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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
App35-
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渡辺 誠一, 村上 心, 田中 睦子
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
1-6
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This article attempts to clarify the changing process concerning strength and drying shrinkage strain of concrete walls focusing on leaked water volume escaping from forms when placing concrete. As the result of comparison with five kinds of forms, the more leaked water volume is, the higher compressive strength is getting and the less drying shrinkage strain is. However as for the metal lath form, strength is getting lower and strain is less, because of loss of mortar paste.
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石川 廣三
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
7-12
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Effectiveness of pressure equalizing design for improving weather resistance of external walls has been widely recognized, however, theoretical method for calculating exact pressure drops across the wall cavity and its experimental verification are not fully established so far. In this paper, equations for calculating pressure drop across the outer leaf of the wall cavity for a given wind pressure and the vent hole areas are shown. Experimental results obtained using a box model having vent holes of various sizes confirmed the applicability of the above equations. Also, a critical pressure drop of 50 Pa was found, below which pressure drop air current through the outer vent holes is not strong enough to carry water droplets into the cavity.
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冨板 崇, 樫野 紀元, 濱崎 仁
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
13-17
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Thermal degradation of elastomeric roofing materials exposed outdoors was predicted. Temperature of urethane membranes set on concrete substrate and on insulation layer was monitored hourly for three years in Tsukuba, Japan and was estimated applying multi-regression equation of meteorological elements, ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind velocity. The ratio of elongation of EPDM+IIR roofing tested under high temperatures was expressed as power function of elapsed time combined with Arrhenius' model including temperature. Referring the database of calculated temperature of roofing around Japan for 1991-2000, the property change was simulated and plotted on maps.
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田村 雅紀, 橘高 義典, 新井 健志, 松沢 晃一
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
19-24
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A study was made on various concrete specimens concerning their toughness recovery and durability retention. By an evaluation system of tension softening diagram of concrete, we studied the influence of factors of adapting mortar strength, fiber properties, crack-repairing effect and freeze-thaw load on the fracture properties of various concrete specimens. In the case of the crack repaired nonfibrous concrete, it showed a recovery in strength and toughness, but it deteriorated by the freeze-thaw test. On the other hand, in the case of fibrous concretes it showed a sufficient recovery in strength and toughness, and toughness was sustained by the freeze-thaw test.
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高橋 雄司, 正木 信男, 穴原 一範, 五十田 博
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
25-33
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This paper presents an application procedure of the up-to-date knowledge obtained in the related academic fields, particularly seismological models for the estimation of earthquake occurrence probabilities and strong ground motions, to seismic risk management of buildings in seismically active regions. As an example, a wooden single house in Miyagi prefecture is dealt with. This house is exposed to intensive seismic hazards since it is located near the seismic source of the Miyagi-ken-oki Earthquake (Mw=7.5), which was forecasted to occur in 99% probability within the next 30 years. Preparing for such earthquakes, the house is base-isolated. In order to examine the effectiveness of the base-isolation system, the life-cycle costs of two design alternatives, one is the base-fixed house and the other is base-isolated one, are compared. They are computed by utilizing the advanced seismological models developed by the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion. The analysis demonstrates that the initial investment in the base-isolation system reduces the life-cycle cost imposed on the owner of the house.
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山下 忠道, 向井 洋一, 井上 豊
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
35-42
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In this study, evaluation for seismic behaviors of inter-story isolated building structures and proposition of effective synthesis for inter-story isolating systems are focused. Emphases are put on following items: 1) To make assure fundamental characteristics of seismic responses of inter-story isolated buildings, 2) To estimate influences of aseismic behaviors of inter-story isolated buildings under considering soil-structure interactions. Through parametrically numerical simulations, those items are investigated in detail. As more advantageous idea to improve efficiency of inter-story isolating systems, additional installations of hysteretic damping devices are pointed out and estimated. As a result, it is assured that more effective response reductions can be gained by introducing the additional hysteretic devices on the lower stories below isolating floor.
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笠井 和彦, 川鍋 佳史
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
43-51
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This paper proposes a simplified method to estimate the dynamic properties and seismic peak responses of a single-degree-of-freedom structure with high viscous damping and hysteretic damping. The dynamic properties of this structure vary according to its velocity and displacement. The method is based on equivalent linearization as well as spectrum modification and reduction, reflecting increase in equivalent vibration period, viscous damping ratio and hysteretic damping ratio. Accuracy of the method is validated through numerous time history analyses, over a wide range of viscous damping ratio, elastic vibration period, post-yield stiffness, ductility ratio, and earthquake type.
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寒野 善博, 竹脇 出
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
53-60
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An approximation algorithm is presented for finding the lower bounds of robustness functions of linear elastic trusses associated with stress constraints. Under the uncertainties of member stiffness and external forces based on the info-gap model, the robustness function is formulated as the optimal objective value of an optimization problem with infinitely many constraint conditions. By using the semidefinite programming relaxation, we formulate the quasiconvex programming problem which provides the lower bounds of the robustness functions. A bisection method is proposed, where we solve a finite number of semidefinite programming problems. The lower bounds of robustness functions are computed for various trusses under several uncertain circumstances.
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伊藤 淳志, 本田 周二, 幸繁 宜弘, 下平 祐司
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
61-68
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The bearing capacity and the settlement of pile group foundation can be estimated on the assumption that the piles and surrounded ground are one homogeneous ground. Vertical loading tests of model friction pile group were carried out. The tendencies of resistance at the bottom of the footing, the frictional resistance and the pile tip resistance caused by decrease in pile spacing were confirmed by the tests. The bearing mechanism of the pile group was examined by three-dimensional finite element analyses. The hardening of the soil at the bottom of pile group could be simulated.
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大杉 富美一, 土屋 勉, 島田 正夫, 吉田 勝之
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
69-75
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Installation model tests of screwed steel pipe pile, which has helical wing on the pile edge, were executed in uniformly graded high density sand in a calibration chamber. The experimental factors are the pile diameter D_0 (48.6, 76.3, 101.6mm) and the surcharge pressure σ_v (50, 100, 150kPa). The results show the residual stresses, which remain in the screwed pile after installation, amount to high ratio for the stresses during installation. We have discussed the penetration mechanism of the screwed pile based on the stress distribution in the cross section of the pile.
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鈴木 直哉, 高山 誠
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
77-83
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In this paper, the experiments were performed to investigate the effect of position of the opening on the mechanical behaviors of the free-formed shells. And the effect of the opening under the different loading modes was also investigated. The reversed catenary surface was adopted as the shape of the free-formed shell. Three types of the model with openings at different position, including without opening, were tested under two loading modes and the results were compared each other. The results indicate that the position of openings affects not only the ultimate load and the stiffness, but also the mode of displacement and the stress flow. Especially, in case of the openings on the diagonal line, the deflection is amplified by the central partial loading. So, such situation should be avoided in the design of the reversed catenary shell.
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中島 肇, 斎藤 公男, 黒木 二三夫, 岡田 章
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
85-92
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Membrane materials have properties of material nonlinearity and stress relaxation, due to slackness and crimp interchange of yarns and viscoelastic characteristic of coating material. The stability of Tension Membrane Structures (hereafter TMS) depends on existing prestress in the membrane. The purpose of this paper is to establish the structural analysis method applied a model of stress-strain curves considering stress relaxation of membrane materials. The full-scale experiment of the TMS with spring-strut system is compared with the present analytical results. The agreement between the analytical results and the experimental results are obtained in the structural behavior under loading and unloading.
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片岡 靖夫, 小川 晃司, 小松 幸平, 田淵 敦士
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
93-98
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The purpose of our investigation is to develop a new recycled mud wall and a new light weight mud wall which is made by mixing by-product clay and charcoal coated by ceramic skin. The by-product clay is produced as waste matter when slaked lime is extracted from limestone. The ceramic charcoal is produced by burning wood chips mixed with bentonite, which are made of lumber from thinning or scrap wood. The proposal of these new mud walls will contribute to efficient use of natural resources and to the economical design of wooden houses.
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梶川 久光, 野口 弘行, 神谷 文夫, 平田 俊次, 小川 春彦
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
99-106
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The report describes about shearing behavoir of bearing wall with opening by wooden panels construction. The static-loading test on the twenty-four types full scale bearing walls and finite element method analysis were carried out. With the examine and prove of structural characteristics of bearing wall, closed and with opening, we confirmed that Sugiyama's Sheathing Area Ratio apply to bearing wall with opening by wooden panel construction.
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藤野 栄一, 鈴木 秀三, 野口 弘行
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
107-112
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the vertical dynamic response of the wooden floor subjected to various impact forces applied to the mid-span of the floor. Dynamic tests and direct transient response analyses were carried out for the 6.5m-long-span and 1.0m-wide wooden model floor consisted of two 120mm wide and 300mm deep laminated wood timbers and 21mm-thick plywood sub-floor. The results of tests and analyses indicate, i) Dynamic maximum displacements of the wooden model floor subjected to various impact forces obtained using direct transient response analysis by the finite element method agree with those by experiments. ii) The static calculation using the coefficients derived from characteristics of the impact forces predicts dynamic maximum displacements, iii) Dynamic maximum displacements closely relate to both the natural frequency of the wooden model floor and the processing time of the impact force.
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岡野 創, 小鹿 紀英, 吉川 和秀
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
113-121
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This paper describes the equivalent linearization method considering higher mode effect. In non-linear response, one modal response affects the characteristics of other modes. In order to incorporate mode interaction, a multi-modal analysis method extended to the non-linear region based on the equivalent linearization concept is proposed. The validity of the proposed method is examined through analyses using story shear models that form story collapse mechanisms, because the effects of higher modes are remarkable in the models. The verification results show that the precision of evaluation is markedly improved by the proposed method, in problems where higher mode effects are remarkable. In the latter part of the paper, some problems with the existing capacity spectrum method in the equivalent linear analysis considering higher mode effect are discussed.
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堀田 久人, 木村 剛
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2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
123-128
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The purpose of this study is to grasp influences of multi-story mullion-type walls on behavior of RC structure frame analytically. A fiber-model is applied to the mullion-type walls, and 1 span multi-story RC frame structures which have the multi-story mullion-type walls and which are designed without regarding ones as structual elements are analized with push-over method. The conclusions are as follows. Mullion-type walls can raise horizontal load-carrying capacity, but there is possibility of story-collapse at lower story in the case of a structure with many stories. The mullion-type walls may affect upper structural elements because of the accumulation of the axial elongations of the mullion-type walls. Axial elongations of the mullion-type walls whitch exsist in a lower story are suppressed, so that, some additional axial force ratios of ones rise to more than 0.3-0.4.
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薩川 恵一, 井戸 建介, 田中 豊延, 北村 春幸, 石井 匠, 向井 智久, 上野 悟
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
129-136
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When the severe earthquakes took place, many buildings ceased functioning, and required costly structural repairs. Seismic retrofit was required for protecting those buildings from those earthquakes. So, authors have proposed seismic retrofit method for the R/C structures. This is a method for absorbing the seismic energy by the buckling-restrained brace type of the steel damper with low yielding strength. In the R/C frame, the damper is directly connected to the side of beam end with post tensioned P/C tendon. In order to clarify the effectiveness of this method, static cyclic loading was carried out. It had proved that this method had good performance for R/C frame under static cyclic loading. In this study, the dynamic cyclic loading test for R/C frame is carried out. As a result, failure mode of R/C frame under dynamic test is difference from that under static test, but deformation capacity of R/C frame under dynamic test is equal to that under static test. This steel damper in the frame absorbs input energy, and it has clarified that this method is effective.
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西村 勝尚, 藤田 佳広, 福本 義之, 益尾 潔, 向出 静司
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
137-144
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The authors developed the frame constructed by RHS column to vertical haunch-beam connections using external diaphragm with high strength bolts. This frame is possible to re-use by means of connecting to column and beam using hi-tension bolts. For the purpose of comprehending the performance of this frame, we performed cyclic loading tests for column-to-beam connections. As the result, it is clarified that 1) the stiffness of vertical haunch-beam is possible to evaluating by divided three elements of parallel shape, tapered shape of haunch, and central element, 2) the stiffness of beam-column connection is necessary to evaluate influence of deflection due to bending and shear, 3) the strength by yielding haunch plate is possible to evaluate by increasing progressively truss corresponding to bending and shear, 4) it is necessary to control yield and local bucking of haunch plate for ensuring enough deformation capacity in this frame, 5) it is possible to improve deformation capacity of this frame by equipping several vertical stiffeners at end of haunch in yield region, particularly vertical stiffeners is effective in case of large depth.
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岡田 健, 山本 重治, 山田 哲, 岩田 衛
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
145-152
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Two beam-to-columns connection, "steel bar joint" and "end plate joint", for a sustainable building structure system have been developed in the light of increasing demand for sustainability of buildings. In the steel bar joint, a column and a beam are firmly attached by steel bars introducing pre-stress through a column and a certain region of the end of the beam. In the end plate joint, a column and a beam are simply connected by high-tension bolts connecting a column and an end plate that is welded at the end of the beam. In these connections, damages caused by severe earthquakes are concentrated to replaceable components, that is, steel bars and end plates, so that the main members are not damaged and can be re-used. Two series of experiments were conducted to clarify the mechanical characteristics of these connections. As a result, these connections succeeded to avoid the damage of the beam though some of the specimen had some local damage in their column. The rotation capacities of the specimens were quite good. The rigidity of the connections was almost half of the rigid connection in the case that the beam was attached to strong side of the column because of out-of-plane flexibility of the flange of the column. A web of a column is much more flexible so that the rigidity dropped to half of that in the case that a beam was attached to a weak side of the column. The axial behavior of the steel bar was examined by tests and modeled for numerical simulation of the steel bar joints. The result of the simulation using the model showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental results.
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山口 謙太郎, 松藤 泰典, 小山 智幸, 小山田 英弘
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
153-160
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In this study, the SRB-DUP (Steel Reinforced Brick based on Distributed Unbond Prestress theory) built-up beam by analogy with Itacolumite microstructure is proposed. The structural design formula for bending moment on the damage limit state and the initial flexural rigidity of the built-up beam by proposed construction method is verified in the experiment. As a result, it is found that the bending moment when the plastic deformation is occurred in the beam is larger than the bending moment M_<AS> on the damage limit state. And it is found that the initial flexural rigidity analyzed is closed to an experimental value.
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穐山 靖司
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
161-168
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A Concrete-Filled Tubular Lap-Joint is a coupling where a slightly smaller circular steel tube is inserted to another circular steel tube, and the gap between tubes is filled up with mortar if necessary. In this paper, an elasto-plastic analysis to estimate relationship between deformation and external force in the model that substituted a truss for outside steel tube was suggested. In addition, analysis results were compared with results of experiments, and the elastic stiffness almost agreed with experimental value, but it was shown that the evaluation was slightly conservative after yield.
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石 湘, 松井 徹哉, 水野 啓示朗, 大森 博司
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
169-177
発行日: 2005/05/30
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A new algorithm to detect damage in structures using partial measurement of vibration in a target detecting region is proposed based on the observation that damage occurrence of jacket-type offshore platforms is concentrated in two regions. The feasibility of the damage localization algorithm is tested by employing a numerical model of an offshore jacket platform of which pre- and post-damage modal parameters are available for few lower modes of vibration. First the validity of the new algorithm using changes in partial mode shapes is examined in comparison with the existing algorithm using global mode shapes by utilizing modal parameters from eigenvalue analysis. Next, regarding the simulated dynamic responses of the structure under white-noise ground excitation as ambient vibration measurement from which modal parameters are identified using an ARMA method, the proposed algorithm is applied to locate damages simulated in the structure. It is demonstrated that the damage detection algorithm in connection with the ARMA modal identification is feasible and robust against measurement noise as well as the identification error of baseline structure, and that no false prediction of damage location may occur when damages happened outside the detecting region.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
App36-
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
App37-
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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
Cover19-
発行日: 2005/05/30
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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 591 号 p.
Cover20-
発行日: 2005/05/30
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