ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA
Online ISSN : 1347-5800
Print ISSN : 0044-5991
ISSN-L : 0044-5991
19 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • VINCI MIZUHIRA, JUNKO YOKOFUJITA, HIDENORI SUZUKI, YOSHIE SUGIURA
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 687-700
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The binding sites of membrane-bound receptors such as insulin, acetyl choline, concanavaline A (Con A) are clearly demonstrated with a radioactive isotope (hot RI) incubation after light fixation. This type of autoradiography (ARG) visualizes the correct binding sites with good morphological characteristics. For steroid hormones such as estrogen including vitamine D3, the genomic receptor sites cannot be demonstrated with such samples except the essential specific strong binding affinity in the special granules of eosinophilic leucocytes. We demonstrated the binding sites of 125I-insulin in liver, red blood cells, and heart muscle; of 125I-α-bungarotoxin (bungarotoxin) in rat intercostal muscle motor end-plate, cerebellum, and cerebrum; of 125I- or 3H-Con A receptors on the surface of human red blood cells; and of 3H-estradiol or 3H-moxestrol in the special granules of eosinophilic leucocytes in the rat uterus.
  • M. VAN DER PLOEG, A. H. N. HOPMAN, J. E. LANDEGENT, A. K. RAAP, J. WIE ...
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 701-709
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two methods for nucleic acid hybridization are discussed in which, instead of radioactive markers, labels like fluorochromes or cytochemically detectable enzymes are applied. In one method mercury is covalently bound to the probe in order to allow, after the hybridization, coupling of a ligand which in addition to the mercury-binding thio-group, contains a fluorochrome or a hapten. In another procedure the probe is haptenized before the hybridization by treatment with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene, resulting in the covalent attachment of AAF-groups.
    In both methods, the haptens in the hybrids are visualized by immunocytochemical procedures.
    Our efforts so far, resulted in methods which in addition to speed and a high topological resolution, reached a sensitivity that allows the detection of unique mammalian sequences in both in situ and in Southern blot hybridization experiments. With these procedures the detection of separate target DNAs simultaneously within one microscopic preparation is possible, as is in situ hybridization on interphase nuclei in suspension. Several aspects of these procedures as well as results obtained so far are discussed.
  • APPLICATIONS TO DISEASED HUMAN BRAINS
    SHOZO KITO, RIE MIYOSHI, HIROAKI MATSUBAYASHI, ICHIRO KANAZAWA
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 711-718
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The technique of in vitro autoradiography is widely utilized for observations of specific binding sites of neurotransmitters or drugs. The current trend of this research field is toward quantifying receptor densities in autoradiograms of brain sections. In this paper, the authors showed the method for quantification in our laboratory and confirmed that receptor densities obtained from in vitro autoradiography almost consisted with those from receptor binding assay. Since in vitro autoradiography can construct highresolution maps of receptor distributions, it is the useful tool for studies of neural functions.
    The authors performed the quantitative in vitro autoradiography in diseased human brains. Two cases of late cortical cerebellar atrophy (LCCA) were used in these experiments. Through morphometric analysis, it was observed that Purkinje cells in both case 1 and 2 were lost in half as many as those in control cases and the density of the granular cells was markedly reduced in the cerebellar cortex of case 2. In the dentate nucleus of case 1, the increase of GABA receptors as well as the decrease of GABA concentration was observed and this increase is considered to be receptor supersensitivity. In addition, the reduction of glutamate binding sites was observed in the dentate nucleus of both cases. Neurobiological basis of this receptor change is left for further investigations.
  • JUNJI YODOI, YUTAKA TAGAYA, MASAFUMI OKADA, MASAKAZU HIRATA, TSUNEHISA ...
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 719-734
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The humoral regulation of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2-R) gene expression was studied on the transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional levels. HTLV-I (+) leukemic T-cells and T-cell lines from the patients with Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) continuously expressed IL-2-R without production of IL-2. However, there was no abnormality of the structural gene for the IL-2-R in these cell lines as well as fresh leukemic cells of ATL. We have detected that many HTLV-I (+) T4 (+) T-cell lines constitutively produce a non-IL-2 lymphokine named ATL-derived factor (ADF), which induced the expression of the high affinity IL-2-R on a variety of the cells including HTLV-I (+) T-cells as well as YT cells, a sensitive human NK cell line without rearrangement of T beta gene. IL-2-R on YT cells was also induced by a variety of IL-1s but not by IL-2, which effectively induced IL-2-R on T-cell lines.
    IL-2-R gene expression on YT cells is also induced by a variety of pharmacological agents including phorbol esters such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and Forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase. In contrast to the preferential induction of the low affinity IL-2-R by PMA, Forskolin induced the high affinity IL-2-R on YT cells.
    These IL-2-R inducing agents such as ADF and Forskolin were shown to induce the elevation of the levels of mRNA for IL-2-R, through the enhancement of the transcription of the IL-2-R gene. The possible involvement of IL-2-R inducing cytokines in the physiological lymphocyte activation and the malignant transformation in ATL and other T-cell leukemias is discussed.
  • AIRO TSUBURA, SATOSHI UEDA, TAKEHIKO HATANO, HARUTAKA TANAKA, STEFAN Z ...
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 735-744
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    An antigen immunologically related to the major core protein (B-p25) of mouse mammary tumor virus (MTV) was identified in Carnoy's fixativetreated human tissue sections by repeated PAP technique. The positive reaction was restricted to the mammary parenchymal cells, and it was completely absent in 42 normal and 20 cancerous tissues other than the breast. Positive findings were obtained in 14/33 normal mature mammary glands, 14/36 cases of mastopathy, 3/12 mammary fibroadenomas and 18/102 mammary carcinomas. The reactivity was not related to the histological types of tumors nor to the age of patients. Antiserum absorption gave support to MTV-specificity of the immunohistochemical reactions observed. It is concluded that normal as well as neoplastic human breast tissues expressed an antigen related to MTV B-p25. However, a B-p25 specific epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody (83E7) could not be detected in those human tissues investigated.
  • AKIRA SAKAMOTO
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 745-760
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Cytofluorometric measurement of nuclear DNA was performed on individual cells isolated from paraffin sections of 20 cases of adrenocortical tumor. Eight cases of Cushing's syndrome, 9 cases of primary aldosteronism, 2 cases of non-functioning adenomas and one case of adrenal carcinoma were obtained by surgical resection and one case of normal adrenal gland was obtained by autopsy.
    Isolated cell smears stained with 4', 6-diamino-2-phenyl-indole dihydrochrolide (DAPI). Nuclear DNA measurement was carried out by an epi-illumination cytofluorometer. Correlated study with both the DNA distribution pattern and histopathological examination was made.
    The DNA distribution pattern of normal adrenal gland was diploid, i.e., consisting of a single large peak in 2C range without any polyploid cells (with DNA content exceeding 3×2C). In Cushing's adenoma, the DNA distribution pattern was similar to that of normal adrenal gland. However, three cases showed diploid pattern with polyploid cells (4.6%, 0.9% and 1.3% respectively). Histopathologically, one case could not be distinguished from the typical Cushing's adenomas, but other two cases showed dissimilarities in the size of nucleus as well as irregularities in shapes. In primary aldosteronism, all cases showed diploid, however 6 of 9 cases demonstrated a double peak which consisted of the first large peak in 2C range and the second peak in 4C range. Polyploid cell appeared in almost all cases (1.3%-7.8%), which was more frequent than that of Cushing's adenomas (1.7%-5.6%), and the range of DNA content (1.3C, 14.8C) was more widely spread than that of Cushing's adenomas (1.3C, 11.9C). In non-functioning adenoma, DNA distribution pattern was diploid with polyploid cells (0.3%, 0.6%) and adrenocortical carcinoma was aneuploid in which the first major peak was 2.7C and 27.8% of polyploid cells.
  • SHIRO MIYASHITA, OSAMU KORETOU, YASUHIRO IWAI, NAOKI ARIZONO, OSAMU TA ...
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 761-765
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    With electron microscopic examination, the specific granules of rat peritoneal mast cells can be roughly divided into two types, i.e. compact and reticular granules. As previously reported, acid phosphatase (Acp) positive reaction was observed in the reticular granules but not in the compact ones. The reticular granules were Alcian Blue positive with Alcian Blue-Safranin staining. However, the correlation between the Acp positive granules and the Alcian Blue positive granules has not been established as yet. Rat peritoneal mast cells were collected from SD male rats. After the glutaraldehyde fixation and Acp reaction, the cells were post-fixed with osmium tetroxide and stained with the Alcian Blue-Safranin double staining method and the specimens were embedded in epon. Serial sections for electron microscopic and light microscopic examinations were compared with each other. The results showed that the Acp positive granules observed in the electron micrograph correspond exactly with the Alcian Blue positive granules observed in the light micrograph.
  • I. POSTERIOR LOBE
    KATSUHIRO INOUE, ITSUO YOSHIZAWA
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 767-774
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical observation of catechol estrogen localization in the posterior lobe of the rat pituitary gland was undertaken with a specific antibody to 2-hydroxyestrone coupled to bovine serum albumin and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Immunoreactive deposits were found in the pituicytes mainly in the peripheral part. The extended catechol estrogen-positive processes of the pituicytes enclosed or made contact with adjacent axon terminals and free extended catechol estrogen-positive processes were often found in the perivascular space. These results suggest that catechol estrogen may be involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine functions in the posterior lobe.
  • YUJI ISHIKAWA, CHOSEI ZUKERAN, SHIGERU KURATANI, SHIGENORI TANAKA
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 775-783
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    A simple and reproducible technique is described by which the nerve fibers in small fish and chick embryos are revealed in whole mounts. The materials were fixed, washed, pre-treated by various procedures and finally stained immunohistochemically by using an antibody directed against neurofilament protein. The cranial, spinal and sympathetic nerve fibers were stained. In the medaka, pit organs were also stained. Moreover, it was possible to stain the nerve fibers in the same material repeatedly. By this method, the three dimensional structures of the nerve fibers and their relationships to other structures can be readily observed.
  • RANDAL S. BLANK, THEODORE M. HOLLIS
    1986 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 785-797
    発行日: 1986年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Histamine, acting via membrane receptors, modulates a number of potentially important processes within the vascular wall. Histamine receptor activation affects cellular activities such as contractility, movement, growth, and metabolism. The present study entails a characterization of endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) histamine receptors with respect to cytochemical indices of DNA content and chromatin dispersion.
    Both EC and SMC exhibited functionally active H1 and H2 receptors. Activation of either receptor type resulted in a substantial ploidy shift in EC but not in SMC cultures. The physico-chemical state of chromatin as assessed by Feulgen reactivity was altered in both cell types. H2 receptor activation elevated Feulgen reactivity in 2C nuclei, while in 4C nuclei both H1 and H2 receptors were active in this regard. Elevation of Feulgen reactivity of EC and SMC nuclear chromatin in response to histamine receptor agonists presumably represents a “chromatin activation reaction” reflecting alterations in the conformation of the deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) complex and accompanying changes in template activity. Disparity between agonist effects on 2C and 4C populations may reflect the cell cycle regulation of histamine receptors.
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