測値と熱収支法および組合せ法をもちいた計算値との比較を試みたが, 組合せ法が実用に適していると判断された。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (883K) -
新井 正1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 23-27
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the amount of observed evaporation was compared with those calculated with two methods. The data on evaporation were quoted from the new climatic tables for Japan published recently by meteorological agency. The evaporation from a shallow water was calculated by PENMAN method (E0) and socalled gradient method (E). Other theoretical and empirical formulas were not very suitable for our purpose, because of the need of detailed climatic data and of emirical constants that vary with places. It is reasonable to expect that the two methods give the same results since the both are on the basis of the principle of heat balance.
In the calculation of evaporation by PENMAN method, the data on incoming short wave radiation with Robitzsch actiongraph were used and the value of albedo of water surface was taken from Budyko's (1959) textbook. The following equation was used to caluclate the evaporation from water surface by the gradient method.
E=k{e(θ∝)-ed},
where k is the evaporation coefficient, e (θ∝) the saturation water vapor pressure (mb), ed the water vapor pressure at the shelter height (1.5m) and θ∝ the terminal water temperature (the same to daily mean of water temperature), The evaporation coefficient was obtained from the data on the heat transfer coefficient reported by several researchers and found to be 0.42mm/day. mb. The terminal water temperature was calculated by the heat balance method on the basis of climatic data.
The results so obtained are presented in Table 1. This table shows the fair agreement in amount between the evaporations calculated by the two methods except of the months with wind velocity higher than 3 or 4m/sec. The discrepancy between them in the period of wind velocity higher than 3 or 4m/sec seems to be due to the assumption of a constant value in the evaporation coefficient. As can be seen in Fig. 1, the ratio (E/Rn) and ratio (E/obs) show the remarkable annual variation with higher values in winter and relatively constant values in warm season. The value of ratio (E/Rn) in. warm season was found to be in the range 0.8 to 0.9 and it was somewhat larger than those obtained by other researchers.
In order to obtain a more simple equation than the two methods used here, the data on evaporation were treated and obtaind the following empirical relation.
E=Rn+1/0.06D-5.4, mm/day
where Rn is the net radiation equivalent (mm/day) and D the saturation deficit (mb). This relation is very convenient for the operational use.
The significant discrepancy in amount between pan evaporation and evaporation estimated by heat balance method seems to indicate that pan evaporation is not very reliable in scheduling the use of water resource,抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (676K) -
小林 勝次1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 29-30
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
内島 善兵衛1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 31-34
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (658K) -
渡部 一郎1965 年 21 巻 1 号 p. 35-37
発行日: 1965/08/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (499K)
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