日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
78 巻, 688 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
  • -都市空間における圧迫感と開放感に関する研究 その3-
    邉 敬花, 吉澤 望, 宗方 淳, 古賀 誉章, 平手 小太郎
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 437-444
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study aims to ascertain the limits to which a solid angle can be used as an indicator for evaluating the senses of physical oppression and of openness in urban spaces. For that, a logistic regression analysis focusing on the street as a whole and the proportion by evaluating value was conducted by evaluating each criterion found through a logistic regression model to assess the limits of the effects of the solid angle. The allowable values for the sense of physical oppression are configured using a threshold if the sense of physical oppression is felt, but reconfiguration of the allowable values for the sense of openness is not necessary. Therefore, for those respondents who indicated that a sense of physical oppression exists, it appears that the limits of that allowable sense of physical oppression are as follows: using judgment of 75% of the evaluators, the rate of solid angles was 76%; using judgment of 50% of the evaluators, the rate of solid angles was 65%; and using judgment of 25% of the evaluators, the rate was 53%. Compared to the studies of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Spreiregen and Takei, those allowable values are more appropriate.
  • 古賀 誉章, 浅川 悠大, 李 麗珍, 岩瀬 桂子, 丸山 愛葉, 安齋 瑞穂, 佐野 奈緒子, 平手 小太郎
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 445-452
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    To clarify the factors that affect user's evaluation of the lighting environment on station platforms, we measured illuminances and subjective evaluations at 9 stations in Tokyo under low illuminance condition by power saving and under usual condition, after The Great East Japan Earthquake.
    As the result, it shows that users perceive the changes of illuminance between two conditions, and approve low illuminance conditions. And it is suggested that the evaluation about feelings is less influenced by the change of illuminance than the evaluation about brightness, and is influenced by other factors such as a form of lighting and a spatial form.
  • インタビュー調査と残響時間に着目した演奏評価実験
    中島 章博, 横山 栄, 辻村 壮平, 田中 亜美, 司馬 義英, 坂本 慎一
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 453-459
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    A musical practice room is a very important space for players to improve their skills. However, no architectural design guidelines for musical practice rooms exist in Japan, and the individual room is being designed based on the architect's intuition and experiences. In this study, the authors investigated the environmental performances of musical practice rooms using conjoint analysis and the appropriate reverberation for players by subjective experiments. As a result, degree of importance of the rooms was obtained and a clear tendency of preferable reverberation time dependent on the difference of types of the instruments was found.
  • -繊維系断熱材充填工法に対する要求性能-
    齋藤 宏昭, 三浦 尚志, 桑沢 保夫
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 461-470
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study focuses on impact of vapor proofing and airtightness on hygrothermal performance for wooden exterior walls. Partial air and moisture penetration into fibrous insulation layer of the wall were mainly addressed in terms of practical issue for the hygrothermal design. Laboratory experiments using wall assemblies with partial defects for vapor proofing such as outlet were implemented to better understand moisture distribution and air flow within the walls when pressure difference occurs between the indoor and the outdoor rooms. After a developed HAM analysis model was verified by the lab-experiments, long-term simulations were performed to clarify moisture accumulation within the wall under various climate conditions. The simulation results indicated that requirements of both the vapor proofing and the air tightness can be mitigated in mild climate regions. Additionally, the results showed that the partial defect at the top of walls causes the moisture accumulation.
  • 李 恩, 赤司 泰義, 住吉 大輔
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 471-480
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a new heating area, the heating energy consumption in Lhasa faces large-scale expansion. The field surveys show that the existing residential buildings use some elements of passive designs. However, the current condition does not satisfy the local people, it still needs improving. Residential building passive design strategy is one of the important steps for urban scale heating energy saving. The simulation models were established for in-depth understanding the relationship between building design factors and heating energy consumption. Three common unit layouts and the envelope thermal designs as windows type, window-wall ratio and external wall thermal resistance were studied. The combination and interaction of the design factors were analyzed. The result shows with proper design factors' combination, the heating energy consumption of apartment in Lhasa can be considerably reduced. The scenario of urban scale residential building of future Lhasa is described by forecasting the urban composing factors like population, household number, disposable income, living area and so on. With the scenario analysis, the passive design strategies were generated based on the results of passive design study. The effectiveness validation of the strategy shows that a deceleration of urban heating energy consumption growth with city developing can be achieved.
  • 浅沼 宏亮, 伊藤 一秀
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 481-487
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The indoor environment can play a significant role in the transmission of and exposure to various contaminants. In the case of some emerging aerial infections, such as those caused by influenza virus and tuberculosis virus, the airborne route of transmission is considered to be important for evaluating the health risk associated with exposure to contaminants in indoors. In this study, we focus on the coupled simulation of unsteady and non-uniform distribution of infectious contaminant concentration and transmission propagation, which directly indicates the infectious titer of target infectious contaminant and the changes in the population densities of Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Infectious (I), and Recovered (R) in a hospital space. Furthermore, improved exposure model that separated respiratory exposure and contact exposure is proposed in this study and the sensitivity analysis was executed. Especially, we report the prediction results of the time and spatial change in the infectious risk when the indoor environmental conditions in university hospital space, type of contaminant and prediction models are changed.
  • インターネット調査による地域・建築形態・築年数の検討
    八塚 春子, 井上 隆, 前 真之, 森 勇樹
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 489-496
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This report shows spread and use of the bathing facility, the thermal environment in the bathroom and undressing room, recognition of the heat shock based on the result of web questionnaire about bathing. For the person with a high recognition of the heat shock, measures were taken thorough the thermal environment of the bathroom, and the decrease in the temperature of the hot water was executed. It shows that it is possible to shift to the bathing method of the low energy and less body's stress by enlightment and improving the bathing person's consideration.
  • ルームエアコンの性能評価に関する研究 その1
    住吉 大輔, 荻野 登司, 三浦 尚志, 細井 昭憲, 澤地 孝男
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 497-505
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this research, the experiments to measure the actual performance of room air-conditioners were performed to make appropriate evaluation method of them. Results are as follows:
    1. Partial load rates of air-conditioners are very low; especially in the heating use there was a machine whose partial load rates are less than 10 % in 95% of the entire operating hours.
    2. COP in actual usage situation was lower than JIS experiment result in most of machines. This tendency was conspicuously appeared in heating.
    3. The evaluation approach that can evaluate the actual performance at the heating period and at the low partial load appropriately should be considered.
  • 空調用気化式加湿器のマイクロ波殺菌に関する研究 (その3)
    姜 允敬, 加藤 信介, 柳 宇
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 507-512
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    To assess possible application of microwave disinfection on evaporative humidifiers, we measured the germicidal effect of fungal spores Fusarium solani and the vegetative cells and bacteria spores Bacillus subtilis using a mock-up system. To find effective disinfection conditions for the humidifier element, the germicidal effects were compared to the water content of the element, the irradiation time and the output power. The germicidal effects of the humidifier element were compared with a front and rear surface. The results showed that the strains were inhibited at 1200 W for 20 min except for the B. subtilis spores when the water spray and blower were not operated. In summary, the germicidal effects appear to be stronger towards the upper part of an element than the bottom of the element, regardless of the element being dry or wet. The microwave irradiation shown uneven disinfection on the humidifier element faces for the spores F. solani or vegetative cells B. subtilis. To achieve uniform disinfection on the element, it is desirable to consider variations of these methods to produce a uniform heating pattern in the next study.
  • 事務所ビルのペリメータゾーンとインテリアゾーンの空調システムの熱特性に関する実験的研究 その1
    相楽 典泰, 前原 勝樹, 白石 靖幸
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 513-521
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thermal mixing loss increases energy consumption for HVAC systems caused by the air movement due to the simultaneous heating in the perimeter zones(PZ) and cooling in the interior zones(IZ) in an office space in winter. We conducted real scale experiments of a HVAC system composed of fan coil units for the PZ and an AHU system for the IZ, choosing some operating parameters to analyze the thermal characteristics of its losses. As a result, the following results were obtained:
    1. When the control setting values of room temperature for each of the two zones were selected to be different, the control performance got worse due to the stronger air movement between the two zones.
    2. The PMV (predicted mean vote) values for each zone were satisfactorily +0.5 to -0.5 under the conditions of the control setting values of room temperature; 24 °C for the IZ and 22 °C to 24 °C for the PZ. But the PMV values were below -0.5 under the conditions of those; 22 °C for the IZ and 24 °C for the PZ. The air temperature difference between ceiling and floor grew with the increase of mixing losses as the outdoor air temperature fell.
    3. The PZ heating loads grew as the losses increased and the outdoor temperature decreased, while the IZ cooling loads grew only as the losses increased.
    4. The losses were evaluated for energy saving using the newly defined “possible minimum loss” that shows the estimation of minimum loss if the most optimum operation could be achieved.
  • 住宅における床チャンバー空調の設計法に関する研究 その2
    井口 雅登, 野村 圭吾, 坂本 雄三
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 523-528
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper describes some results measured under cooling condition in the experimental residence that was equipped with an air-conditioning system using floor-chamber as shown on the Part 1. Horizontal temperature distribution was recognized in the floor chamber according to those results. Thermal load simulations are also described to develop a methodology for designing. The simulations were carried out by inputting those measured conditions in the existing program. Agreement between the measured results and the simulated ones is considerably good. Therefore it is verified that the simulation method is valid and useful in developing a methodology for designing this air-conditioning system.
  • 大橋 巧, 宮崎 正幸, 下田 吉之
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 529-536
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electricity demand control of the peak hour in a summer and winter has been an important issue after the occurrence of the East Japan Great Earthquake which occurred in March, 2011. In addition, reduction of annual energy consumption is important from the viewpoint of global warming prevention, and the effective conservation measure may not be in agreement. In this paper, electricity consumption of the science research facilities is surveyed and analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the effect of various energy conservation measures was evaluated in each purpose (reduction of summer peak electricity / reduction of winter peak electricity / reduction of annual electricity consumption).
  • 阿拉坦図雅 , 前田 潤
    2013 年 78 巻 688 号 p. 537-542
    発行日: 2013/06/30
    公開日: 2013/08/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Sunite right banner is one of the most ruined prairies by desertification and repeated drought in inner Mongolia in China. We studied six times from 2005 to 2012 and could survey 49 nomadic families in this area. In this article, it was summarized the damage ratios of live stock by food stock and by housing types (mud house,brick house,Ger and Compound) in each research years and was carried out statistical analysis. According to the results, we can find no significant difference in damage ratio by food stock and mud house was the highest of damage ratio and brick house was low tendency. Ger was higher damage ratio than brick in drought year, but was almost same damage ratio in other year. Most of nomadic herders think that traditional nomadic life is better than settled grazing.We must study various factors about housing types with drought damage more.
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