Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ)
Online ISSN : 1881-8153
Print ISSN : 1340-4202
ISSN-L : 1340-4202
Volume 63, Issue 504
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages Cover5-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages Cover6-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages App6-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages App7-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages App8-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages App9-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages App10-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Takamasa MIKAMI, Satoshi KAMISAWA, Eiji SAKAI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 1-6
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    In this study, the relation between concrete strength and property of macro-void is investigated by testing mortar and concrete specimens containing various combination of artificial void in them. The shapes of macro-void in the experiment are sphere, circle disk and oval disk. As a result, the estimate strength obtained from the following equation showed adequate correlation with the measured strength. Fc/Fc_0=exp(a Az), where Fc/Fc_0 : relative strength of concrete, Az : maximum ratio of projected sectional area of void, a:constant.
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  • Noboru YUASA, Yoshio KASAI, Isamu MATSUI, Yoshio HENMI, Hirokazu SATOH
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 7-13
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Pore structure and moisture content of concrete slabs with different water-cement ratio and drying conditions were studied to find the appropriate curing conditions for floor finishings. Decrease of moisture content of concrete within 2.5 cm from the drying surface was conspicuous and a portion 0.5 cm below the surface reached 2.5% within 14 days whereas a portion deeper than 7.5 cm was almost unchanged after the self desication was matured. The densification of pore structure owing to the hydration of cement was possible when a finishing was applied at the age of 1 day, whereas no densification was observed leaving coarse pores due to an insufficient hydration when a finishing was applied after 3 days. In order to solve an incompatibility for a concrete slab to assure sufficient hydration for strength and durability and sufficient drying as a substratum of finishings, it is recommended to have a moist curing for 7 days after placing followed by a drying.
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  • Tetsuro TAMURA, Yoshiaki ITOH
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 15-21
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The unsteady three-dimensional flows around an oscillating rectangular cylinder are numerically simulated by means of the direct finite difference method without any turbulence model. We deal with a rectangular cylinder with D/B=2 as a computational model, which is elastically mounted in heaving mode in uniform flows. The effects of various dynamic parameters such as mass ratio, damping factor or the Scruton number, on aeroelastic instabilities of vortex-induced oscillations and gallopings are individually investigated. It is obtained that the frequency of galloping oscillation is shifted in low mass ratio, as a result the response becomes larger.
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  • Kiyoto SHIOYA, Jun KANDA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 23-28
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The tall, light, flexible buildings may have large oscillating motions induced by wind or other causes that affect the comfort of the occupants. The purpose of present study is to propose the probability-based design criteria associated with human comfort that is applied for serviceability limit state design. The design criteria was proposed based on the subjective perception test. The guideline for evaluating the acceptability of wind-induced tall buildings motions was defined by the expected value and coefficient of variance (COV) of motion perception acceleration. The probability distribution of motion perception was assumed to be lognormal. The guideline is applied to average value of peak acceleration in one-year. The human comfort of existing 25 tall buildings in Japan were evaluated based on serviceability limit state design using the motion perception index b. According to these evaluation, it is found that the proposed criteria is appropriate comparing with existing criteria for limiting discomforting building motions. The motion perception index β corresponds to the AIJ guidelines when β=0 and H-4, β=1 and H-3, β=2 and H-2 are assumed to be equivalent.
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  • Yoshio FUKADA, Yutaka ISOZAKI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 29-36
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    This paper presents the elastic-plastic earthquake response analytical method using equivalent vibration model for aseismic design of high-rise building composed by super-structure frame. This equivalent vibration model is set up based on the results of rigorous elastic-plastic static analysis. The authors present how to make the equivalent vibration model and decide its skeleton curve. The elastic-plastic earthquake response analytical results of this newly developed model are compared with the results of the rigorous earthquake response analysis. Finally, it is clarified that this proposed model is very adequate and effective to investigate earthquake response characteristics of superstructure frame.
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  • Kazunori ITAKURA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 37-41
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    This paper presents numerical results of the free vibration analysis for thin skewed simple supported plates by using the 3-D Rayleigh-Ritz method. The strain-displacement relations of the skewed plate are based on the 3-D elasticity theory with skew coordinates and skew displacements. The simple support condition is assumed partial simple support in the direction of the thickness at the edges. As a result, the normal and shear stresses occurs at the boundaries, and the natural frequences changes. The comparison shows the method presented in this paper to be useful for analyzing the free vibration of thin skewed plates having partial simple support in the direction of the thickness at the edges. The effects of skew angles and partial simple support of plates on the free vibratory characteristics of the thin skewed plates are also investigated.
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  • Yoshihiro KITADA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 43-48
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    This paper addresses the use of wavelets for the identification of nonlinear structural dynamic systems. The proposed method accurately determines hysteresis curves and damping coefficients of the structural system without pre-assumptions of nonlinear characteristics of the system, whereby it enables clarification of the complex phenomena. In this method, incremental stiffness of the structural system is expressed as a series expansion of wavelets. Coefficients of the series are estimated by the least-squares method. This method has been applied to a variety of problems, which show the effectiveness of the method.
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  • Shin-ichiro TAKANO, Yuzuru YASUI, Michio IGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 49-56
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Point load solutions on layered fluid-filled poroelastic soil are derived by thin layered element method using the formulation for transmitting boundary. Ground motions to point load excitations and compliances of circular foundation on fluid-filled poroelastic half-space are compared to verify the presented derivation with those of previous studies. The effect of layered fluid-filled poroelastic soil on impedances of plate foundation, as well as the effect of permeability, are discussed.
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  • Kei ONOZATO, Yoshihiro SUGIMURA, Hideyuki KANNO
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 57-64
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The analysis using GIS was applied to find out the causes of the damaged houses due to the 1993 Kushiro-oki earthquake on the residential fill land in the eastern part of Kushiro city. The factors such as distance from boundary of cut and fill, thickness of cutting or filling, original angle of slope under fills, i.e., before artificial change of topography and height of cliff were chosen and compared with the grade of damage such as total collapse, partial collapse and so on. The results through the analysis are summarized as follows. 1) Almost all heavily damaged houses are located on filled sites rather than on cutted sites. 2) The thickness of fills and the original angle of slope under fills are principal factors causing damage of houses. 3) Conclusions above 1 and 2 are pointed out more clearly through discriminant analysis which shows the significant correlation between the selected factors and damage of houses.
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  • Hiroshi SAKURAI, Yasuhiko HANGAI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 65-72
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    There are observability and controllability problems for anti-symmetrical vibration modes of simply supported shells with single-piece symmetrically or fully distributed piezoelectric sensors and actuators. One method of overcoming this problem is to segment the distributed piezoelectric sensor and actuator into a number of sub-regions. In the present paper, the sensing and vibration control of elastic shells with top segmented distributed piezoelectric sensors and bottom segmented distributed piezoelectric actuators is investigated. A "laminated piezoelectric shell element" by the finite element method is formulated and the efficiency of segmented distributed sensors and actuators is verified.
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  • Ken-ichi ISO
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 73-80
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    This paper describes the bond characteristics of outer-shell reinforced concrete members with continuous cotters at the precast joints. The results of the pull-out tests are summarized as follows. (1) The bond splitting strength of outer-shell member was increased as the ratio of cotter area. (2) The bond capacities of outer-shell members, when the ratio was beyond 60%, were as same as those of monolithic members. (3) A proposed equation of the bond splitting strength shows a good agreement with the test results.
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  • Toshinaga WADA, Ryuji SATO, Chiharu ISHIKAWA, Masaiki UEDA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 81-86
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Four series of experiments are performed using each five concrete specimens, in which cracks are introduced by tension, splitting, bending moment and shear force. These crack surfaces are measured to take its 3-dimensional images by laser beam setup. And then these images are analyzed with the 2-dimensional crack shape method. Appropriately the results show that 1) Crack by tension and crack by splitting have a similar tendency toward incline and depth of the surface, 2) Crack by bending moment and crack by shear force have a deeper crack band than that by tension or splitting
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  • Atsuhide HASHIMOTO, Hirokazu IMAI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 87-94
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Accelerated delayed fracture tests were carried out on the subject of the ultra high strength bolts in number of 1480. Experimental parameters were 8 kinds of metal materials and 6 kinds of strength level as well as shape of thread. Each test bolt was inserted into the test cylinder and loaded. The cylinder was coated by epoxy resin to eliminate corrosion, further it has load cell function putting the wire strain gages on both sides. The loaded assemblies were exposed to alternate immersion cycle in sulfuric acid solution accomplished by subjecting the specimens to the solution for period of 10 minutes per hour, followed by drying in air for a period of 50 minutes. We got conclusions as follows, the development of cracks or failures of bolts were caused mainly by tempering temperature, which was able to be related to carbon equivalent value of bolts material. On the other hand, the effect of shape of thread and bolts strength level accordance with the quality of the material and tempering temperature, themselves were of secondary importance.
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  • Toshiro SUZUKI, Kikuo IKARASHI, Takeshi AZUMA, Keiichi SATSUKAWA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 95-101
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Recently, beams with large depth-thickness ratio are used. As a result, a rank of slenderness ratio of plate elements constituting beam may be different greatly. In this study, the large deformation behavior of high strength steel beams with large depth-thickness ratio is examined. As a result, beams with stocky flange plate have enough plastic deformation capacity, however these beam have thin web plate. So these beams may be used as plastic design beams. In such beam, constitution plate elements do not collapse simultaneously, collapse at intervals. Because plate elements give restriction action mutually, that plastic deformation capacity of beam becomes large.
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  • Chiaki MATSUI, Keigo TSUDA, Yujiro YAMAJI, Takashi FUJINAGA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 103-110
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The objectives is to study the strength and behavior of concrete filled steel square tubular columns subjected to constant compressive load and repeated bending. As the test parameter, width-thickness ratio of steel tube, axial load ratio on a column and existence of filled concrete are selected. Total thirty-six concrete filled steel tubular columns are tested. From the test results, inelastic behavior, maximum strength, energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity are discussed. We have shown relations between axial load ratio and critical rotation angle of a column.
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  • Akihiko KAWANO, Chiaki MATSUI, Takashi DAIDOUJI, Yuichiro OGAWA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 111-117
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The objective of this study is to present a method for predicting the energy dissipation capacity in concrete-filled rectangular tubular members (CFRT members) under cyclic axial loads. A test of total thirty seven specimens is carried out in order to establish a failure rule in cyclic local bucklings in CFRT members, on which the prediction method is based. The prediction by the proposed method reveals that the dissipated energy in CFRT members can be predicted with a good accuracy, although it is fairly smaller than that in concrete-filled circular tubular members (CFT members).
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  • Gongyi FU, Koji MORITA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 119-125
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The estimation formulae of the local plastic and ultimate strengths of the connection between steel beam flange and concrete filled circular tube column are proposed based on the yield line theory. The out-of-plane moment and punching shear yield lines are assumed in steel tube, and the in-plane yield lines in through diaphragm are assumed. The cruciform model tests were carried out to investigate the structural behaviours with experimental variables of connection type, loading type, diameter-to-thickness ratio of steel tube and tube diameter-to-beam width ratio. The estimated local plastic and ultimate strengths agree with experimental results regardless of the experimental variables.
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  • Haruyuki KITAMURA, Takayuki TERAMOTO, Kunio UKAI, Katsuhide MURAKAMI, ...
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 127-132
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake damaged a great amount of buildings in a various extent, seriously to slightly. We investigated 22 such buildings mainly located in or in the vicinity of the Sannomiya, Central district of Kobe city, where the seismic intensity (JMA) was estimated as VII. The New Seismic Design Method as well as the Seismic Assessments Method for existing reinforced concrete buildings and steel reinforced concrete buildings are applied to such buildings. Using these methods, their Structural Coefficient D_s and the Structural Aseismitic Index I_s are obtained. In general, the structural aseismitic performance is evaluated through the comparisons between the D_s and I_s value with the certain standard value for each of them. In this paper, we have tried to examine these standards by referring them to the corresponding extent of the earthquake damages.
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  • Shuichi ASAYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 133-139
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    This paper describes the geometric characteristics of fractal triangles constituting truss structures. Next, geometric images of them are generated on a graphic display using IFS code and chaos algorithm. They are converted into data files of a 3D CAD system which are normally described by Euclidian geometry and then, more realistic images of architectures are drawn by humans and computers. Subsequently, the authors present design examples of a gymnasium and a library based on the images. The former has frameworks constituting Sierpinski triangles and the later has those whose fractal dimension is the same with the bamboo's acquired by box-counting. Finally, they conclude that it is possible to create architectural configurations which have the same geometric system with those of nature, such as botany, clouds and coastlines.
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  • Jun KANDA
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 141-142
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    Two classes of load models with different level of intensity were proposed in the paper for the limit state design. The writer raises a fundamental question on the meaning of dividing load intensity maxima into two classes. In particular the load model for the serviceability limit state of relatively higher occurrence rate consists of only lower class intensity load events. Then the reliability index based on the lower class model becomes a rather hypothetical value as the higher class intensity events are excluded. Such irrationality may suggest that two class model is inappropriate to be used in the limit state design.
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  • Jun SAKAMOTO, Yasuhiro MORI
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages 143-144
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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    The point of the discussion made by Dr. Kanda on the classification of design load into two classes is whether the ultimate and serviceability limit states are considered separately during the design stage. In the current deterministic design method, two levels of design load are determined separately. Under the principle of this method, the serviceability limit state is exceeded with probability 1.0 when the ultimate limit state is exceeded, and the thresholds of these two limit states and the event of exceedence are considered separately. It is reasonable for the probability-based design method to be based on the same principle for the smooth transition from the deterministic design method.
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  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages Cover7-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 63 Issue 504 Pages Cover8-
    Published: February 28, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: February 02, 2017
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