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原稿種別: 表紙
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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発行日: 1997/04/30
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原稿種別: 表紙
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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馬場 明生, 守 明子
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
1-6
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Particle reinforced cementitious mixtures with six maximum sizes of silica sand (No.3-8) and various water content ratios were prepared for clarifying the effects of the aggregate size on the flexural strength and the densification under extrusion moulding. The densities of mixtures at each moulding process were measured. No.6 silica sand of which maximum size was the most similar to standard sand obtained the highest flexural strength. It is also verified that total void ratio including water content to cement is effective for predicting the flexural strength of extruded cement mortar although the tendency of densifying is dependent on maximum size.
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藤田 吉夫, 石丸 麟太郎, 花井 重孝, 末永 保美
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
7-14
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In general, 37 degrees is applied for internal friction angle value (Φ) of concrete and 8〜10% value of compressive strength is for tensile strength value of it as well. However the theoretical solution of internal friction angle is calculated as 57.5 degrees by the equivalence that linear elastic theoretical solution of concrete split test is equivalent to wedge theoretical solution of it. We experimented on partial compression test of plain concrete for making sure of this fact As a result, it was proved that the test result well equal to wedge theoretical solutions at Φ=55 and Ft=0.05Fc.
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荒井 正直, 谷川 恭雄, 森 博嗣, 平岩 陸, 南部 禎士
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
15-22
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The authors have proposed a visco-elasto-plastic suspension element method using a non-continuum model to simulate dynamically the fracture behavior of concrete. In this paper, in order to investigate the applicability of this analytical method to the analysis of the fracture behavior of concrete, the axial compressive test and the tensile splitting test under high-speed loading using 2-D and 3-D model specimens of concrete are carried out The experimental and analytical results are compared, and it is confirmed that the fracture phenomenon of concrete under high-speed loading can be expressed numerically by this analytical method.
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武藤 正樹, 岡島 達雄, 河辺 伸二
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
23-28
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Today, it is an urgent necessity to improve on construction work. In the housing construction, it will not too long before new foundation method with pre-fabricated members is put into practical use. To estimate probable project construction cost helps us to evaluate of new foundation method. In this report, the construction cost of the foundation with precast concrete (Pca) members for detached housing was compared with current foundation method. The result of cost study shows preliminary estimate of some new foundation methods with Pca members, and shows economical utility of Pca pedestal method.
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村上 聖, 平居 孝之, 岸谷 孝一, 前田 孝一, 三井 宜之, 武田 浩二
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
29-36
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In this study, for purposes of clarifying the debonding behavior of glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC) permanent form in almost full-scale reinforced concrete beams, non-destructive inspection of the beams was conducted using a separation diagnostic device for tile mortar. The results showed that almost no spread of the separation was detected by the device until yielding load was reached, and that after the yielding a part of the GRC form which was completely separated form the cast-in-place concrete was formed around the cracks generated in the pure bending section between loading points, and the separation, making the part as its core, spread gradually over the neighboring areas. In addition, the validity of the above results obtained by the non-destructive inspection was verified by the outcome of visual observation of core samplings and surface bonding strength tests.
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高橋 宏樹, 磯田 信賢, 小野 英哲
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
37-41
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This is a fundamental study to present a relative evaluation method on hardness and unevenness of floor and road surfaces from the viewpoint of stability of footing. First, sensory tests were taken place to make a psychological scale with 22 floors constituted of various hardness and unevenness, and 20 healthy persons. Next, physical values of floors corresponded to the psychological scale were made. In this study, measuring method of the physical values was based on our former studies. Finally, the relationship between physical values and psychological scale, and the measuring method of physical values were presented as relative evaluation method.
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野津 剛, 田村 哲郎
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
43-49
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The objective of this study is to investigate applicabilities of the computational fluid technique to the wind resistant problems of buildings and structures. It is important for the evaluation of aerodynamic characteristics to grasp the unsteady behavior of separated flows and the vortex structures around a building. Therefore, we use the interpolation method on the staggered grid system. According to the previous computational examples for the fundamental flows, the predicted values by this method are in good agreement with those obtained by the spectral method. First, we calculate the rotating cone problem to estimate numerical errors of the interpolation method. Also we simulate the low-Reynolds-number flows around a rectangular cylinder with a section of various depth/breadth ratios. The upstream-shifted interpolation method is employed for the computation at higher Reynolds numbers. It is found that the present method can reasonably predict the flow patterns and aerodynamic characteristics of bluff cylinders within the limit of low-Reynolds-number flows, so the numerical scheme with high accuracy and conservation property is expecting for the wind resistant problems.
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宮本 裕司, 福岡 篤信, 安達 直人, 古山田 耕司
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
51-58
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Dynamic centrifuge tests were performed for a four-pile group foundation model embedded in saturated fine sand layers. The test results are compared with the analytical results by the numerical model which consists of beam elements and nonlinear interaction springs taking into account the effective stress. These test and analytical results indicate that pile bending moment is affected by the acceleration level and the wave form of input earthquake motion. Pile bending moment by the inertial interaction becomes smaller corresponding to the decrease in response acceleration of the structure but reaches a deeper part of the pile in liquefied soil. Pile bending moment by the kinematic interaction becomes larger at the boundary of soil layers and its contribution to the total pile bending moment increases with input acceleration level.
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林 康裕, 宮腰 淳一, 田村 和夫, 川瀬 博
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
59-66
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We developed a relationship between calculated peak ground velocities (PGV) and damage ratios of residential houses in the Chuo-ward, Kobe, during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nambu earthquake. Using the relationship, we evaluated the PGV distribution in the whole Hanshin area, and demonstrated that it corresponded to the PGV of observed records. The PGV was estimated to be more than 110 cm/sec in the damage belt. Finally, we discussed the records observed in an office building near the JR Kobe station and compared them with the PGV calculated from the damage ratio of houses. We concluded that the PGV of the record should be much smaller than that in the damage belt zone.
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加藤 史郎, 村田 賢, 佐藤 俊樹, 庄村 昌明
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
67-74
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The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic elasto-plastic buckling behaviors of single layered reticular domes. The domes are assumed to be under loadings that a static load proportional to its gravity is followed by a vertical step load with similar distribution of the static case. The analytical models are of about 190 meters span and two cases for 1.5 and 2.0 degrees are investigated for the subtended half angle of members. The nonlinear equations for elasto-plastic vibration of the domes are solved by Newmark's β method. Based on the results of dynamic behaviors are drawn the following conclusions ; (1)the dynamic buckling loads as the additional step load decreases almost linearly to the magnitude of the static load; (2)the differences of buckling loads between the elastic case and the elasto-plastic case are found large for domes with a subtended half angle greater than 1.5 degrees and as well as with a member slenderness less than 90 degrees; (3)in such cases of domes with real dimensions the buckling occurs in elasto-plastic region and the buckling loads are dependent on the yield strength of used materials.
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堀 昭夫, 笹川 明
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
75-81
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Materially and geometrically non-linear analysis of the tested models for a large space frame is presented based on one-dimensional finite element method. The analytical results have been confirmed to agree sufficiently with the experimental ones up to a large deformed state. Coupled chord bucklings and complicated collapsed states were simulated well. The analytical results of the partial models have shown that coupled buckling between several chords appears asymmetric because of the difference of axial forces allowed by adjacent members. Except for whole buckling-like phenomena, it is possible to analyze a large and complicated space frame with elasto-plastic coupled bucklings up to a large deformed state.
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宮村 倫司, 半谷 裕彦
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
83-90
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The problem of circular stretched membranes under inplane torsion is a typical example in studying wrinkling on membrane structures. In this paper experiments of the example are carried out. A feature of the experiment is that both isotropic polyester films and orthotropic coated fabrics are treated, since membranes used in spatial architectures are usually orthotropic. Few studies on wrinkling on orthotropic membranes can be found. Another feature of the experiment is that stresses in the wrinkled membranes are measured. For that purpose, first a method for measuring stresses in thin membranes is presented. Second stresses in the wrinkled circular membranes are measured by using the method, and finally principal stresses are obtained. The results show that (1)there are no compressive stresses in the wrinkled membranes, (2)directions of tensile principal stresses almost coincide with directions of wrinkles, and (3)in the coated fabrics, these two kinds of directions almost coincide with directions of fabrics. Photos of wrinkles on various kinds of membranes are also shown.
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宮村 倫司, 半谷 裕彦
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
91-98
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In this paper finite element analyses of wrinkling on membranes are carried out, and the results are compared with the results of our experiments. An illustrative example is stretched circular membrane under inplane torsion, which is a classical problem in the study of wrinkling. Wrinkling is considered as a bifurcation phenomenon. It is analyzed by using four-node membrane finite elements considering geometrical nonlineality. Both isotropic and orthotropic membranes are treated. Membranes are assumed to be elastic. Formulation of the element, a method of introducing initial stresses and a method of bifurcation analysis are shown. First computations for several kinds of shear modulus are carried out and shapes of wrinkles and stress fields are compared. Second computations corresponding to the experiments are carried out. Principal stresses in wrinkling fields and shapes of wrinkles obtained by the analyses and the experiments show good agreement. However, details of the shapes are a little different, since in the analyses the fineness of a finite element mesh is not sufficient.
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中島 正愛, 吉良 圭史, 辻 文三
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
99-105
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This paper presents a simple procedure to obtain variation of plastic rotation demand for a given energy to be dissipated by a structural system. Plastic rotations of individual plastic hinges are computed as the sum of the rotations to be given before the system reaches its failure mechanism and the rotations to be given during the rigid body motion, and their variation is estimated from the first order approximation. It is found that (1)the proposed procedure is effective when the energy demand is not large and (2)the variation of plastic rotation demand increases when various failure modes are likely to occur and when larger energy demand is specified. It is pointed out that to ensure the failure mechanism specified in design is the key to control the plastic rotation demand.
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高橋 泰彦, 品部 祐児
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
107-114
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Steel shear wall and link of eccentric braces are used as shear yielding seismic elements. However, there was little knowlege concerning shear force-shear deformation characteristics of thin steel plates up to their collapse state, and a series of shear loading tests of thin steel plate surrounded by vertical and horizontal stiffeners, were conducted within the parameters of both steel materials and width-to-thickness ratios. On the basis of the test results, three models of restoring force characteristics and some practical recommendations for designing the seismic elements that have stable behavior are proposed.
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上谷 宏二, 荒木 慶一, 西本 信哉
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
115-122
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It is known that, when a column element is subjected to completely reversed cyclic bending under a constant axial force, the hysteretic behavior of its axial strain is classified into two classes: one is convergent behavior to a steady state and the other, divergent behavior. In this paper, based on the steady-state limit theory, the critical amplitude of curvature, which bounds the two classes of the axial strain behavior, is found as a steady-state limit. The steady-state limit is predicted as the first limit point of the steady-state path, which represents the sequence of steady states generated under monotonically and continuously increased curvature amplitude.
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宇野 暢芳, 井上 一朗, 志村 保美, 脇山 広三
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
123-128
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For developing high-strength bolted friction joints with much higher friction coefficients than conventional ones, friction mechanisms are studied first and then based on the mechanisms, conditions for realizing high friction coefficients should be clarified. Friction coefficients between steels with different hardness are discussed in this paper. First, failure modes on the friction surface are examined theoretically and a new friction theory is established. This theory provides that friction coefficients depend on the following factors : shapes and angles of surface projection of the steel with higher hardness, hardness ratio of harder steel to softer one and stress ratio of compression stress on friction surface to tensile strength of softer steel. A friction coefficient of 1.2 becomes possible from the new provided friction theory. Second, slip tests are conducted by changing the factors mentioned above. The results of these tests show that the theoretical consideration is true. Actual friction coefficients of more than 1.2 and slip coefficients of more than 1.0 are provided if specimens meet the theoretical conditions for achieving high friction coefficients.
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桑村 仁, 松本 由香, 武谷 政國
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
129-136
発行日: 1997/04/30
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It has been pointed out in this decade that the currently used thick cold-formed box-section columns in building frames may fail in the mode of brittle fracture instead of local buckling, and that their ductility preceding brittle fracture may not be enough to resist a severe earthquake. In order to solve this problem, hot-rolled box-columns have been recently developed, in that the forming is done at high temperature to avoid cold working. In this study, the ultimate behaviors of the box-columns having through diaphragms, which is the current practice in building steel construction, were experimentally investigated. It was found that the newly developed hot-rolled box-columns exhibit much higher ductility than the conventional cold-rolled box-columns when the ultimate state is governed by brittle fracture as well as by local buckling.
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松井 千秋, 津田 惠吾, 尾崎 功, 石橋 靖夫
原稿種別: 本文
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
137-144
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Concrete filled steel square and circular tubular columns were tested under concentric and eccentric axial force. As the experimental parameters, the buckling length-section depth ratio Lk/D and magnitude of eccentricity e are selected. Strength and behavior are examined and elasto-plastic analyses are performed to predict the maximum strength and the load-deflection relations. AIJ design method for slender composite columns subjected to axial force and bending moment are examined. The conclusions are as follows: 1)AIJ design method for slender concrete filled steel tubular columns is so conservative. 2)Experimental maximum loads of columns are well predicted by the presented analysis.
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1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
App21-
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原稿種別: 表紙
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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原稿種別: 表紙
1997 年 62 巻 494 号 p.
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