日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
70 巻, 595 号
選択された号の論文の30件中1~30を表示しています
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. Cover33-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. Cover34-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App65-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App66-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App67-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App68-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App69-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App70-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 佐藤 博臣, 栗岡 均, 佐藤 寛
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 1-8
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    The risk communication tool, which can reduce the danger of fire spread at the early stage by the arrangement and selection of the furniture, was proposed to the dwelling residents. 1) The possibility of the classified standard arrangement model was verified. The data was obtained under the actual conditions, based on the analysis of the furniture arrangements in the 516 rooms where students live and 248 homes. 2) Regarding the room area arranged with standard furniture, the figure which indicates the critical ignition distance was suggested. It controls the combustion of the fire source related to the furniture arrangement etc. to the local combustion. According to this figure, a method using the occupied ratio of the fire safety floor was proposed.
  • 阿部 今日子, 井上 勝夫
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 9-16
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    In this study, We selected prospective purchasers of multifamily housing and conducted a questionnaire survey regarding the requirements of consumers regarding housing functions and also conducted an interview survey of housing suppliers (sales managers) regarding the methods they use to provide explanations to consumers and the content of their explanations. The results show that, as consumer demands, performance in the sound environment was cited as the highest priority demand, followed by the lighting and visual environment and then earthquake resistance capabilities, in that order. As performance in the sound environment, floor impact sound insulation capabilities were pointed out as an especially important factor. In addition, the results also clearly indicate that the consumers themselves have a low level of knowledge regarding housing performance and that there is a need for consumer education in order to be able to make precise performance requirements. Meanwhile, the results of the interview survey of housing suppliers (sales managers) indicate that the sales managers themselves have a low level of knowledge regarding housing performance and that it would be difficult for consumers to comprehend housing performance based on the explanations that they provide. It indicates, in particular, that there is a need for the reeducation of sales managers.
  • 西 安男, 岡田 恭明, 大竹 克佳, 糸山 康道, 榊原 佳伸
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 17-23
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    This paper describes a study on formulating outdoor daylight illuminance (global illuminance from fine clear or fair sky, illuminance from unobstructed fine clear or fair sky, cloudy or overcast sky, and rainy sky respectively) in Nagoya district based on the data collected from the continuous measurement over about three years and six months. There are many factors that affect outdoor daylight illuminance. In this paper, weather and solar altitude are taken as two dominant factors that affect outdoor daylight illuminance. After all, this paper presents a series of equations that can evaluate daylight illuminance by taking the above-mentioned two factors into consideration.
  • 大和 義昭, 松原 斎樹, 藏澄 美仁
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 25-31
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study is to clarify resident's clothes in their living room. The questionnaire survey was conducted in different types of residences in and around Kyoto city during the summer and winter seasons. The clo values of male and female were 0.25clo and 0.30clo in summer, and 0.71clo and 0.73clo in winter respectively. In winter, significant differences in the clo values at different age levels were found for both male and female. Differences in those by dwelling type were also observed. The survey clearly shows that the differences in the clo values at the different age groups as well as in the different types of residences should be taken into consideration to evaluate thermal environment of living rooms in winter. In either season, differences in clothing ensembles at different age groups and in different dwelling types were observed for both male and female. It seems that the differences in the clothing ensembles by age and dwelling type should be considered to evaluate thermal environment of living rooms.
  • 赤坂 裕, 武田 和大
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 33-40
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, various sunshading techniques have been developed and applied to windows, since it is well known that their effects on decreasing energy consumption and improving indoor thermal environment during summer season is very high. However, less attention has been paid to sunshading techniques for exterior walls and roofs, although their total area over a building is usually much larger than windows. In this paper, practical heat transfer calculation method has been developed on the purpose of application to the exterior walls and roofs with vented air-layer. The air-layer has been usually attached to exterior side on the walls and roofs of conventional Japanese residential buildings. Although its original function is water vapor exhaustion by natural ventilation, it is also expected to work as a sunshading layer. The developed method includes heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation, and can evaluate quantitatively the sunshading and insulating effects of various combinations of techniques such as controls of surface solar reflectance, surface emissivity, opening ratio of the air-layer, and thickness of insulation material.
  • 桃井 良尚, 相良 和伸, 山中 俊夫, 甲谷 寿史, 杭瀬 真知子
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 41-48
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study examines the way of utilizing a ceiling fan for airflow control in a large air-conditioned room. Although it seems that CFD simulation is useful in predicting the airflow around a ceiling fan, modeling of a ceiling fan as a rotating body is very complicated. Therefore, in this study, complex airflow of a ceiling fan is modeled as boundary conditions based on air velocity data near the ceiling fan obtained by the measurement. In this paper, the measured airflow pattern around the ceiling fan is compared with the CFD simulation result using the airflow model of the ceiling fan, in order to examine the validity of the airflow model. As a result, the CFD results were in good agreement with the measurement ones in respect of the average of air velocity.
  • 安宅 勇二, 加藤 信介, 徐 長厚, 朱 清宇, 長谷川 あゆみ
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 49-55
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is very important to evaluate the adsorption and desorption property of the building materials for the indoor air pollution problem. Recently the adsorption materials and the adsorptive building materials that reduce the indoor air pollutant concentration are developed and become to be used in Japan. The test method concerning the continuous efficiency is not so examined though the test method concerning the concentration reducing performance of the adsorptive building materials is examined. It is thought that the measurement of the adsorption isotherm is effective to evaluate the continuous efficiency because there are a lot of the adsorption materials using the physical adsorption and the chemical adsorption for the adsorptive building materials. However, there are not a lot of examples of measuring the adsorption isotherms of the building material and the adsorption materials. In this paper, two methods of the adsorption isothermal measurement are examined. The first measuring method is an examination with the adsorption amount weighing device with a magnetic suspension balance (MSB), and another is an adsorption breakthrogh capacity method. The adsorption isotherms of various building materials and the adsorption materials are measured by these two measuring methods. First of all, the water vapor adsorption isotherm of each material was measured by MSB, and the water vapor adsorption characteristic was verified. Afterwards, formaldehyde (HCHO) adsorption isotherm was measured by MSB and the adsorption breakthrogh capacity method. The measurement of the water vapor adsorption isotherm with MSB was a very easy and a useful measuring method. Moreover, the adsorption breakthrogh capacity method was able to measure in a short time and was able to measure the HCHO adsorption isotherm easily.
  • 石田 建一, 佐藤 誠
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 57-64
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study shows the results on a validation of energy conservation effect for household using HEMS. The experiment was carried out in 100 detached houses in Hiroshima. Using a signal of human body detection sensor, the air-conditioner control by HEMS performs regulation of set point temperature, and a stop of the air-conditioner at the absence time, and acquires the energy conservation effect. Lighting is turned on by the signal of the detection sensor and an illuminometer. Although the annual energy conservation effect by air-conditioner control was a maximum of 13%, the average of 100 households is 2.3% and a so much effect cannot be expected. The energy conservation effect by lighting control of a passage was presumed to be 4.3%. The energy conservation effect by HEMS to the energy consumption of the whole building was only 0.6%.
  • 田中 英紀, 石橋 良太郎, 足立 拓哉, 奥宮 正哉
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 65-72
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    This study aims to propose a planning and design method for a residential co-generation system. This paper discuss about a gas-engine generator system. The system simulation program is developed to analyze the system behavior and the performance, and the program is verified in comparison between simulation results and experimental data. It is represented that rated power generation with appropriate schedule is effective operation method for a gas-engine generator system and the system energy performance correlates closely with the ratio of heat load to electric power load. And then, the design method for the capacity of generator and D.H.W tank are proposed using by Rge that is the ratio of rated generator output to hourly peak demand in intermediate season and Rst that is the ratio of the tank capacity to daily heat load in winter.
  • 住吉 大輔, 赤司 泰義, 渡辺 俊行, 神村 一幸, 西山 紀光, 崔 軍
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 73-81
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper presents an energy performance analysis of an air-conditioning system with heat pump chillers controlled by inverters. The inverter is attached to the chiller's compressor, and controls the number of revolutions of the motor. As a result, the efficiency of the chiller in a partial load can be largely improved more than in a full load. Traditionally, a chiller in a HVAC&R system is operated at a full load from the viewpoints of the energy much. However, if an inverter is attached to the chiller, there is a possibility that the chiller's partial load operation will make the energy efficiency higher. This inverter utilization is one effective solution to reduce the energy consumption. The energy performance is evaluated by the HVAC&R's measurements and a simulation analysis.
  • 菊池 信, 堀越 哲美
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 83-89
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The objective of this study is to clarify the urban climate related to the human living environment and to obtain the basic information to apply to urban planning in Nagoya. Field observations were conducted in summer and winter, from 2000 to 2001. Air temperature, humidity, wind direction and velocity were measured in mobile observation points. Consequently, 1) In the early morning of the summer and winter, lower temperature occurred in the parts of western suburb of Nagoya and on the eastern hills area. Higher temperature occurred around the bay area and in the center of the city. 2) In the daytime of the summer, sea breeze blow from bay area to the inland. Lower temperature also occurred in the western part and bay area. Higher temperature occurred in the center of the city. 3) In the daytime of the winter, there was no defference of temperature over the city, because the storong northwestern wind (Ibukioroshi) prevailed. 4) In the evening of the summer, lower temperature occurred on the eastern hills area. Higher temperature occurred in the center area. 5) When the wind was calm in winter evening, heat island clearly appered in Nagoya.
  • 朴 明浩, 斉藤 郁雄, 石原 修
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 91-96
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study is to make clear the change of urban environment through Landsat TM data of Harbin and Shanghai. In this paper, some examinations were performed. First, we created the maps of the land cover classification, and found the actual situation of the land cover. Second, we investigated the secular change of the land cover, calculated the rate of the natural cover according to distance and direction from the city center, and discussed the feature's urbanization of the two cities. Finally, we estimated the maps of land cover in 2010 year, and expected the future situation of urbanization.
  • 森川 貴夫, 下田 吉之, 水野 稔
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 97-104
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    This paper describes a simulation model for predicting end-use energy in residential sectors of a city or region. In this model, the energy consumption of a house is simulated considering the lifestyle, weather data, and energy efficiency of appliances and dwelling constructions. By summing up the simulation results for various household and residential types, total energy consumption for the residential sector in a city or region can be estimated. We carried out a questionnaire survey in Osaka city and created models for detail estimation of end-use energy in the city. For instance, we considered the energy consumption by needless use of appliances or lighting, and by reheating the bath that cooled down with time progress. Using this model, we estimated the total energy consumption and defined the baseline of energy consumption of residential sector in Osaka city.
  • 小林 茂雄
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 105-111
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    As factors related to the preference of smell, this research took up and examined types and strength of smells and the behavior setting. Firstly, a questionnaire survey was conducted, followed by an evaluation experiment in which smells were actually presented. As a result of the questionnaire survey, it was found that smells of outdoor eating shops, natural phenomena, and natural construction materials are generally preferred. Moreover, it was found that preferences of smells are influenced by the behavior setting and the source of the smell. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that preferences were changed by the type of smell and the behavior settings. Smells occurring within a dark space tended to be accepted easily overall. Combined effects of types and strength of smells, and behavior setting on preferences were found.
  • 茂呂 隆, 多葉井 宏, 高口 洋人
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 113-119
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    This study aims at contributing to life Cycle Assessment Analysis of resource recycling building and shows how to calculate environmental load units from manufacturing of recycled building materials. The results are as follows. 1) The environmental loads of 31 recycled building materials became clear by a reference investigation and a questionnaire performed to the makers. 2) We presented the method of incorporating the environmental loads which were calculated by accumulation method into Life Cycle Assessment Analysis with environmental load units by Input-Output table. And we made the environmental load units of recycled building materials at the time of building materials manufacture.
  • 佐々木 澄, 持田 灯, 吉野 博, 渡辺 浩文, 吉田 知弘
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 121-128
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    The purpose of this study is to examine the regional characteristics on urban climate. CFD analyses of mesoscale climates of Tokyo metropolis, Sendai city and Haramachi city were carried out. All these three cites are faced to the Pacific Ocean but there exit several factors causing the different regional characteristics of urban climates of three cities, i.e. the size of urbanized area, the building density, the conditions of land-use and artificial heat release, etc. The influence of the regional characteristics on the urban climates was examined based on the results of climatic analyses by considering the heat balance in total urban space. In the center parts of Sendai and Haramachi, it was revealed that the effects of sea breeze are very large compared to the effects of artificial heat releases. In the center of Tokyo, the contribution of sea breeze was also large, but the contribution of artificial heat release was also relatively large compared to other two local cities.
  • 成田 菜採, 村上 周三, 伊香賀 俊治, 坂部 貢, 伊坪 徳宏, 水石 仁
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 129-134
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The residences in which indoor ventilation is lacking are increasing due to the improvement of air-tightness. Reflecting this situation, the health damages by the indoor air pollution, such as sick house syndrome, have become one of the most serious social problems. Increase of the amount of ventilation is recommended for improving indoor air pollution. While replacing indoor air with outdoor one frequently has positive effects on indoor air pollution, it has negative effects on energy saving and global warming mitigation. Therefore, in order to take measures to prevent the health damages caused by indoor air pollution, it is necessary to assess rationally such a trade-off relation among various environmental issues. In this study, the effect of the ventilation on direct health damages by indoor air pollution, and on indirect damages by global warming and air pollution is evaluated quantitatively and integrally using LIME; Life-Cycle Impact Assessment Method of Endpoint modeling. Furthermore relation between the effectiveness of the improvement of indoor air pollution on health damages and internal / external expenses is examined. The result of assessment proves that ventilation is effective in both human health damages and total expenses. In particular, it becomes clear that the total of internal / external expenses becomes least when air change rate is about 0.5 times/h.
  • 谷本 潤, 相良 博喜
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 135-140
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
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    We deduced that it is possible to define the Dilemma substance in the so-called dilemma games by the fact, a cooperative strategy cannot be dominant. This simple but clear definition can provide a firm way to a quantitative evaluation for the dilemma intensity in order to compare other types of dilemma games, for example, between Chicken and Leader Game. On the pathway of our deductive discussion, two important concepts concerning the Pareto Least and a parameterized expression procedure for the game structure were presented. In particular, the latter concept seems to be quite breakthrough to overview holistic 2×2 game world including Prisoners Dilemma, Chicken, Stag Hunt, Leader and Hero Game. And a practical explanation going through 2×2 game was presented about what we defined as the dilemma substance seems to be plausible from the viewpoint of the Replicator Dynamics.
  • 北垣 亮馬, 兼松 学, 野口 貴文
    原稿種別: 本文
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. 141-148
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    A comprehensive model for wood flows in Japan based on the statistics points out inefficiency that a lot of domestic thinned woods are disposed in spite of the consumption of non-cyclic forest resources from foreign countries for domestic use. Moreover, the model explains that various recycled products made of woodchip would cause decay of flexibility receiving secondary woodchip into the flow. Therefore, new methodologies are required to assess building materials supporting flexibilities of material flows for a dynamic sustainable society as well as existing methods of environmental assessment such as CO2, wastes, and resource consumptions. In existing researches the concept of "a sustainable society" has usually represented "a static society", but a society dreaming of "much more sustainable society" is not necessarily static forever even if material flows look sustainable. In this paper, Aptitude items for a dynamic sustainable society are designed and their effectiveness has been confirmed for assessing wood materials to satisfy these requirements.
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. App71-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. Cover35-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    2005 年 70 巻 595 号 p. Cover36-
    発行日: 2005/09/30
    公開日: 2017/02/11
    ジャーナル フリー
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