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原稿種別: 表紙
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
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発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 表紙
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
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発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
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発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
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発行日: 2000/02/28
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
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発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
App10-
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
App11-
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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平岩 陸, 谷川 恭雄, 森 博嗣, 川戸 耕介
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
1-6
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The authors have proposed a visco-elasto-plastic suspension element method (VEPSEM) with a non-continuum model to simulate dynamically the failure behavior of concrete. In this paper, in order to investigate .the applicability of this analytical method under various conditions, the numerical simulation of concrete reinforced by hoops was carried out. As the results, the effects of hoops on strength and deformation behavior of concrete can be expressed qualitatively, and the difference between the failure mechanism of plain concrete and that of confined concrete can be explained by this analytical method.
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橘高 義典, 高橋 仁智, 吉岡 昌洋
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
7-11
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The fracture properties of high-strength light-weight aerated fiber reinforced concrete (HLAFRC) were investigated. Optimum mixing condition of HLAFRC which consists of the high-strength paste matrix, the short cut fiber, the entrained air and the artificial light-weight aggregate, was clarified. Three-point bending tests on pre-notched beam specimen of HLAFRC were performed. Fracture parameters of specimen were analyzed based on the poly-linear approximation analysis of tension softening diagram by using the data of a load-load point displacement curve. In this investigation, very ductile concrete of about 1 specific gravity with 20 MPa compressive strength was obtained. The compressive strength and fracture energy of HLAFRC decreased with increase of the volume content of entrained air. The toughness of HLAFRC was significantly improved by mixing short cut fibers.
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三島 直生, 谷川 恭雄, 森 博嗣, 黒川 善幸, 寺田 謙一, 服部 俊範
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
13-19
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In this study, the shear box test was carried out by using saturated sand and fresh mortar in order to grasp the rheological properties of them. As the results, it was concluded that shear stress in dense suspension increases with increasing of shear strain, because of the disappearance of excess pore water pressure with liquefaction and the decrease of pore water pressure by dilatancy. From the experimental results obtained by using saturated sand, the coefficient of dynamic internal friction was obtained, which is needed to express the flow behavior of saturated sand. From the experimental results obtained by using fresh mortar, it was clarified that only a part of high-fluidity mortar can be expressed by Bingham's model.
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田中 享二, 香川 英司, 宮内 博之
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
21-26
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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To make a good car deck waterproofing system, it is needed at design stage the information on the performance to resist to frequent traffic. Investigations for actual ones were first carried out, and two damages such as abrasion and exfoliation of membranes were observed as characteristic failure by traffic. A test apparatus to produce such damages was then developed, and some car deck waterproofing membranes were tested. The damages produced by the apparatus were quite similar to those observed in actual membranes, and the apparatus is considered to be useful to estimate the performance of them to resist to traffic.
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西川 忠, 平野 彰彦, 鎌田 英治
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
27-32
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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On the thermography method, inspectors distinguish the removed part of the exterior wall finish, from difference of temperature between the removed parts and the sound parts on the thermograph. However, temperature difference occur by the several factors except the removement of finish. And depending on the inspection condition, enough temperature difference isn't gotten between the removed part and the sound part. The purpose of this study is to improve the precision to distinguish the removed part, by the subtraction processing between multi-thermograph in the different time. The author experimented using the examination walls and the real buildings. As the result, by using the thermographs which subtracted in the night or the early morning from the thermographs in the daytime, precision of distinction was improved. Also, when indoors was heating, the influence of heating temperature could be removed from the thermograph to subtract the thermographs in the sunless time from the thermographs in the time when the wall receive solar radiation. By using a subtracted thermographs, necessary temperature difference became 0.3℃ on the northern wall, and 0.5℃ on the other direction walls, to distinguish between the removed parts.
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小野 英哲, 井戸川 純子, 高橋 宏樹
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
33-38
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The purpose of this paper is to present a relative evaluation method of slipperiness of flat and inclined floors and pavements from a viewpoint of straight mobility of wheelchairs. First, scales of the mobility were made by sensory test in which a wheelchair was used to run on various samples. Then, slip-resistance values of samples were measured respectively with an apparatus developed by authors in former research, an evaluation index was proposed to correspond to scales. Consequently, the relative evaluation method of slipperiness of flat and inclined floors and pavements from the viewpoint of straight mobility of wheelchairs was presented.
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横山 裕, 伊藤 仁洋, 高橋 宏樹, 小野 英哲
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
39-46
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The purpose of this study is to present the lower criterion of C.S.R not to slip at landing when people step on the slippery surface without the knowledge of the slipperiness changing. In this paper, at first, we developed "Landing Slip Meter" which simulated the landing load while natural or fast walking. Next, using the meter, we measured load-time curve with various floors and substances adhered to floors, and judged that the slip would occur or not from the load-time curve. Finally, from the relationship between the result of the judgment and C.S.R, we presents the lower criterion of C.S.R.
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三上 貴正, 天野 真二, 渡会 奈由香, 坂井 映二
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
47-52
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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Tactile warning blocks are becoming so popular nowadays that they vary widely in material, shape and disposition of convex parts. Their placing conditions are also inconsistent in many locations. Consequently the circumstances are causing more and more perceptional confusion of visually disabled persons. In this paper, we studied tactile perceptability of floor samples including several types of tactile warning blocks under various placing conditions, for the purpose of standardization of tactile warning blocks and thier placing rules.
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高倉 政寛, 千葉 隆弘, 伊東 敏幸, 苫米地 司
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
53-57
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In this study, we examined the reliability of a method for evaluating snow load on a pitched roof that takes into account the occurrence of snow sliding. Data on the properties of adfreezing resistance and frictional resistance, the main resistant forces that determine the occurrence of snow sliding, were summarized from various previous reports. Based on these data, indoor and outdoor experiments were performed. The following results were obtained. 1) The degree of frictional resistance depends on the size of the snow particles. Frictional resistance decreases from about the fifth day after snow has accumulated on the roof, when the snow particles are 1〜2 mm in diameter (granular snow). 2) Changes in adfreezing resistance depend on changes in atmospheric temperature. There is no adfreezing resistance when the atmospheric temperature rises above the melting point of ice. Based on the data of these two resistant forces, we calculated the number of days required for snow sliding to occur. Changes in atmospheric temperature and the natural rate of snow granulation were used as indices in the calculation. By using our method of calculation, we were able to clarify the number of days required for snow sliding to occur on a building with a pitched roof, indicating that it is possible to design a building for which snow load can be controlled.
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山下 忠道, 向井 洋一, 井上 豊
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
59-66
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In this paper, inelastic seismic behaviors of "stiffness and strength" asymmetric frame structures are investigated. The effectiveness and importance of "high ductility" design for asymmetric structures are emphasized to reduce dispersion of structural response caused by eccentricity. Comparative studies by using various kinds of asymmetric frame models which make different values of "maximum ductility factor response" are executed through numerical simulations. Analytical procedures are operated by extraction of each hysteretic model according to each value of maximum ductility factor response which is targeted on the frame model. Various cases of maximum ductility factor response are evaluated. As a result, it is assured that high performance of energy absorption is operated by introducing high ductility efficiency to asymmetric frame model.
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曽田 五月也, 高橋 雄司
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
67-73
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The first part of this paper outlines mechanical properties of a yiscofilastic damper (VED) which are temperature- and frequency-dependent. The second part deals with an analytical method for quantifying damping capacity of a building with the VEDs which are represented by generalized Maxwell models. It has been shown that the damping effect depends on the stiffness of members to support the damper, and that there is an optimum amount of the damper to provide the structure with the maximum damping factor. The third part is to present the availability of the VEDs to assure the ultimate stability of buildings for even quite intense ground motions.
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中村 充, 竹脇 出, 安井 譲, 上谷 宏二
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
75-82
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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A new method of stiffness-damping simultaneous identification of building structures is proposed using limited earthquake records. It is shown that when horizontal accelerations are recorded at the upper and lower floors of a specific story in a shear building model, the story stiffness and the damping ratio can be identified uniquely. The viscous damping coefficient and the linear hysteretic damping ratio can also be identified in a numerical model structure. The accuracy of the present identification method is investigated through the actual limited earthquake records in a base-isolated building.
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高木 政美, 藤井 俊二, 曽田 五月也
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
83-90
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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Vibration isolation systems for buildings using helical spring units and viscoelastic dampers with viscous liquids can reduce vibration and structure borne noise effectively in buildings near traffic facilities. To study the applicability of this system in seismic areas, especially Japan, the safety under strong earthquakes need to be confirmed. First, loading tests were carried out for spring units and dampers which are the elements of the vibration isolation system. The dependency of displacement of spring unit stiffness and the dependency of damping coefficient and stiffness of dampers on frequency were clarified. From these results, a spring model and a four-element model were developed to simulate the performance of the spring and damper units. Shaking table tests were next carried out using a model of an isolated-building. The experimental results were simulated very well by three-dimensional analysis of the developed models. Finally, response analyses were carried out for a real size isolated-building to confirm the behavior under earthquakes. From these results, the stability of the isolation system during strong earthquakes was confirmed, and the reduction of the response in the super structurre were observed.
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永井 学志, 山田 貴博, 和田 章
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
91-98
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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This paper presents a non-linear finite element analysis procedure based on a digital image for concrete materials. Our final goal is to simulate the three-dimensional compressive non-linear behaviors of concrete materials with consideration of their local tensile failures. Concrete materials are modeled as two-phase composites consisting of coarse aggregates and mortar. Digital image processing is directly used to generate a finite element mesh. A new mixed finite element in which a high-resolutional digital image is embedded is developed to model smooth interfaces between coarse aggregates and mortar on the finite element mesh of low-resolutional digital image. This element is able not only to represent the strain jump caused by the existence of different materials but also to capture the displacement jump caused by interfacial cracks. A two-dimensional numerical example is shown.
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藤井 大地, 江島 晋, 菊池 昇
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
99-105
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In this paper, we present an effective method for designing the compliant mechanisms by the topology optimization technique using the homogenization design method. In this method, a new multi-objective function which maximizes the relative compliance between input at the loading point and output at a prescribed point is defined. The topology optimization problem formulated using the homogenization design method is solved by SLP method. In this algorithm, with the size of the hole of unit cell, the angle of unit cell is made to be a design variable. The local minima occurring in topology optimization in which SLP method is used and the gray scale densities of optimal solutions are improved by .our presented methods. The effectiveness of the present method is demonstrated by numerical examples of the topology optimization on a short cantilever plate.
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上谷 宏二, 竹脇 出, 岡田 将敏, 辻 聖晃
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
107-112
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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A sophisticated structural design method based on reduced model-frame inverse transformation has been proposed by the present authors. In that method, total quantity expression-based design sensitivity analysis is developed and is incorporated. In the total quantity expression-based design sensitivity analysis, plastic hinge locations have to be determined in each redesign step. In this paper, a new efficient method based on the total quantity, expressions is proposed which enables one to find the plastic hinge locations corresponding to a specified final plastic hinge without incremental elastic-plastic response analysis.
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松本 慎也, 春日 康博, 藤井 大地, 藤谷 義信
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
113-119
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In this paper, an analysis method by computers based on optimum design of frames with semi-rigid connection is shown. This method evaluates the connection stiffness and the member sizes as design variables. The discrete member sizes are evaluated by referring to the database system as continuous function. The optimization algorithm minimizes the cost of not only members but also the connections of the structure subjected to constraints on stresses and displacements under specified design loads. Four examples are presented to illustrate features of this optimization method.
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中野 克彦, 松崎 育弘
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
121-128
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The object of this paper is to make clear the structural performance of RC beam with horizontal joint, and the shear transfer mechanism and the shear displacement behavior at the interface. The experimental study for thirty-six specimens whose parameters were the amount and the strength of shear reinforcement bars, and shear span ratio of the beam, and the loading method was carried out. The results are as followed. The shear strength, bond strength, flexural strength, and stiffness of the specimens slipped at the interface were lower than those of the monolithic specimens. The shear transfer mechanism and the shear displacement behavior at the interface can be explained by the model of shearing force-shear displacement relationship in connection of precast concrete.
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伊藤 正義, 井野 智, 植松 武是
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
129-133
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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Analyses of on-site collected pedestrian vibration data on examples of reinforced concrete floor slab systems are conducted and result in findings as follows mainly concerning the damping ratio for floor vibrations which is an essential measure or index of the degree of pedestrian perception but has been left virtually not quantified. (1) A strong relationship proves to exist between the damping ratio and the long-time deflection multiplier, basically a measure of normal or partly impaired structural serviceability of floor slab systems. (2) An approximate equation is derived for the above relation. (3) The effect of live loads on the above index is accounted for.
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林 康裕, 宮腰 淳一, 田才 晃, 大野 義照
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
135-142
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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First, vulnerability functions are developed by relating the damage ratio of reinforced concrete buildings to estimated peak ground velocities of the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Next, we showed response analysis results that the deformation response of eight to twelve storied buildings are constant for specified peak ground velocity and are not dependent on shear strength of buildings. Using this relation and vulnerability function, finally, shear deformation angle is statistically related with the damage ratio of reinforced concrete buildings-designed by the current code.
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長谷川 隆
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
143-149
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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This paper describes the results of shaking table test on earthquake response behavior of steel moment resisting frames with yielding joint panel. The main, objective of the shaking table test is to investigate the effect of energy absorption at joint panel zone on inelastic response behavior and total energy absorption capacity, of the frames. The result of the shaking table test is summarized as follow. In the case where the relative member strength of panel to beam (R_p) of the specimen is about 0.65, it was found that the energy absorption at the joint panel zone became dominant in the specimen and this had an effect on increasing the total energy absorption capacity of the specimen.
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深尾 英邦, 森野 捷輔
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
151-157
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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Elasto-plastic analysis was carried out for the behavior of compression members which had initial deflection and load eccentricity, and were braced at an arbitrary intermediate point other than the center. The paper first discusses the results of a parametric study on the effects of bracing stiffness and location on the maximum strength of the member and the bracing force. The numerical analysis was performed by the finite difference method together with the moment-curvature relation prepared beforehand. This method of analysis however fails to solve the post buckling behavior in some cases, and the paper reveals the reason and indicates the limit of application of the 'finite element method to the present problem, and then introduces the numerical results of the post buckling behavior obtained by the finite element method using iso-parametric elements with 8-nodes. Finally, the paper shows the design recommendations for the laterally-braced compression members.
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内田 保博, 森野 捷輔
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
159-166
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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Resistance, factors in the ultimate state of SRC beam, beam-column, connection and structural wall and CFT beam-column and connection were studied by the subcommittee for the limit state design of composite structures in Architectural Institute of Japan. In this paper, resistance factors derived on the basis of the experimental data are shown, and the method of deriving resistance factor, accuracy of ultimate strength formulas and the necessity of calibration are discussed.
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最相 元雄, 松山 輝男
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
167-174
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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In the ultimate state of concrete filled steel tube column (CFT column), crack of steel tube occurs in the cross section near the column-end and the restoring force of CFT column extremely degrades. In this study the ultimate state due to the crack is examined and the condition of fracture is obtained on the basis of test data. By the use of this fracture condition the equation to calculate the accumulated plastic deformation capacity of CFT column is proposed. In comparison with test results it is ascertained that the presented equation can predict the lower limit of plastic deformation capacity of CFT columns.
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福元 敏之, 森田 耕次
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
175-182
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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It is necessary to predict the tensile elasto-plastic behavior of inner-diaphragm-type and through-diaphragm-type connections between steel beams and concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. This paper proposes a new analytical method for predicting the load-deformation relation of such connections. This method was developed by superposing the load-deformation relations of a tube and a diaphragm. The tube flange was modeled as a grid beam with a tetra-linear load-deformation relation, while the tube web and diaphragm were modeled as tensile members with a tri-linear load-deformation relation. These analytical methods were found in agreement with experimental results up to large deformation.
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清家 規, 多賀 直恒
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
183-188
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The purpose of this paper is to show how to evaluate the earthquake damage potential for each administrative district by using social living statistical indexes. First we take all the Japanese cities and each city is classified by using a factor analysis and a cluster analysis. Then we decide the most appropriate indexes used for the evaluation of the earthquake damage potential in consideration of the change' of damage pattern along with time series of the earthquake disaster. Evaluation results here generally coincide with the actual damage levels of the suffering cities in the great Hanshin-Awaii earthquake disaster.
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岡本 強一, 小野 健, 西條 修
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
189-195
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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The object of this paper is to construct the numerical model for tidal currents and diffusion at the season progressed the density stratification in semi-enclosed bay within very large floating structure, and then discuss the effects on the density stratification and existing the structures. The simulation of this paper was applied the stratified function to the 3-dimensional multi-level model for considering the effects on the density stratification. Here, the stratified function compute the vertical eddy viscosity and vertical eddy diffusivity as the function of Richardson number. As the results, good reproduction was obtained on the tidal currents, the salinity and the water-temperature by simulation in case of without structure in the bay, and then the predicting simulations were done in the stratified season within very large floating structure.
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堤 和敏, 薦野 和彦
原稿種別: 本文
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
197-202
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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It is very important for performance based design to control the response displacement of the structures for input earthquakes. In order to control the response displacement, it is necessary to estimate the response displacement of structures accurately: The previous reports proposed the response displacement of RC structures could be estimated accurately by introducing the concept of hysteresis energy coefficient on basis with energy theory. By developing the previous report, this report proposes the response control method by changing-member sections in case of RC frame structures. The standard deviation of control ratio in this method is a little large, but the averages are 0.97 to 1.08. It will be effective tool in structural planning stage.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
App12-
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 表紙
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
Cover7-
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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原稿種別: 表紙
2000 年 65 巻 528 号 p.
Cover8-
発行日: 2000/02/28
公開日: 2017/02/03
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