ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA
Online ISSN : 1347-5800
Print ISSN : 0044-5991
ISSN-L : 0044-5991
27 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • TORU MICHIOKA, NOBUHIRO TAKESHIMA, NAGATO TSUNAGA, YOSHINORI SUMINAMI, ...
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 435-440
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Terrestrial vertebrates, particularly eutherian species, show highly stratified epithelium. Recent evidence has indicated that the special organization of the stratification depends largely upon a variety of adhesion molecules, and therefore probably upon some proteases and their inhibitors. The present paper shows the expression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC antigen), a new serine protease inhibitor, in the integuments of various vertebrate species. In Southern blot analysis, SCC antigen gene was detected in human, monkey, dog, cat, horse, cow, goat, and rabbit, but not in wallaby, chicken, tortoise, frog, or carp. Immunohistochemical studies with the monoclonal antibody against SCC antigen revealed that this protein is present at the intermediate layer of the human squamous epithelium but not at the parabasal layer. SCC antigen is also absent at the epithelial region adjacent to the squamo-columnar junction where the stratification is not fully organized yet. These results indicate that SCC antigen may play an important role in the regulation of the stratification of squamous epithelium.
  • TAMOTSU KIYOSHIMA, MIZUHO A. KIDO, TAKAYUKI TSUKUBA, HIDETAKA SAKAI, K ...
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 441-450
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The localization of cathepsins B and D in the synovial lining cells and distribution of the lining cells containing these cathepsins in the normal rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were examined immunocytochemically in thick (8-10μm) and semithin (1μm) cryosections with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method and in ultrathin sections with the gold-labeled IgG method. In the thick sections, strong immunoreactivity for cathepsins B and D probably in the type A cells (not clear at this level), was observed simultaneously in the superficial layer of the synovial membrane. This reactivity was strong at the following portions of the synovial membrane located adjacent to the blood vessels: 1) at the anterior portion and 2) medial-posterior portion facing the upper joint cavity, and 3) at the anterior portion and 4) lateral portion facing the lower joint cavity. In semithin cryosections, strong immunoreactivity for cathepsins B and D was simultaneously found in the type A cells which have numerous pseudopodia and vacuoles, while weak granular immunoreaction products for both cathepsins were also observed in the type B cells. In control sections, no type A or B cells showed immunoreactivity for these cathepsins. In the ultrathin sections, numerous gold particles indicating cathepsins B and D were detected in the lysosomes and phagolysosomes of the type A cells facing the lateral intercellular spaces and joint cavity. In the phagolysosomes, these cathepsins were characteristically co-localized. On the other hand, in the type B cells, a few gold particles were localized only in the lysosomes.
    Judging from these findings, it is suggested that type A cells predominantly contain cathepsins B and D, and that these cathepsins may be restricted within the cells (lysosomes) without extracellular release in the normal rat TMJ. It is also suggested that materials such as cell debris in the lateral intercellular spaces between the type A cells or in the joint cavity are endocytosed by phagosomes nearby, and are digested by proteolytic enzymes (cathepsins B and D) in the lysosomes. In addition, it is considered that this function in the type A cells is most conspicuous at the anterior portion of the synovial membrane of the normal rat TMJ.
  • NOBUAKI ITO, MASAKO YOKOTA, SHINGO KAWAHARA, YOSHIFUMI MORIMURA, YOSHI ...
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 451-458
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Blood group ABH and related antigens are not expressed in normal thyroid glands. However, cells of thyroid papillary carcinoma, especially their luminal surfaces expressed ABH antigens in a manner compatible with the ABO blood group of patients. Sialyl Lewis a (CA 19-9) and sialyl precursor type 1 chain were likewise intensely and frequently expressed in these cells from most of the individuals examined. On the other hand, Lewis x, sialyl Lewis x and sialyl precursor type 2 chain were minor components of the carbohydrate antigens expressed in these cells. In contrast, type 2H, type 2A and presumably type 2B antigens were preferentially expressed in these cancer cells. Prior digestion with endo-β-galactosidase from Escherichia freundii eliminated or reduced the reactivity of monoclonal antibodies and lectins specific for these ABH and related antigens with carcinoma cells. Along with the elimination or reduction of staining with these reagents, binding sites with Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II appeared in the corresponding tissue sites indicating the presence of poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures. These results suggested that poly-N-acetyllactosamine structure containing linear domain susceptible to endo-β-galactosidase digestion is a common and ubiquitous precursor of the blood group-related antigens and its synthesis is prerequisite for the oncofetal expression of these antigens in papillary carcinoma of the thyroids.
  • TAKEHIKO KOJI, NOBUYUKI KOBAYASHI, YOSHINOBU NAKANISHI, AKIRA YOSHII, ...
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 459-463
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • TETSUJI NAGATA
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 471-489
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The procedures for radioautography of soluble compounds can be divided into two categories, i.e., precipitation wet-mounting radioautography and freeze dry-mounting radioautography. The former procedure is limited in application to only a few compounds, while the latter is universally applicable to any kind of compounds. The cryo-fixation and dry-mounting procedure at the electron microscopic level is described in detail in this article.
    Freezing is carried out at very low temperatures (-160°C or -196°C) in isopentane cooled with liquid nitrogen or directly in contact with copper blocks cooled with liquid nitrogen. Then the following procedures can be divided into 3 methods, i.e., freeze-dried or freeze-substituted tissues are embedded in Epoxy resin and dry-sectioned, or frozen tissues are directly cryosectioned and then freeze-dried, in order to prevent diffusion artifacts of labeled compounds. Dried thin sections are dry-mounted with emulsions for the radioautographic procedure. Dried films of radioautographic emulsions are applied to the dry sections by means of a wire-loop method, exposed, developed and stained. As the controls, glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide fixed, wet-mounted radioautography is employed and compared. As the results, soluble compounds are quantitatively analyzed by subtracting the density of a wet-mounting radioautogram from the dry-mounting one.
    From the results obtained by the present authors, various soluble compounds, including nucleotide precursors, proteins, lipids, polysaccharides precursors, hormones, drugs and inorganic compounds, are generally localized diffusely in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of various cells examined.
    These procedures are expected to be applied in the future for various organic and inorganic substances in living organisms to clarify the sites of their incorporation, synthesis, and discharge.
  • STANLEY ERLANDSEN, SHARON HASSLEN, ROBERT NELSON, CAROL WELLS, GARY DU ...
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 491-493
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • TETSURO TAKAMATSU, SETSUYA FUJITA
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 495-498
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The applications of a confocal laser scanning microscope for imaging fast dynamic changes of the intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the living cell are described. Confocal images enable us to determine the cell-to-cell junction between clustered heart muscle cells of guinea pig and reveal that the high [Ca2+]i can evoke calcium-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the neighboring heart muscle cells through the gap junction. In rat peritoneal mast cells, secretagogue-induced calcium signaling initiates at the periphery of the cell and propagates to the nucleus as calcium wave. Nuclear [Ca2+]i is upheld at higher level than cytoplasmic [Ca2+]i for 2min. X-t scan mode with high-temporal resolution provides comprehensive images of the phenomenon. The confocal laser scanning microscope with depth-discriminating ability is a valuable tool to know a sequence of biological event within the living cell.
  • KENICHI TAKAYA, KENJI NIIYA, TOHRU MASUDA, MASAHIKO TOYODA
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 499-505
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Fresh preparations including fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections, prints and smears and fresh air-dried prints and smears were prepared of the rat, hamster and guinea pig bulbourethral glands (BUG), tree frog tongue, red ear turtule blood and goldfish intestine and adult normal and allergic dermatitis and chronic myelogenous leukemia patient blood. They were observed under a 200kV transmission electron microscope at acceleration voltages of 200kV and 80kV. They were then observed under the analytical electron microscope (AEM, X-650) in a scanning transmission (STEM) mode at an acceleration voltage of 40kV at specimen currents of 0.2, 1 and 2nA. Goblet cell granules, mast cell and basophil granules and platelet dense bodies were analyzed under AEM in a STEM mode at an acceleration voltage of 40kV, specimen current of 1 or 2nA, counting time of 100sec. The quantification was made using a program prepared by the standard solution of 20% polyvinylpyrollidone containing different kinds of compounds of 16 different elements. The concentration was expressed in mM/KG dry weight. In the fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections prepared by a new freezing method with a microwave, the areas extending up to 100μm deep from the specimen surface were free from ice-crystal artifacts and the limiting membrane of the goblet granules were distinctly recognized surrounding the individual granules. A quantitative X-ray microanalysis (QXMA) revealed that goblet cell granules of the rat, hamster and guinea pig BUG contained high concentrations of sulfur and magnesium and small amounts of calcium and sulfur and magnesium showed close positive correlations in their concentration. Among forty nine mucous granules of the rat BUG cryofixed with microwave, most contained high concentrations of sulfur and magnesium while a few had high concentrations of sulfur and potassium and small amounts of magnesium or calcium. QXMA of mast cell granules of the tree frog tongue, spleen and peritoneum on fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections, fresh frozen dried and fresh air-dried prints, red ear turtle blood basophils on fresh air-dried smears and goldfish small intestine on fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections disclosed high concentrations of sulfur and magnesium in tree frog mast cell and basophil granules, large amounts of zinc in goldfish intestine mast cell granules while basophil granules of the turtle blood contained high concentrations of sulfur and a very small amount of magnesium or calcium. QXMA of human blood platelet dense bodies revealed high concentration of phosphorus and calcium and very small amounts of magnesium in all the persons examined except one AD and one CML patient whose platelet dense bodies contained high concentrations of magnesium. Divalent cations in mast cells are probably in close relation with proteoglycans, those in goblet cell granules with glycoproteins and those in platelet dense bodies bound to nucleotides such as ATP and ADP within the granules respectively.
  • YA CHEN, VICTORIA E. CENTONZE, ALEXANDER B. VERKHOVSKY, GARY G. BORISY
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 507-509
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • EDWARD EGELMAN
    1994 年 27 巻 5 号 p. 511-512
    発行日: 1994年
    公開日: 2009/10/28
    ジャーナル フリー
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