日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
74 巻, 646 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
  • 小林 茂雄
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1269-1274
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study investigated characteristics of cafes that encourage or inhibit customers in using mobile phones while in the company of another person in the cafe. The principle results from an observational investigation, and an evaluation experiment is summarized as follows.
    From the investigation, it was found that the total usage rate of mobile phones for 30 seconds or more was 30.9%. The usage ratio when meeting people of the same sex was higher than the ratio when meeting people of the opposite sex. Men's usage rate was, in total, a little higher than women's. The usage rate of mobile phones was positively correlated with the horizontal plane illumination of cafes.
    From the evaluation experiment, in which images and sounds were presented to subjects, people showed less hesitation to reply to mail with their mobiles when the cafe was bright and crowded. Women meeting persons of the same sex tended to hesitate less when there was up-tempo background music. The reasons related to willingness to reply to mail were inferred as: concern for the companion, concern for surrounding people, concentration on the conversation with the companion, and operability of the mobile phone.
  • 山田 浩嗣, 宿谷 昌則
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1275-1281
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper discusses the relationship between forehead illuminance, brightness sensation and luminous comfort with respect to ambient electric lighting systems in living rooms. We asked 20 persons, from 25 to 60 years old, to record and report the lighting appliances they use, while at the same time to measure their exposed illuminance while they were at home in the evening. Their living rooms are mostly illuminated by one lamps on the ceiling and their luminous comfort levels were unrelated to exposed illuminance levels in the living rooms. We also investigated brightness sensation and luminous comfort of these persons in the experiment as the subjects in three experimental living rooms with different types of lighting. The subjects evaluated the experimental living room with direct lighting to be somewhat bright in comparison to the other rooms with indirect lighting. We also found that indirect lighting system with the aid of a task lamp could provide the subjects with sufficient brightness sensation and luminous comfort. These findings suggest that it is possible to design a luminous environment in living rooms with less electric power consumption than present lighting systems.
  • 金 政秀, 伊藤 浩士, 田辺 新一
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1283-1289
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to calculate future energy consumption in case new improvement glass facade design is adopted. At fast, glass facade buildings in Tokyo were investigated through the use of the architectural magazines. Questionnaire was consisted of glass facade detail survey. Total energy consumption figure calculated from PAL simulated by a heat and air transfer system simulation program for building and from total glass area. If increasing rate of glass area was small and“PAL=200”and“Efficient heat source system”were innovated, energy consumption from glass facade buildings was below the 2008 value. It was understood that beefing up the current standards drastically and innovating the method of thermal high-performance design of building facade were needed.
  • 飛田 国人, 松原 斎樹, 藏澄 美仁, 中谷 岳史, 島田 理良
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1291-1297
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The occupants' thermal sensation of the houses was investigated with the three different scales during winter. This paper discussed influence of the thermal sensation scale on the votes.
    The main results are as follows; 1) eighty eight percent of the occupants responded “acceptable”, despite 70% of the temperature data were out of the comfort range of ASHRAE Standard55, 2) there was a difference in distribution of the votes on each thermal sensation scale, 3) the neutral temperature was 16.3°C (ET*) by one 7-point thermal sensation scale, 9.9°C (ET*) by another scale and 21.2°C (ET*) by linear thermal sensation scale.
  • 夏季の札幌における大学研究室を事例として
    斉藤 雅也
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1299-1306
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    An experimental study on occupants' cognitive temperature scale for their environmental control behaviors was made in the university laboratories in summer in Sapporo. Their cognitive temperature scale is that they assumed the temperatures of the indoor air and the wall surfaces when they got into their office every morning. Their cognitive temperature scale is associated with the actual indoor temperature scale. The difference between the two of indoor air is minimize around 27 °C. Their thermal sensation is associated with their cognitive temperature scale more than the actual indoor temperature scale. On the other hand, there is significant difference between the two of the window surface against others. It suggests that for the occupants it is difficult to understand the thermal condition of window surface including the indoor-side blind. A group of a window surface temperature of 29 °C or higher on the average assumed window surface temperature up to 10 °C lower. In this group opening the windows and turning the fans in night time as their environmental control behaviors are not well-worked.
  • CFDによる建物近傍の汚染質拡散の予測精度に関する研究 その2
    富永 禎秀, 黒澤広大
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1307-1313
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purposes of this study are to confirm the accuracy of LES in modeling plume dispersion near and around a simple building model and to clarify the mechanism of the discrepancy in relation to the RANS computation. Simple LES modeling gives better results than RNG modeling of the distribution of concentration, although the difference for mean velocity is not so large. The horizontal diffusion of concentration is well reproduced by LES. This tendency is closely related to the reproduction of unsteady periodic fluctuation around the cube in LES.
  • 遠藤 智行, 倉渕 隆, 赤嶺 嘉彦, 大場 正昭, 鎌田 元康
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1315-1320
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    Anew procedure of cross-ventilation characteristic test of inflow opening based on local dynamic similarity model has been proposed. When cross-ventilation characteristic test of actual size opening is carried out by the traditional means, there is fear that it is made an incorrect evaluation by the blockage effect to cross-section of wind tunnel. Because an opening was set parallel to floor of wind tunnel, it could avoid the influence of blockage effect by the method in this paper. The relational equation between the dimensionless indoor pressure and discharge coefficient was derived from the characteristic tests of various openings by this method. The database of primary parameters for the equation of various openings was made out.
  • 菊田 弘輝, 今井 綾子, 羽山 広文, 絵内 正道
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1321-1327
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this study is to analyze water temperature setting of floor heating and cooling systems for one-story external insulated buildings of reinforced concrete as heating and cooling systems suitable for low-load buildings. If panel heating and cooling systems like these systems are adopted, time-space temperature variation is reduced by the effects of highly insulation and heat capacity on buildings, and become possible to form comfortable indoor thermal environment for children and elderly persons. In this paper, we examine the suggestion of control method and utilization of natural energy about floor heating using low-temperature hot-water or floor cooling using high-temperature cold-water.
  • -採涼手法の導入による温熱満足度の向上と作業効率および疲労への影響-
    羽田 正沖, 西原 直枝, 川口 玄, 田辺 新一
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1329-1337
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study was intended to evaluate the effects of improvement of thermal satisfaction on productivity by introducing cooling methods. Cooling methods used in this study were a desk fan, a mesh office chair and a fan-mounted shirt. The cooling effect of the methods was evaluated by a thermal manikin; and a subjective experiment was conducted in a climate chamber. The experimental conditions were: operative temperature at 25.5°C with suit, at 28.5°C with suit, at 28.5°C with lighter clothing ensemble, at 28.5°C with lighter clothing and a desk fan, and at 28.5°C with lighter clothing and all three cooling methods. Under the conditions with cooling methods, the subjects felt cooler, the thermal satisfaction was improved and their level of fatigue after task was lowered. The relationships obtained from the results of thermal satisfaction, fatigue and work performance suggested that the work performance was improved and the level of fatigue was lowered by improving thermal satisfaction of occupants.
  • 一ノ瀬 雅之, 井上 隆, 田宮 有見子
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1339-1345
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper presents the influences of the basic parameters on the responding performance of the automatic blind control system which is able to shade direct sunlight when shading is required and to allow for a view when shading is not required. From the results of investigation in office buildings with the advanced window system, the automatic blind control system is generally accepted, but the performance of responding to sudden changes of weather conditions is required. Based on the results, the influences of the basic parameters on the responding performance of the system are analyzed; that include the interval time of control, the method of determining the threshold value, the interruption control, the method of detecting direct sunlight, the method of judging cloudy weather. In the results of the analysis, the influences of the parameters are quantitatively assessed.
  • 伊藤 浩士, 米田 拓朗, 川田 康介, 金 政秀, 田辺 新一
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1347-1354
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this research, questionnaire survey to the architect and building service designer was carried out to pick out and to research the trend and design intent of glass facade buildings in Tokyo, and figure out advanced facade model. It was understood that glass facade building was increasing yearly and many designer was looking to the double skin facade. NETS simulation was run to calculate and compare PAL value of double skin facade by modeling of measured facades. As results of questionnaire and simulation, it was understood that the double skin facade with Low-e glass in its inner glass was one of the best facade model to achieve the target of design and thermal performance.
  • 菊田 弘輝, 畑中 壮大, 羽山 広文, 絵内 正道
    2009 年 74 巻 646 号 p. 1355-1362
    発行日: 2009/12/30
    公開日: 2010/04/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In cold regions, it is necessary to correspond to solar heat gain and heating load in winter in addition to solar radiation shading and cooling load in summer. Therefore, it becomes important to do the plan and design that should correspond to both high insulation of building and overuse of glasses. "Double skin (DS)" has attracted attention as architectural methods corresponding to these. The aims of this study are to show the influencing factor of shape, specification and control technique that are directly linked to thermal load reduction method of DS and to reveal the optimum design condition and the energy saving effect after we verified heat characteristic for DS in cold regions.
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