農業市場研究
Online ISSN : 2424-0427
Print ISSN : 1341-934X
2 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1~18を表示しています
論文
  • 三島 徳三
    原稿種別: 論文
    1993 年 2 巻 1 号 p. 1-12
    発行日: 1993/09/30
    公開日: 2019/03/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan announced the Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas last June. There are some serious problems facing Japanese agriculture, such as: a shortage of young farmers, decreasing cultivated field and so on. These problems are the background to this plan. The basic directions of the new policies are to introduce the deregulation and the free market mechanism into the structure of agricultural production and distribution. At present, the reorganization of policies is proceeding both in the food control system (mainly concerning rice), and in the wholesale market system (fresh foods). With regard to the former, the decline of productivity and the shortage of rice has been caused through the loss of producer motivation due to the Rice Production Conversion Program, and the freezing and cutting of the producers' price of rice over a long period. For this reason, I think it has become inappropriate to assert the need for reform of the rice control system towards the introduction of the market mechanism, due to the structural over-production of rice. Concerning mentioned above the wholesale market system, the trading practices are changing gradually to the benefit of mass sales stores. Thus, in order to effect progress in Japanese agriculture and to stabilize food supply for the population, the Government should halt the deregulation and the introduction of the market mechanism into agricultural production and distribution, and should implement a protective policy for agriculture.
  • 樫原 正澄
    原稿種別: 論文
    1993 年 2 巻 1 号 p. 13-23
    発行日: 1993/09/30
    公開日: 2019/03/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    For the last ten years, the situation surrounding Japanese agriculture has been critical. So in June of 1992 the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries announced "the Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas". It is based on the market oriented policy, so several problems will come about by this policy. In the New Policies, it is proclaimed that future pricing policies will require the establishment of levels by reflecting the supply and demand situation, while endeavoring to reduce the costs will be made possible through reforms of agricultural structure. I have several criticisms of the New Policies. They are as follows: The first point is that Japanese food self-sufficiency rate is not clearly stated in it. Essentially we suppose that pricing policies of agricultural products is to make decisions to a demand quantity, then its supply quantity depends on its demand quantity. Price levels are determined by its supply quantity. If we assume that the food self-sufficiency rate is not clear, we can not decide the quantity of domestic supply. The second point is that we can not establish a goal of farm management, as a rice price level is not clear in the New Policies. If a farmer asks for farming scale expansions, a certain price level is necessary for his success. In the New Policies the realization of farm management depends on setting up a rice price level. A price level acts on the number of an efficient and stable farm management. The third point is that the role of the government is reduced in a rice market. That is to say the quantity of voluntarily marketed rice is much superior to the quantity of government-marketed rice. If this situation becomes common, the influence of pricing policies must be reduced. The fourth point is that protection of farm management is abandoned in the pricing policies of the New Policies. So the market oriented pricing policies must be diversified to a rice control system from governmental control system to market principles.
研究ノート
  • 下山 禎
    原稿種別: 研究ノート
    1993 年 2 巻 1 号 p. 24-35
    発行日: 1993/09/30
    公開日: 2019/03/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Only a limited amount of data could be gathered on flower markets throughout the country. But we did obtain the "FLOWER DATA BOOK" published by the "Japan Flower Popularization Center" this past summer. Although the data was not so complete, it did enable us to analyze the flower market for the nation as a whole. This paper aims to clarify today's flower marketing with an analysis of time-series data. I used the "method of link-relatives", "analysis of variance" and "demand function" to achieve this end, the major conclusions were as follows: 1) According to the method of relatives, the fluctuation of wholesale prices in Tokyo is less than other regions. 2) Flowers used during the "Bukka season" tend to make demand quantity large. 3) The character of each flower as a commodity fluctuates widely with the price and the quantity. 4) We observed a large gap between wholesale prices and retail prices. From the results of comparison between each CPI, we observed a gap between cut flowers and other goods. 5) High expenditure elasticity was estimated, based upon the results of demand function.
  • 後藤 厚子
    原稿種別: 研究ノート
    1993 年 2 巻 1 号 p. 36-45
    発行日: 1993/09/30
    公開日: 2019/03/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    With the continuous economic development achieved since the end of the World War II, the Japanese life style has greatly changed Food consumption patterns. In this paper, I tried to find out some factors concerning the enlargement process of socialization of food consumption caused by the difference in life styles. As a basic aspect of empirical approach, it is necessary to study the difference in various life styles. Accordingly, the following two factors were used as analytical criteria: 1. The difference in labour styles by working hours, income and occupation. 2. The difference in life styles by time use, household organization and work pattern, such as: full and Part-time. The result of this study is as follows; The enlargement process of socialization of food consumption is caused basically by the differences in living patterns which were affected by the economic conditions. These conditions shortened working hours for food preparation by the substitution of socialization of food consumption, such as processed food, ready made food and take-out food. Additionally, a change from private-labour to social-labour is a general trend affected by social and economic development.
  • 河相 一成
    原稿種別: 研究ノート
    1993 年 2 巻 1 号 p. 46-53
    発行日: 1993/09/30
    公開日: 2019/03/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this paper is to make clear the basic character of "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas" by considering a fundamental angle of "Market Problem" added to the contemporary characteristics. The basic viewpoints of this angle are as follows- (1) social specialization, (2) dissolution of farmers stratum, (3) expansion of domestic market, (4) relation between world market and domestic market. As a result of the consideration in above viewpoints, the following matters became clear. 1. "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas" is very systematic and it is in line with the law of capitalism. 2. "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas" promotes the dissolution of farmers stratum, and there is an inevitability that farmers fall into line with the policy for the elevation of their desired level. 3. Being adapted to the international deregulation, "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas" promotes the reorganization and expansion of domestic market in the direction of weakening public character. 4. "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas" involves the inevitability that policies of the farmers' side are instituted which are against "The Basic Direction of New Policies for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas". We must institute these four policies.
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