日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
79 巻, 702 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
  • 誘導灯及び案内標識の視認性
    藤井 皓介, 佐野 友紀, 大宮 喜文
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 639-648
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two experiments on the visibility of a direction sign and three emergency signs through fire smoke were carried out with subjects. In Japanese railway stations, direction signs, which are prescribed by rules of each railway company, and Emergency signs, which are prescribed by Fire Services Act, are installed. The emergency signs used in the experiments are an evacuation exit sign and two evacuation route signs. Smoke density, type of signs and yaw angles of the sign were changed in the experiments. Twenty subjects aged twenties were participated in the experiments. All subjects have normal sight. The experiments are planned with "Design of Experiment". As a result of statistical analysis with regression analysis, relational expressions of each sign about the visible distance, smoke density and yaw angles were derived.
  • お笑い劇場の利用者行動と顧客満足に関する研究 その2
    山本 杏子, 小島 隆矢
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 649-654
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study examines the classification of the user type and behavior in a comedy theater. First surveys were carried out for the classification of the user type and the comparison. Second surveys were carried out for the evaluation of the ease of behavior and the degree of action implementation of the environment around a comedy theater. The results are as followings: 1) Comedy theater users were classified into four types and user behavior is different by user type. 2) The ease of behavior and the degree of action implementation are different by each theater.
  • 山中 俊夫, 竹村 明久, 甲谷 寿史, 桃井 良尚, 相良 和伸, 永井 雄喜
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 655-662
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The object of this study is to make an olfactory model applicable to olfactory sensation. Firstly, the experiment was conducted to obtain the data of psychological response of odor intensity under the odor concentration with step change on time series. Ethyl acetate was used as the target odor. Secondly, the theoretical olfactory model based on the impulse response function is constructed. By regression analysis on the varying odor intensity, two parameters of the exponential response function are identified. Lastly, unsteady state variations of odor intensity are calculated under various conditions of varying odor concentration.
  • 木村 洋, 小峯 裕己, 飯泉 元気
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 663-669
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, use of deodorization equipment at garbage place in apartment buildings is increasing. However, its design method is not established due to lack of its test method and test data. Moreover, information on odor at the garbage place is lacking, and its source and ingredient is not clear. This study aims to establish the design method of deodorization equipment at garbage place. Odor at the garbage place is grasped, and the performance of the presently-used equipment was clarified by devised test method. The result showed that ozone deodorization equipment generally used is adequate to be positioned as complement to ventilation.
  • 過酸化水素H2O2の室内濃度分布予測と除染効果のモデル化 第1報
    田中 郁生, 辻 勇, 洞田 浩文, 伊藤 一秀
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 671-680
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Effective decontamination is essential and critical if indoor spaces are contaminated by various kinds of biological contaminants especially in hospital and health care facilities. Dissemination of vapor hydrogen peroxide is one of the effective ways to decontaminate biological contaminants in indoors. This study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method as a prediction tool for non-uniform distribution of vapor hydrogen peroxide in indoors and also the deposition/decomposition on wall surfaces. Here, CFD model incorporating reactive transport of vapor hydrogen peroxide was developed and sensitivity analyses were carried out to estimate surface concentration of vaporized hydrogen peroxide and decontamination efficiency.
  • 4床病室における汚染物質除去の検証
    山口 一, 川上 梨沙, 冨岡 一之, 大塚 俊裕, 町田 晃一, 中村 友久, 辻 裕次
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 681-688
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome and odor caused by indoor chemical substances have become a problem. In addition, energy-saving measures to control the outside air intake rate according to indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the number of occupants have received attention in recent years. However, attention is rarely paid to the increase in indoor chemical concentration due to the decrease in the outside air intake rate. To measure the concentrations of indoor chemical substances, such as formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOC), gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and other techniques need to be used and it is not easy to obtain measurements in a short time. Further, there are no systems capable of accurately monitoring the concentration of indoor chemical substances. To solve these problems, a simplified method of measuring the concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and odor using a semiconductor sensor was developed and the development results were presented in the previous report. This paper reports the evaluation results of the characteristics of semiconductor sensors installed in office building and ward with 4 patients, and the results of confirmation that the semiconductor sensors could be used for monitoring the concentration of chemical substance and the adequate regulation of ventilatory volume in the mockup of ward with 4 patients by the above monitoring result.
  • 山口 峻, 葛 隆生, 中村 靖
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 689-697
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors established a technique for measuring heating or cooling output from a heat pump air conditioning system by applying the refrigerant enthalpy method. In this paper, advantages of the technique and estimation process of the heating or cooling output are introduced. In addition, field experiment with a water source heat pump unit was carried out to validate the established technique. In the experiment, the refrigerant saturation temperatures at inlet and outlet of compressor and compressor frequency, which are estimated in the technique, are firstly verified by comparing to measured values. As the result of experiments, it is confirmed that the established technique have possibility of omitting foundation of the pressure sensors and the measurement of compressor's frequency in the technique. As the another results of experiments, the error of estimation values of heat quantity between the established technique and the conventional one is less than 5 % for cooling and 7 % for heating. Therefore, the technique for heat quantity measuring that the authors established has the potential to become the new measuring method for the heat pump air conditioning system.
  • 一様物体群のアスペクト比と密度が異なる場合に対するCanopyモデル係数設定法の提案
    今野 尚子, 小野 梓, 持田 灯, 丸山 敬, 萩島 理, 谷本 潤
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 699-707
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The final goal of this research is to develop a generalized canopy model describing the effects of obstacles with various configurations and densities, such as automobiles and pedestrians on wind environment and turbulent diffusion in urban areas. A series of wind tunnel experiments was carried out to measure wind velocity profiles and drag forces acting on five shapes of roughness elements with different densities. The two of them represented car shapes and the others represented human shapes. CFD predictions were conducted for the equivalent configurations as those implemented in wind tunnel tests. The numerical experiment was conducted by changing the coefficients of the developed canopy model. The model coefficients were optimized by comparing with the experimental data and a new method to determine the model coefficients and definitions of the shape factors applicable to various obstacles were proposed.
  • -2005~2009年の東京都小学校を対象にした研究-
    岩下 剛
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 709-714
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The data of accidents in the elementary schools in the ward areas of Tokyo, urban districts of Tokyo were linked with the penetration rate of lawned schoolyard of relevant areas in order to research the relation between accidents occurring at elementary schools and the lawn laying conditions. The data of accidents of elementary schools were obtained from the NAASH (National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health), and the period of analysis was set as 5 years from 2005 to 2009. The data of penetration rate of lawned schoolyard of relevant areas were obtained with questionnaire survey. While the penetration rate of lawned schoolyard of elementary schools in Tokyo metropolitan area was elevated from 2005 to 2009, the accident rate occurred on schoolyards in relevant area was decreased. The school accidents especially occurred during physical education, cocurricular sports club activity, and school events such as field day were significantly decreased. Considering sorts of injury, the school accidents of incised wound and sprain were significantly decreased. It was found that the accident rate in schoolyard was decreased especially under cool condition of 2-8 ℃ and moderate condition of 18-24 ℃. Lawn laying might have significant effects on diminution of accidents occurred on schoolyard.
  • -広島地域の全電化住宅を対象とした電力消費量に関する研究-
    八杉 克志, 西名 大作, 村川 三郎, 金田一 清香, 安藤 元気, 石田 正樹
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 715-723
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study is to clarify the operating conditions of two kinds of domestic electric appliances which are a washing machine and a clothes dryer installed in a bathroom. Based on the measurements of electric power consumption in the 100 electrified housing located in Hiroshima area, 39 washing machines and 35 clothing dryers were examined. The operating conditions of the appliances varied in the frequencies of operation, the operating hours and the starting time of operation. Especially, the conditions of the operation with drying function differed from those without drying function. The housing was classified into several clusters by the Cluster analysis based on the starting time of operation. Each cluster showed different tendencies on the operating conditions.
  • 磯貝 直人, 遠藤 智行
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 725-730
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this study, fundamental examination of the analysis technique based on chaos theory was carried out for the purpose of proposing the technique for evaluating the airflow characteristic of cross-ventilation airflow. The proposed techniques are Lyapunov spectrum analysis, maximum Lyapunov index, correlation dimension, the analogy method. These results were as follows; 1) From Lyapunov spectrum analysis and a correlation dimension, it can presume diffusion situation and cross-ventilation airflow pathway at the point of measurement etc. 2) From maximum Lyapunov index, significant differences were measured out by the difference of measurement points, therefore it can be said that it is analytical method that can indicate the strength of the "fluctuation". 3) From analogical method results, it is possible to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the airflow velocity variation by the prediction error.
  • 廊下空間におけるリーダ配置の違い による検出回数と精度の比較検証
    岩田 翔士, 松島 史朗, 竹中 司
    2014 年 79 巻 702 号 p. 731-737
    発行日: 2014/08/30
    公開日: 2014/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study is to apply positioning system to daily living spaces. This research focuses on ultrasonic sensor technology for positioning humans and things in an indoor space. The analysis is conducted by the comparison of different sensor layouts in daily space such as a corridor. Findings include; 1) the levels of accuracy and correct counts are affected by the sensor layouts, 2) the error of accuracy occurred by the reflection of ultrasonic near the wall area, 3) the direction of ultrasonic sensor tag is an effective element for better accuracy.
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