In order to examine the effects of physiological conditions on the heart rate response to work, seven healthy male students performed submaximal work on a bicycle ergometer under each of six physiological conditions, alcohol consumption (3 milliliters of shochu per 1 kilogram of body weight), food deprivation (24 hrs), food satiation (two portions of dinner), sleep deprivation (36 hrs), physical fatigue (after exhaustive running) and normal conditions. The work load was individually determined so that a subject's heart rate under normal conditions showed 140±5 beats/min and he performed these six kinds of work tests with the same work load. The mean heart rates during work under conditions of alcohol consumption and physical fatigue were significantly higher than that under normal conditions. The mean heart rate under conditions of sleep deprivation was 3.4 beats/min lower than that under normal conditions though this change was not statistically significant. The changes of heart rate were greater at rest than at work, except for the case of sleep deprivation. Under the conditions of sleep and food deprivation, inter-individual differences were greater at work than at rest.

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In order to investigate the effects of physical training on red blood cell properties, in particular erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG, the present study was examined using 10 alpine skiers (Athlete) and 7 untrained persons (Control) aged from 19 to 26 years. The results were obtained as follows : 1) The average Vo₂max value of Athlete was significantly higher than that of the Control. 2) With regards to the red blood cell properties (RBC, Hb, Hct), there was no significant difference between the two groups. However MCV, MCH values of Athlete were significantly Iower, and MCHC of Athlete was significantly higher in comparison with those of the Control. 3) The erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG concentration levels were significantly higher in Athlete as compared with those of Control. 4) The relationship between Vo₂max and erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG was significantly correlated for all subjects composing the two groups. A significant correlation was also found between MCHC and erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG for the group of all Subjects. These results suggest that MCHC and erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG are closely correlated. Therefore, it is conceivable that improvement of aerobic work capacity as a physical training effect is because of the simultaneous increase of both MCHC and erythrocyte 2, 3-DPG and decrease in MCV.

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The classical and standardized method for exercise stress testing is to increase a work load of a bicycle ergometer or treadmill by stepwise increase method.This precedure somethimes provokes a non-stepwise increase in the myocardial oxygen consumption.We, therefore, have developed a new exercise stress testing method for subjects with myocardiaI ischaemia.The work loads of the ergometer in continuously adjusted so that a linear increase in the PRP(systolic blood pressure×heart rate)could be obtained.Using this method, three subjects performed exercise stress testing.The results produced good lineahties between the predicted PRP and actual PRP.It is suspected that this new-method might be safe and applicable to patients with ischaemic heart disease.

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This system can contimously measure the power output of wheelchair locomotion.It consists of special handrim, wheeI, wheel rotation detector, micro strain amplifier and micro data recoder.Locomotion torque is detected by 4 strain-gages that are installed between a special handrim and wheel.The voltage of locomotion torque and wheel rotation pulse are detected and recorded to a micro-data recorder.After the data has been collected, the measurements are used to calculate the running speed, distance, torque and power output.This system will fit easily onto various types of wheelchairs.

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