日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
69 巻, 580 号
選択された号の論文の25件中1~25を表示しています
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. Cover21-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
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  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. Cover22-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App38-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App39-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App40-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App41-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App42-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App43-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
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  • 峯岸 良和, 長谷見 雄二, 丁 文〓
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 1-7
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a comprehensive system of natural ventilation and smoke control for atrium buiIding, an atrium building with a solar chimney is proposed. In this building, natural ventilation is acauired with stack effect prompted by solar energy collection at the chimney. In case of a fire, the escape route is secured from smoke by keeping the neutral pressune plane in the chimney and the pressure of atrium lower than outside. The purpose of this paper is to establish the easy prediction of natural ventilation rate of this atrium solar chimney with zone modeling and grapes the characteristic and performance of the natural ventilation system through the modeling. To obtain ventilation rate, area rate of outlet/inlet 2 and higher chimney are advantageous. The necessary condition of the smoke control in the prototype building is to set the area rate of outlet/inlet greater than 2 and the height of the chimney greater than 20% height of the whole building. The condition satisfying the smoke control is automatically advantageous to natural ventilation and the requirements for natural ventilation and smoke control is compatible.
  • 出口 嘉一, 辻本 誠, 河野 守
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 9-14
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Most of the fire risk analyses have been done taking the density, i.e.the average amount per unit floor area, of combustibles into consideration. However, risk caused by a fire is anticipated to depend not only on the combustible density but also on other parameters of combustibles, such as shape of each combustible and distribution pattern, among other things, especially at growth stage of the fire. In this paper, effects of combustible properties on heat release rate(HRR) of a compartment fire were analyzed by a Monte Carlo Simulation Technique. ln generating a combustible field, larger combustibles, such as a bed, were put at normal position based on a survey, while smaller combustibles were randomly scattered around the larger combustibles. Results of analyses showed that the HRR of the combustible which was set to ignite a fire had significant influence on the average HRR of the compartment fire at its growth stage. The shorter the average minimum distance of combustibles, the average HRR of fire increased more as time elapsed. These tendencies were more remarkable when the density of combustible was larger.
  • 中村 泰人, 辻原 万規彦, 西村 浩一, 香川 治美
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 15-21
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The cubic net radiometer is an instrument that is capable of measuring separately and simultaneously solar and long wave radiation fluxes for six directions with mutually perpendicular. Useful quantities necessary for study on complex thermal radiation fields such as radiation vector, mean radiant temperature, albedo and so on will be obtained using the cubic net radiometer. It consists of independent six pieces of the plate like environmental radiometer which is made of three kinds of heat flow meter with surfaces of different radiation properties. Several constants inherent in the environmental radiometer were calibrated compared with the measurement of the standard instrument except the corrective constant for air velocity. Indications of the cubic net radiometer showed good agreement with natural solar and atmospheric radiation fluxes.
  • 中澤 和弘, 鉾井 修一, 高田 暁
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 23-29
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to clarify the influence of air flow between skin and clothing by natural convection on heat and moisture transfer around human body, the air distribution around human body is analyzed by using CFD for a simplified model of human body and clothing. By inputting the air flow rate through the air layer and convective heat transfer coefficients from skin to air layer and from clothing to air layer obtained by CFD analysis, the heat and moisture behavior around human body is analyzed by the model of human thermal system combined with simultaneous heat and moisture transfer model for clothing. The influence of thc air flow through the air layer between skin and clothing is not significant when the thickness of air layer is less than 0.5 cm. When the thickness of the air layer is 1 cm, the influence of the air flow on heat and moisture transfer should be properly taken into account.
  • 張 晴原
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 31-37
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Direct and diffuse solar radiations are necessary when simulating the thermal performance of buildings. In most cases, however, only the total solar radiation on the horizontal surface is observed at the observatories. Therefore the separating procedure from the total radiation into direct and diffuse radiations becomes necessary. In this paper, a new method to separate the global horizontal solar radiation into direct and diffuse components was developed with the Gompertz function. Using the observed solar data of Beijing, Chengdu, Lanzhou, Lhasa, Shanghai, Tsukuba and Ulumuqi, a model for the separation was developed and the results were compared with that from other models.
  • 西岡 利晃, 梅宮 典子, 大倉 良司
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 39-44
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    A numerical method to predict the air cleaning ability of unidirectional flow cleanrooms is examined. C.F.D is used to calculate three-dimensional turbulent airflows and the change, called decay, of the particulate concentration in the cleanroom by the personal computer. Calculations for various opening ratio of the HEPA filter ceiling (the filter coverage) are made and compared with the experiments. The start-up time is defined as the decay time needed to reduce the particlate concentration from its initial value to 10^<-6> level and is applied to indicate the air cleaning ability. The air cleaning ability is classified into two grades by the opening ratio of the HEAP filter ceiling (the filter coverage). When the opening ratio is equal or larger than 70%, the concentration decay is extremely fast and the start-up time is very short. The flow pattern could be considered the piston flow. For less than 70%, the concentration change is similar to the perfect mixing
  • 澤地 孝男, 清水 則夫, 大澤 元毅, 城地 哲哉, 田島 昌樹, 堀 祐治
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 45-51
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The 80 detached houses in Kanto area, which were built by using Government Housing Loan in 2000 Fiscal Year, were measured of their equivalent leakage area per unit floor area. The samples consisted mainly of the houses, which did not comply with the 1999 national energy code for residential buildings to improve the thermal performance and the air tightness. The following findings were obtained, although further survey is necessary in order to collect more accurate and broad information on the air tightness of recent houses. 1. For the post-and-beam construction (ZAIRAI) without using plywood panel for the exterior walls, mean equivalent leakage area per unit floor area is 5.5 cm^2/m^2, while it is 2.2 cm^2/m^2 for the two-by-four construction. 2. By analyzing the relationship between the air tightness and the specifications of insulation technique, the usage of plywood panels on the exterior wall and the floor, the usage of water proof sheet on the exterior wall and the existence of vented cavity on the exterior wall were proved to be significantly related with the air tightness. 3. Air leakage rate in summer and winter was estimated by using the existing predictive equation, which has been developed by the author. For summer, the air leakage is estimated to be 0.1 ACH for the post-and-beam construction and 0.05 ACH for the two-by-four construction, respectively. For winter, it is estimated to be 0.24 ACH for the post-and-beam construction and 0.1 ACH for the two-by-four construction, respectively.
  • 岡田 博, 梶間 智明
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 53-59
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is said that wet type air cleaner is expedient for the treatment of some kind of organic, acid, and basic gas. In this study, we examined three experimental methods in order to evaluate the possibilities of removing six organic gases. Lowest detection limits are 8.2×10^<-3>mgC/L with the vial method. 8.2×・10^<-5>mgC/L with the Erlenmeyer flask method, and 3.3×10^<-6>mgC/L with the impinger method. The gas-liquid division rate (gas phase concentration/liquid phase concentration) of isopropanol, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane and 1-methoxy-2-propanol are comparatively higher than those of dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol, and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol. The relationship between temperature and gas phase concentration is exponential. The water solubility of isopropanol, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane and 1-methoxy-2-propanol conforms to Henry's law.
  • 王 祥武, 前 真之, 岩本 靜男, 鎌田 元康
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 61-68
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper reports the results of an examination on thermal efficiency and heat loss of hot water supply system for dwellings with gas instantaneous hot water heater, condensing type gas instantaneous hot water heater and mid-night electrical power water heater. The authors carried out experiments in laboratory of heater and system efficiency when hot water supply quantity, ambient temperature and piping system (header-conduit and point divergence) change. As the results, 1) The system efficiency with header-conduit piping system is about 5% higher than point divergence piping system. 2) The boil up temperature has a great influence on the heater efficiency of mid-night electrical power water heater. 3) The changes of hot water supply quantity and ambient temperature have a little influence on heater and system efficiency of system with gas instantaneous hot water heater and condensing type gas instantaneous hot water heater. 4) Condensing type gas instantaneous hot water heater is more efficient than gas instantaneous hot water heater on every mode by about 14%.
  • 新 聖子, 垂水 弘夫, 久保 猛志
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 69-75
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The interest for the ultraviolet radiation of people is turned to not only quantitative increase by the ozone layer depletion but also effect on the human body. In order to understand the amount of ultraviolet radiation exposed in the daily life and to make an effective defense countermeasure, it becomes necessary to show the information on the ultraviolet radiation environment by regions, weather classification, seasons and time zones. In this study, the data of DUV value which is one of the biologically weighted ultraviolet radiation are analyzed and evaluated according to the sky conditions based on weather information, cloud amount, cloud appearance height and cloud form.
  • 韓 〓巧, 尾島 俊雄
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 77-84
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to predict the energy demand of buildings, it is important to establish a database of energy consumption accurately for various buildings. As the commercial building is becoming large-scale and multipurpose, the traditional energy basic unit (average-based) is considered not to be suitable to the energy prediction for this kind of buildings. This study aims at proposing a method to establish the energy basic unit (floor utilization based) that can be used to predict energy more accurately. For this purpose, investigations on General Merchandising Store were conducted in Tokyo and Chiba area. Based on the results, the patterns and characteristics of the energy demand are analyzed in this paper and a new energy basic unit called as "floor utilization based energy demand basic unit" is presented. This new basic unit is shown to be more accurate than the conventional one.
  • 茂呂 隆, 廣瀬 朗, 多葉井 宏
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 85-92
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study examines an environmental impact assessment method (LCA assessment method) from the view point of resource recycling nature in buildings. A LCA Assessment Method is proposed based upon the newly examined structure of the LCA assessment and the LCA database. The structure is composed of three components such as the composition and quantity of building machineries and materials, the repair and renewal, the LCA assessment items. The first one is composed of 7 items such as the machineries and materials, the quantity per unit and so on. The second one is composed of 2 items such as the repair rate and renewal cycle. The third one is composed of 15 items such as the quantity of recycling material consumption, the by-product quantity of building construction and demolition consumption, the level recycling percentage of material and so on. The LCA database is composed of 11 items such as the design specification, the machineries and materials and so on. By setting a conventional housing model and a resource recycling oriented housing model, resource recycling nature is evaluated using the LCA Assessment Method.
  • 谷本 潤, 藤井 晴行
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 93-97
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    A deductive study, as opposed to our previous works, was presented to depict the collusive tendering, which was derived from the Game Theory. The model has two agents. 0ne is a group of enterprise agents who determine either a collusive tendering of a normal competetion in order to maximize their benefits. Another is an agent representing the government or citizens to protect the collusive dealings by watching the enterprize agents. Their profits afe conflicting mutually. Presented deductive process indicates a certin criterion if a collosive tendering is emerged or opressed depending upon several conditions related to revealed rate, penalty and self-controled benefit in case of collusive tendering.
  • 岡崎 健二
    原稿種別: 本文
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. 99-104
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The most essential but difficult part of disaster management is how to motivate people to understand the disaster risk and to take actions appropriately against such risk with their own will. It is first examined with both economic and psychological knowledge how people perceive the disaster risk and make choice to avoid such risk. The choice is made taking into account perceived (subjective) risk probability, perceived value or utility that might be lost, and the cost performance of the investment to avoid the given risk. As a result of lack of risk understanding and psychological influence, people usually underestimate their own risk and would not take actions to avoid the risk. In order to motivate individuals for disaster management, it would be therefore effective to make them understand their own risk, which differs from person to person, through interaction among the stakeholders, and to decrease the cost to avoid the risk. Finally proposed is "Co-learning" among individuals, experts, and NGOs at community level through appropriate risk communication.
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. App44-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. Cover23-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2004 年 69 巻 580 号 p. Cover24-
    発行日: 2004/06/30
    公開日: 2017/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
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