[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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The New Rice Policy of Korea aims to designate the agricultural cooperative as the principal concern in the management of sustenance grains and rice. The agricultural cooperative, which is so far lacking in rice sale business experience, has come to the point at which it must develop sales business in competition with merchants. The research was conducted in a village in Haenamgun Chollanamdo, a prominent rice production area of Korea, in which the Okchon agricultural cooperative has high management appraisal and large-scale rice management farmers. The first section shows how the Okchon agricultural cooperative, which has advanced by guaranteeing rice quality with contract cultivation, developed the rice business, which is known throughout the country as one of the most expensive rice brands. The economic slump and competition in the rice market after 2000 restrained demand for such expensive brands. This situation led to the diversification of sales in order to compete with other brands. The second section shows how farmers have converted to growing good quality rice. In addition to high-yielding varieties, the farmers who participate in the contract cultivation of the agricultural cooperative designating the farmers whose own more than 3 ha has become significant.

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Based on examination of the present conditions of the vegetables and fruits wholesale market distribution system in Taipei, two completely different points can be discerned. First of all, the nationwide collection associated with the expansion of the collection area of the large-scale first-class wholesale market, including the second wholesale market, shows a remarkable increasing trend. Second, the distribution power of the vegetables and fruits in the second wholesale market increased remarkably after the early 1990's. It is conceivable that the trend toward increase of the distribution power of the second wholesale market in Taipei, and such a large-scale first-class wholesale market, will continue to develop as a "large regions collection and distribution market" from now on.

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In India, the PDS (Public Distribution System) was established in 1939. This paper examines the impacts of PDS, focusing on the farmer, agricultural production and agricultural policy in India. The analysis of the first theme focuses on the farmer as the procuremental policy executed subsidizing food grains to producer benefits. The second theme focuses on the agricultural production estimated as the direct effects to execute PDS. The third theme focuses on the agricultural policy executed to consumer benefits. Indian agricultural policy has as its target anti-poverty by 2005. However, it is doubtful that the policy target can be achieved its aims. These results show the most important point is procurement of food grains and liberalization of PDS in a manner that necessitates time in view of protection of family BPL (below poverty line).

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