Motobu-cho is one of the famous area that fish the skipjack. But the skipjack fishing declines, because some social problems and characteristic problems of skipjack fishing in Nansei islands in resent year. The skipjack fishing groups in Nansei islands catch the baits by themselves. So, for the skipjack fishing groups in Nansei area, baits catch is the most important factor of fishing. The areas of baits catch in Motobu-cho decrease with the decline of skipjack fishing. In this presentation, I present the historical changes of circumstance of bait catch in the skipjack fishing.

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A principal component analysis is applied to summer sea level pressure over East Asia for the period 1901-2000. The results indicate that the first mode is associated with the variability of the North Pacific subtropical high and has a strong connection to the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical eastern Pacific and Indian Ocean. Meanwhile, there is a significant correlation between the second (third) mode and the All-India Monsoon Rainfall (Dipole mode) index. We also found that the fourth mode represents the Pacific-Japan pattern and is highly correlated with the east-west gradient of summertime SST across the Philippines.

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  In the USA, imigrants created individual ethnic landscape from their home countries.  There are many festival events derived from various ethnic groups in the USA.  The St. Patrick's Day parades have celebrated as a nationalised ritual of a performed Catholic Irishness in the both USA and world.  But in Ireland, government established the St. Patrick's Day parade in the 1990s.  Therfore, the form the St. Patrick's Day parade in the USA is different from original one in Ireland.  And the form and role of the parade in the USA have constantantly changed.

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We observed various landform images based on 50cmDEM in Hiroshima disaster area.

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We surveyed geomorphologic and geologic characteristics of Hiroshima disaster area.

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Kazakhs in Bayan-Ölgii Province of western Mongolia has become a biggest ethnic minority group under less-developed condition. Their culture and society is now revitalizing with traditional falconry culture and Islamic religion as axial driving force. This research focus on three research topics; (i) animal herding economy as current living status, (ii) traditional falconry culture as their identity, and (iii) Islamic religion as their ideological unity. These revitalizations reflect socio-cultural upheaval of which phenomenon illustrate past, present and future of Altaic Kazakh community. The research preliminary illustrates potential ways for future sustainability of their community with amity reconciliation with Mongolian majority. 

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The aim of this presentation is to clarify the form of use of re-useable industrial heritage. We distributed a questionnaire to users of the forest train connecting town-run hot springs and accommodations in Mamurogawa, Yamagata in May and September, and the following responses were obtained.

Users’ age bracket is wide, as the train is used by families. Users were limited to the Tohoku and Kanto areas, mostly from Yamagata Prefecture.
Respondents found out about the train from “hearing about it from friends and family.” Respondents said they found out that train is run only in May and September from local newspapers.
Few respondents knew that the working locomotive preservation was authorized by Heritage of Industrial Modernization legislation, or that the preservation of the locomotive in working order was carried out irrespective of its possible use for giving rides on the old forest railway.
Most users of the forest train said they make use of other park facilities (hot springs, eateries) on the day. But few users said they planned to stay overnight at the facilities. 

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The two surface sediments of Iduk III near Kom al-Diba' site were analyzed to clarify natural environmental change. The  Iduk III-295 explains that the wet land with salty water environment at 1500 year BP and Iduk III-190 shows that muddy tidal flat condision at 37- year BP. 

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  This study examines the agricultural regionalization of British Columbia, Canada, by means of cluster analysis. As the results, eight agricultural regions are extracted. (1) Vancouver Island: Cluster A (high rate of area owned) and Cluster C (low productivity of agriculture). (2) Pacific Coast: Cluster A and Cluster C. (3) North Pacific: Cluster B (vegetable and greenhouse). (4) Lower Mainland: Clusters E (small management and fruits) and Cluster D  (dairy cattle, pigs and high farm capital). (5) Okanagan: Cluster E. (6) Cariboo and Thompson: Cluster F (beef cattle). (7) Kootenay: Cluster C and Cluster F. (8) Peace River: Clusters G (large-scale land use) and Cluster H (fodder crops and horse).

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We examine how the commodification of rural space is proceeding in British Columbia, Canada, and what kinds are present. Our field-work revealed that the four regions of Lower Mainland, Vancouver Island, Okanagan, and Thompson-Cariboo have conspicuous rural commodification. The Lower Mainland region is characterized by diversified rural commodities. Wine tourism in the Okanagan region, a slow food movement on Vancouver Island and ranch tourism in the Thompson-Cariboo region are very important. The commodification of rural space in British Columbia, which is more advanced and diversified than that of Japan, plays an important role in sustaining the rural economy and society.

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In order to study the regional cooperation approach, intended for six regions of Iwate Prefecture Nishiwaga, and utilizing GIS.First, listen to live 50 years ago from the elderly, was summarized the features and at the same time then be recorded on the map based on its contents.Based on this map and features, to give a suggestion on the use the contents of the local resources.

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Although various distributions of climate
in Japan are studied, the area of the Setouchi deviates little to each other.
In this study, it is attempted to calculate the developmental ratio of the
Setouchi climate by using the calculation method of developmental ratio of the
Mediterranean climate (Fukui, 1966).
In this study, the tanθ in the formula of Mediterranean climate is reformed to R₈/R_s.
As the developmental ratios, which are described that Matsuyama is 92.3, Hiroshima is 91.6. The developmental ratio in Nara is 87.3, and on the other hand, the one in Kyoto is 86.4.

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 After the passage of the developed cyclone in February 2014, the large snow cover extent was seen through Pacific Ocean side of Central Japan. In this paper, the author discusses the diurnal variation of the station air-pressure for the period of the large snow cover extent in Central Japan, and compares with
that for the period of little snow cover through Pacific Ocean side. From the local weather map in Central Japan for the period when the variation of the synoptic condition is small, the generation of local cyclones in the morning and the development in the afternoon are clearly seen in February 15, 2008, with the small snow cover extent through Pacific Ocean side of Central Japan. On the other hand, they are not clearly seen in February 20, 2014, with the large snow cover extent. This means that the large snow cover extent can be considered to weaken the daytime surface heating.

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Urban System Changes in Maebashi and Takasaki

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Working Realities of University Graduates with a Background in Geography

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