日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
75 巻, 650 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • 東京2地区と名古屋2地区の居住環境に対する住民の意識構造に関する研究
    畑中 美希, 久野 覚, 原田 昌幸
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 313-319
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper discussed the changes of relationship between the size of houses and evaluation to residential environment using surveys at each 2 areas in Tokyo in 1979, 1992, 1997 and in Nagoya in 1991, 1997, 2003. The data collected from housewives living in detached house were analyzed by Hayashi's third method of quantification. Main results were summarized as follows; Generally, inhabitants living large houses felt dissatisfied and uneasiness with outdoor environment, and ones living small houses with indoor environment. In difference among areas, inhabitants in Tokyo seemed to regard district natural environment as a part of facilities and in Nagoya regard that as a thing contrasting with artificial facilities. In the changes among investigated years, Kichijoji in Tokyo had no change. At Toshima area in Tokyo, the objects of dissatisfaction or uneasiness changed from district convenience to beautification and aesthetic aspects, and at two areas in Nagoya from district natural environment to district convenience.
  • 矢吹 信喜, 福田 知弘, 吉田 善博
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 321-329
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Crime prevention is an important issue in residential areas because the crime significantly influence on Quality of Life (QOL), especially at nighttime. The author paid much attention to the augmentation of“surveillance”and“territory”in Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED). In this research, new lighting methodologies were proposed to strengthen the“surveillance”and“territory”, deploying private outdoor lights and indoor lights from the gap of curtains with wireless sensor networks. To verify the proposed methods, the author executed the impression evaluation experiment, making a 3DCG model of a residential area, showing it to 33 people, and asking questions. The experiment showed that the proposed methods were effective.
  • 樋口 作夫, 羽山 広文, 絵内 正道
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 331-337
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    To use daylight for energy saving and reduction of CO2 emission, it is effective to use the altitude change of the sun for each season and time. This paper shows the proper condition and the effectiveness of a light guide louver set outside of a veranda fence. The effectiveness of the heat load and the indoor illuminance of a school classroom was evaluated in case when the condition of the slat angle and reflectance ratio is changed.
    From the result of numerical simulation, the effectiveness of the fence louver is shown as follows. 1) It is effective to place a fence louver although the improvement effect is minimal and there is a regional difference in the effectiveness. 2) It is suitable to tilt the slat angle 5-10 degrees downward to outdoor-side. In this condition, the louver leads the daylight into the room in the morning and evening of the winter season, and blocks the sunlight in summer. 3) The annual heat load decreases 2-5% when the louver that has 80% reflectance is set. 4) The hour less than 200lx of the indoor illuminance decreases 3-7 hours per month when the reflectance ratio is 80%.
  • 千野 聡子, 加藤 信介, 金 鐘訓, 徐 長厚
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 339-345
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Aim of this study is that it will be clarified the effects of odor emitted from building materials on perceived air quality. In this paper, odorous compounds from PVC floorings attached to the floor slabs are identified and characterized using gas chromatography -olfactometry (GC- O). The quantity and character of odorous chemical compounds from building materials differs. It is considered that the perceived air quality is affected by the chemical reaction in the building materials and moisture content of the building materials. And it is considered that the results of the evaluation using GC-O are affected panel's sensitivity of odor.
  • -韓国高層集合住宅の臭気対策に関する研究-
    張 江, 加藤 信介, 成 旻起, 千野 聡子, 金 鐘訓
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 347-353
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, complaints about indoor odors due to over-airtightness by residents living in high-rise residential building have been increasing. In this study, the odor dispersion from food in a house was estimated using CFD simulation by the result of an olfactory experiment as the first step to find countermeasures to reduce the influence on residents of the dispersion of indoor odors from food. As a representative Korean food for its strong smell, Cheonggukjang was used as the source. The threshold of the source was measured by an olfactory experiment using the triangle odor bag method and the flux rate of the source was calculated. Subsequently a steady-state CFD simulation for a unit model of a Korean high-rise residential building was carried out to evaluate the ventilation performance and the odor dispersion was estimated using the flux rate from the olfactory experiment. A new system for removing the indoor odor was considered as a measure for odor dispersion and evaluated using CFD simulation. This method could be applied for identifying and solving common odor problems not just the specific case.
  • 立川 智一, 西 宏章
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 355-362
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The estimation of the number of people is useful for various situations. In this paper, hybrid estimation method of the number of people in a room is proposed. This estimation method is achieved by using CO2 sensor and motion sensor. Adaptive adjusting method of hold time for motion sensor is also proposed for its self-calibration. Proposed method was implemented on an energy management system and evaluated in a classroom environment. This evaluation proves that proposed method can improve the precision from 0.9 in the previous method to 0.4 in the proposed method at the number of people.
  • 小南 和也, 高地 進, 小早川 香
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 363-369
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Based on the knowledge that is acquired through basic experiment, the authors made full-scaled oil-interceptor and used conventional gasoline engine oil to conduct experiment. As a result, it is proved that to make oil-interceptor which can maintain retention efficiency to fulfill effluent standard of sewerage is feasible. Besides, the authors made consideration regarding performance test method of oil-interceptor based on this result of the experiment.
  • 岩船 由美子, 西尾 健一郎
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 371-379
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Residential energy consumptions for space heating depends on climate conditions, floor areas, dwelling structures, thermal insulation performances, types of heating supply systems, inhabitant preferences. A standard indicator of space heating services independent of above conditions is advanced based on actual measurement values on 61 dwellings in Japan area on this paper. The indicator is calculated using average room temperatures during a space heating period, room floor areas and numbers of space heating days. A space heating efficiency in a dwelling can be analyzed by examining the correlation between the indicator and energy consumption. The dwellings having electric storage thermal heating systems or electric boilers consume larger energy for their space heating standards. An efficiency of a space heating by air conditioners cannot be observed in this study.
  • (その1)大規模改修時における環境配慮対策の現状に関するアンケート調査
    小峯 裕己, 坂口 淳, 新保 幸一, 岩下 剛, 上野 佳奈子, 中野 淳太
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 381-388
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The Japanese government has announced the policy to apply large-scale renovation to existing school facilities for anti-earthquake reinforcement. Schemes are being planned for simultaneous green renovation to improve environmental efficiency and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of classrooms. Questionnaire survey for 625 schools around the country was carried out to investigate the green techniques employed in current renovations in schools. Results showed that layout of the rooms was rarely changed to improve IEQ. Indoor finishing materials were often redone, and appropriate selections of materials could help improve acoustic and lighting environment. Increasing insulation was regarded unnecessary in many cases. Eco-glazing was uncommon despite the large area of windows in schools. Green curtains on exterior walls or biotopes were not popular, but their importance as educational resource needs to be emphasized. HVAC systems were either unprovided or inadequate. Opinions of teachers on IEQ of classrooms need to be reflected for planning green renovation.
  • 高 偉俊, 楊 涌文, 渡辺 俊行
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 389-395
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Distributed energy resources (DER) is taking an increasingly important role in today's open energy market. A DER system is a complex system utilizing a wide range of energy suppliers including combined heat and power (CHP) systems and renewable, such as photovoltaic and wind turbine. It has been expected to spread to increase the efficiency of energy consumption and to address global environmental problems. However, it will also result in more complex systems to design, operate and maintain. In order to realize high economical and energy-saving potentials of the DER system, it is necessary to determine its structure rationally by selecting some kinds of equipment from many alternative ones so that they match energy demand requirements for an objective user. It is also important to determine rationally the number and capacities of each kind of equipment selected, and the system's annual operating strategies corresponding to hourly variations in energy demands. In this paper, a model for structural and operational optimization of DER system is presented. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming where the objective is to minimize the overall cost of DER system. A simplex algorithm is employed to solve the problem because it can save a lot of computation time by eliminating unnecessary cases among every possible combination. In addition, an illustrative example is presented. The solution gives the DER structure, i.e., which and how many production units should be built as well as their capacity, together with cost performance.
  • 川西 利昌, 末田 優子
    2010 年 75 巻 650 号 p. 397-403
    発行日: 2010/04/30
    公開日: 2010/06/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The coastal region in the summer assembles a lot of persons. There are a lot of ocean structures such as resort hotels and sea cottages in the coastal region. The people who gather the coastal region are exposed high ultraviolet radiation. To estimate quantity of ultraviolet radiation's being exposed to human body correctly the building inside and outside, We must know transmittance and reflectance for the erythema action to have considered the sensitivity of the skin. So far, in the field of the clothing, the transmittance for the ultraviolet radiations of the erythema action was studied, but there were not researches at the building materials and there were not data which is possible to use at the architectural design. This research measured the diffusion spectral transmittance and reflectance of the building materials and the beach sands using a spectrometer. UPF and UPFR are calculated from the data. UPF is ultraviolet protection factor. UPFR is ultraviolet protection factor for reflection. The building materials could be clarified against ultraviolet radiation protection.
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