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Article type: Cover
1979Volume 275 Pages
Cover1-
Published: January 30, 1979
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Article type: Cover
1979Volume 275 Pages
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Published: January 30, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979Volume 275 Pages
App1-
Published: January 30, 1979
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Article type: Index
1979Volume 275 Pages
Toc1-
Published: January 30, 1979
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Article type: Appendix
1979Volume 275 Pages
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Published: January 30, 1979
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MORIHISA FUJIMOTO, NOBUHIRO SATOH, NOBUKADO MATSUTSUKA
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
1-8
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to formulate the elastic strain concentration ratio and the plastic incremental strain concentration ratio of the beam flange at beam-to-column connections whose column cross section is H-shape. Elastic strain distributions and plastic strain distributions are considered to be independent, because the column has a heavy section and does not generate the plastic out-of-plane deflection. Let the elastic strain concentration ratio be denoted by β_e and the non-dimensional geometrical parameter of the beam-to-column connection be denoted by f[f=2T_<cf>^3/(3T_<bf>・B^2), T_<cf> : Thickness of the column flange, T_<bf> : Thickness of the beam flange, B : Breadth of the beam flange], then, the relation between β_e and 1/f can be expressed by hyperbola. In order to formulate the plastic strain concentration ratio, the plastic incremental strain concentration ratio and the non-dimensional parameter f_p[f_p=2 T_<cf>^3E/(3T_<bf>・B^2・H^'_m), E : Young's modulus, H_m^' : mean strain hardening ratio] are defined. The behavior of the plastic incremental strain concentration ratio is evaluated based on the results of the theoretical and experimental study. Consequently, it became clear that not only geometrical conditions but also material conditions and load hysteretic conditions have direct effects upon the plastic incremental strain concentration ratio, and these relations are formulated.
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SUMIO KAWAMURA, EIJI KIMOTO
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
9-14
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Some series of experiments were made on the behavior of "one-way" types of hanging roofs in smooth uniform flow by use of the Effel types of wind tunnel. Models were 450mm in span, 300mm in breadth and 114mm in height and their roofs were covered with vinyl sheets having some thin pipes. Wind velocity of oncoming flow and flow around roofs were measured by hot-wire anemometer and disturbances of wind pressure in close vicinity to roofs were measured through a pressure transducer. Projecting pictures taken with 8mm cine-camera on screen, amplitudes, periods and displacements were measurd. From these experiments, the following features seem to be deduced. According to larger wind velocity of oncoming flow, amplitudes show peaks after graduall increase in initial state and exhibit tendencies to decrease slowly beyond peaks. On the otherhand, periods of wind pressure decrease slightly and seem to be close on the increased period of roofs. The first mode of oscillation is dominant over all the others and static deformation of roofs can be represented by a few, lower order terms of Fourier series between the starting velocity where the amplitudes begin to increase enormously and the peak velocity. Both the starting velocity and the peak velocity become large in proporition to the weight of roofs. Moreover, from distributions of mean wind velocities and intensities of mean wind velocities and intensities of turbulences, The ratio of mean velocity in separated domain to oncoming flow velocity in deduced.
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KEIICHI NAKATA, KUNIO YAMAGATA
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
15-23
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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According to the analysis method introduced in Part 1, numerical calculations on model cases are performed. The model of building and ground is shown in Fig. 1. The building on pile foundation has 10 stories and the plan 4 spans×11 spans, whose structure is constructed with reinforced concrete or steel. The composition of strata and soil properties are decided from the condition of the ground existing generally in the west of Osaka city. The settlement and the reaction force on each footing of the model in the process of consolidation of the diluvial clay stratum are calculated under the condition that the coefficient of volume compressibility m_v and the coefficient of consolidation c_v are constant and the condition that m_v and c_v are variables. As the results of numerical calculation, the following conclusions can be devised. 1. The effects of structural rigidity and creep of concrete are considerably remarkable in the distributions of settlement, differential settlement and reaction force on footing in the model structures, especially in reinforced concrete structure. 2. The bending moments on some members of model structures are large enough to occur plastic hinges. 3. The velocity of settlement of each footing in the case that m and c are variables than in the case that m_v and C_v are constants. 4. The final values of settlement, differential settlement and deviation of reaction force on footing from the average value of load on all footings are smaller in the case that m_v and c_v are variables than in the case that m_v and c_v are constants.
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TSUNEO OKADA, MATSUTARO SEKI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
25-31
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Nonlinear earthquake response of reinforced concrete building frames to a recorded ground motion was simulated by newly developed computer-actuator On-line system and compared with the computer simulation by the program OS-1 D. This paper is the first part of five serial reports and describes the overall objective of the project and the detail of the methodology used in the simulation. The On-line system is an electro-hydraulic jack system having the On-line computer controlling part and the computer simulation by the program OS-1 D is a simplified fiber model analysis based on the nonlinear stress-strain relationships of concrete and steel reinforcement.
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TETSUO KUBO, NORIO SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
33-43
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Two types of modelling of earthquake motions are introduced. Using synthetic motions simulating a certain recorded motion, characteristics of these synthetic earthquake motions are evaluated and the correlation of response properties between the recorded motion and synthetic ones is determined. Under certain conditions, a time function corresponds uniquely to its Fourier transform, i. e. to the pair of its Fourier phase spectrum and its Fourier amplitude spectrum. The one modelling, Type I modelling, is to determine the Fourier phase spectrum by analysis of a recorded motion and to give uniformly distributed random numbers to the Fourier amplitudes. The other, Type II modelling, is to determine the Fourier amplitude spectrum by analysis giving random angles to the Fourier phase spectrum. Simulating the motions of El Centro, Imperial Valley earthquake of 1940 and Hachinohe Harbour, Tokachi-oki earthquake of 1968, twenty samples of synthetic motions are produced by Type I and Type II modellings, respectively. Characteristics of synthetic motions such as cumulative energy distribution, elastic response spectrum and inelastic response spectrum are evaluated and from a statistical point of view the results are compared with those obtained for the recorded motion. Summarized in the following the properties of synthetic motions are; 1. Cumulative energy distributions for the Type I motions fall in similar values with a small deviation around the mean taken across twenty samples of synthetic motions. 2. While the mean of maximum elastic responses for the Type I motions takes an uniform value and is dissimilar to the response for the recorded motion, the mean of maximum responses for the Type II motions coincides with good agreement to the response for the recorded motion over the entire range of periods. 3. On an average, seventeen cases of maximum elastic responses out of twenty for the Type II motions fall in the value not greater than the mean plus one standard deviation taken across the twenty responses obtained for synthetic motions. 4. For the inelastic response, the maximum response of the recorded motion lies in the range between mean minus one standard deviation and mean plus one standard deviation taken across the twenty responses of the Type II motions.
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MASAHIDE TOMII, HISAHIRO HIRAISHI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
45-53
Published: January 30, 1979
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MASAHIDE TOMII, KENJI SAKINO
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
55-65
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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SHIGERU WAKAYAMA, YOSHIHIKO TAKATSUKA, SHINOBU IWASAKI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
67-73
Published: January 30, 1979
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The method of total evaluation of fire protection plannings and the result of refuge simulation on a high story apartment house were reported in the former report. This is the report about anti-smoke simulation on the same project and the feed-backs to the total fire protection planning. The efficiency of smoke exhausting through the light court of the high story apartment house was confirmed on the various cases of wind, temperature and opennings conditions, from the result of simulations about refuge and smoke.
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KAHORU KITAURA
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
75-86
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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NOBUKO OGAWA, JUNKO ISHII, SACHIKO SAITO
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
87-94
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this study, we have surveyed 24 nursery schools in Tokyo, which were built after 1966. Before then, almost every facilities in Japan was organized around only a play-room and some nursery rooms. This year was the turning point when several facilities were established upon precursery trial ideas. These were characterized by distinctive spacese for different aged groups. Separate rooms were designed for children below 3 years old, those over 3, babies' and infants'. In addition, separation according to activities was significant. For instance, Rooms were created for nap, feeding and play activities. We conducted the analyses of conditions of the above mentioned separations. Through these analyses, we could like to indicate the current problems in nursery school planning. The main controversial points from our studies are following; 1) Babies and infants are not separated into different rooms In spite of the tremendous differences between babies' and infants' care, they are usually mixed. This results are mutually obstruct on of each other's activities. 2) No physical separation of nap and feeding activities Observing the old style facilities, almost every kind of activities are done in the same room. It creates confusion for both the staffs and the children, and it can not guarantee the proper space for each function.
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MASAKI KATAOKA, YOSHITOMO MURAKAMI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
95-104
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This study reports the result of the evaluation based on the survey about housing life in the typical houses for the wheelchair users. Couclusions are as follows : (1) The greater part of the households is a couple, in that case few confusions life are found in their housing. (2) For small family which must have separated bedrooms it is difficult to maintain privacy well in all housing unit type. (3) In case of the household with a wheelchair user, the tendency which mejor life acts are mainly done in a western style room are found. On the other hand in case of the bedfast, it has the tendency that basic daily life acts are concentrated upon a main room which is used as one room. (4) Therefore it is important whether they select the Western one style room or the Japanese for their bedroom inhalf-made system unit. (5) The south side DK type is more suitable than the north side one, because in the former it is not happened to pass through the bedroom for the wheelchair users, and it is easy to connect it with the Japanese style bedroom for the bedfast. (6) In case of the bedfast, the unit type which separates the south (L) DK from the other north rooms is apt to cause an unused room because of tending to use as one room.
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Article type: Appendix
1979Volume 275 Pages
103-
Published: January 30, 1979
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KAZUO KAKEHI, MINORU KANNO, NORIO KUDO
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
105-118
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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For the medical regional planning, there are three fundamental problems, the medical circular region, the function of each facilities, the correlation of each facilities. We make a study of these problems in Miyagi Prefecture area by using the data from the cancer registration. The results obtained are summarized as follows, (1) There is a regional hospital in the areawide circular region which has a vast distribution of patient, completed in a certain extent, and the distribution of patients is formed in three steps. (2) The characteristic use of medical care facilities by cancer patients is areawide more than by general patients and at last the cancer patients are extremely concentrated to Sendai city and Natori city where there is a hospital which has special medical care facilities. (3) In Kurihara and Kesennuma areawide circular regions the dependence on Sendai of patients is depressed so they cannot help sufficing in their areawide circular region. (4) We find the function of each facilities in medical care of cancer. (5) There is a evident corresponding between the correlation of each facilities and the difference in qualities of the function of facilities. (6) Most of the patients move to the upper medical care facilities to acquire the decided diagnosis and better care. (7) The correlation of each facilities is influenced by the existence of base hospital in the areawide region and the location even if it is out of the areawide region.
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TOMONORI TOYAMA, TERUYUKI MONNAI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
119-129
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Design semiotics is a science whose object is design and whose language is semiotics. In this context semiotics serves to extract the essence of design. Modern semiotics, Charles S. Peirce's semiotics in particular, made the concept of sign universal. Peirce's semiotics is universally applicable because of its way to define a Sign. According to Peirce's definition of Sign, anything can be a Sign as long as it forms a Triadic Relation-i. e. as long as it stands for something (its Object) and creates a new Sign (its Interpretant). Such universality of Peirce's semiotics is of great advantage in the explanation of design, its processes and systems. For this reason we think that semiotics is well suited to extract a model of design thinking. We will find that the usefulness of semiotics to design science consists in its function to shedlight on the process of human thinking and to correlate the conceptual aspects of design. Fundamentally it can be said that Peirce's Triadic Relation of a Sign is a module of design thinking. The approach of design semiotics will be decided upon in detail by what is regarded as Sign. Any design phenomenon can be a Sign and can be described as a sign system and its transformation. The finding of Signs in design phenomena will represent method, logic and technique of design. A remarkable feature in the description of sign systems is the fact that a Sign mediates between man who conceives and acts and the object of his conceptions and actions. This feature constitutes a new science of design which takes into account the Triadic Relation of a Sign. Traditional design theories are all monadic, diadic, or quassi-triadic. Design information, which correlates between design activity and its object, develops into a Sign through its performance. This aspect is represented only in the Triadic Relation of a Sign. The Triadic Relation of a Sign is too general a theory to analyse design phenomena. Differentiation of designing is described in sign sequences-sequential description of Triadic Relation in semiosis. We can find in design phenomena various kinds of sign sequences : a sign sequence consists of, e. g., designing, production, and usage; thinking process of design objects; a sign sequence in the evaluation of alternative designs; function of design tools. A sign sequences adequately represents the fact that designing is generation and degeneration of a Sign. Studies of design semiotics are undertaken in order to extend the ability of science to describe and explain its objects. The necessity of these studies becomes obvious when they are applied to design activities. The present study has been accompanied by the development of an Information System for Design and by an examination of user participation work in a redevelopment project at the Kiba districtof Tokyo.
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JIRO MAJIMA
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
131-140
Published: January 30, 1979
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In this paper, the author investigates the characteristics of the locality through classified groups from the viewpoint of the structural relation between housing demands and supplies, and that of the dwelling level. The conclusions are as follows; 1) The housing supplies that play an important part from a social point of view is being originated and increased at the same time as the urbanization proceeds in cities. The supplies of rented houses and these of ready-built houses for sale are good examples of this fact. 2) It is closely related to the phenomena in terms of the factors concerning the social stratum. 3) The dwelling level in the cities falls generally at the same time as the urbanization proceeds. The water closet's ratio, however, increases in the populous cities. 4) Geographically, the urbanized cities in Japan are not well distributed from the viewpoint of housing circumstances.
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KOHSEI OKADA, KATSUYUKI YOSHIDA, SHIRO KASHIHARA, MASANORI TSUJI
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
141-148
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this study, a practical simulation method is used for purpose of presumping of human injury in case of fire caused by a strong earthquake. This simplified simulation model is based on a grid spuare system and behavior of evacuees is consistently combined with process of fire spreading in this system. The simulation program is composed of 800 Fortran statements and its results are printed out as visually expressed maps. It needs only 364kch memories and 8min. C. P. U. time in one trial. This system is very compact, so it is easily applied to urban planning.
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SEIROKU OTA
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
149-154
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Mr. Yuzo Yamaguchi propounded a new theory, the introduction of a stone arch bridge in Japan. He stated that it introduced from Portugal to Japan. But I can not support his new theory, so I touched upon the reason of negative assertion.
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TAKASHI KITANO
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
155-161
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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It contains the discussions about I. On the disposition of buildings and rustic style shoin in the court-noble's residence. At the early edo-period, the court-nobles' residences had been consisted of Shinden, Shoin and Tsunegoten. At about Enpou-period (A. D. 1673-1680), They were consisted of Shinden, Great-Shoin, Small-Shoin and Zanoma. In these buildings, the elements of the rustic style shoin appeared in Shoin at the early edo-period, but at about Enpou-period, these elements appeared also in Great-Shoin, Small-Shoin and Zanoma. II. On the plan and function of the rustic style shoin in the court-noble's residence. At the early edo-period, the shoin had been decorated with Toko, Tana and Tsuke-Shion. and they were used mainly for the entertainment. At about Enpou-period (A. D. 1673〜1680), all the elements of the rustic style shoin appeared in them. and they were used mainly for the entertainment and tea ceremoey.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
162-
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1979Volume 275 Pages
162-
Published: January 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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