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Harald HANSEN
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
127
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Eiichiro NAKAYAMA, Yoshimi SUZUKI, Kitao FUJIWARA, Yasushi KITANO
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
129-139
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
Progress in clean techniques that includes clean sampling, storage, treatment and analysis of seawater samples is essential for the exact determination of trace elements in seawater. Japanese marine chemists have worked vigorously to establish clean techniques and the accumulation of data. Results have met with a measured amount of success, as briefly shown in this review paper. The behavior and distribution of trace elements in seawater are dependent on multifaceted chemical, physical and biological processes occurring in the ocean. Thus, the chemical speciation of inorganic and organic species of trace elements in seawater has been eagerly studied. Specifically, the dissolved states of oxyacid elements such as Cr, I, Se, Te, As and Sb have been determined by using various procedures and methods developed by Japanese marine chemists. The present paper reviews the procedures of chemical speciation for inorganic species of Cr, I, Mn, Mo; W, Se, Te, As and Sb as well as those for organic species of Cr, Ge, I, Se, Hg, Fe and Cu in seawater. The difficulty in obtaining exact measurements of the total concentrations of trace elements in seawater is shown concerning Fe, Cu, Zn and Se as examples.
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Osamu YAMAMOTO, Kikuko HAYAMIZU, Masaru YANAGISAWA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
141-146
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A computer software system for structure identification using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra is described. For this purpose search files are created from full spectral patterns. In the search files peak information is stored, including positions and intensities as well as other search items such molecular formula, molecular, weight,
etc. in order to assist in identification. The
1H-NMR area intensity is used rather than the peak height intensity which is used in other spectroscopic methods. This enables us to utilize, in addition to peak positions, the ranges of peak positions for the complex patterns characteristic of
1H-NMR spectra as input data for the identification. The problems and limitations of the structure identification by
1H-NMR spectra relating to the frequency dependence are discussed. A brief description is given regarding structure identification by
13C-NMR spectra in connection with
1H-NMR spectra.
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Atsushi YOSHINAGA, Yu-Ming HSIEH, Tsuguo SAWADA, Yohichi GOHSHI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
147-149
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
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フリー
LIPAS (laser induced photoacoustic spectrometry) has been adopted for quantitative analysis of a single particle.To avoid the effects of the sample form (such as particle or coarse powder) upon the intensities of strong light absorption and strong light scattering, analysis using a single particle was carried out instead of diluting with optically transparent material. A solid adsorbent particle such as XAD-2 was used, on which trace elements in solutions were adsorbed in the form of metal-oxine (oxine=8-quinolinol) complexes. Here, 0.02-20ng zinc adsorbed on one XAD-2 particle could be detected quantitatively. Moreover, combination of LIPAS with both a single particle adsorbent and enrichment technique was found to be an excellent method for quantitative analysis for trace materials.
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Kaneharu KATO, Kyoichiro TAKASHIMA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
151-156
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A recycling nebulization-sample introduction system which exhibits the long-term stability of analyte emission signals while consuming small sample volumes was constructed for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The present system is composed of five main parts:
i.
e., a spherical cyclone spray chamber, two commercial concentric nebulizers, two 3-way stopcocks, an aerosol transport tube with heater, and a commercial concentric three-tube plasma torch. It is based on the spray chamber where the two nebulizers are mounted (twin-nebulizer configuration): one is for introduction of a sample or a rinse solution into the spray chamber, and the other one is for recycling nebulization of the solution introduced. The nebulizers are easily demountable symmetrically and horizontally outside the spray chamber. Analytical performance and nebulization characteristics are described in comparison with a conventional sample introduction system. A stable signal of analyte emission intensity was extended to 20min for 1ml of sample under the ordinary condition of 0.6l/min carrier gas flow rate.
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Makoto NAGASE, Takahiko MATSUEDA, Yasuhiko OSAKI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
157-160
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A method is described for the determination of Sudan III, Sudan IV and Sudan Red 7B in river and seawaters. These dyes were extracted with hexane by mixing extraction from samples. The resulting materials were dried, dissolved in methanol and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with a variable-wavelength UV-VIS spectrophotometric detector. The separation of the dyes was possible using a LiChrosorb RP-18 column (25cm×4.0mm i.d.). The recoveries were 72.9-92.8% from river water and 94.6-98.1% from seawater, with the relative standard deviations below 4% (
n=5) when 2μg of each dye was added to a 400-ml sample of water. The lower limits of determination were 4.4ng (0.55μg/l) for Sudan III, 5.3ng (0.66μg/l) for Sudan IV and 4.9ng (0.61μg/l) for Sudan Red 7B. This method allows simultaneous determination of the 3 dyes in water with simplicity, sufficients ensitivity and accuracy.
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Yoshihiro YOSHIMURA, Kiyoshi OTSUKA, Katsumi UCHIYAMA, Hiroshi TANAKA, ...
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
161-164
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
Salicylate was hydroxylated by hydroxyl radicals formed in the system composed of hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase and a ferrous iron salt. The hydroxylated products of salicylate, namely, 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoate, 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoate and 2, 6-dihydroxybenzoate, were identified by thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The relative standard deviation was 7.98% (
n=5) and the detection limit for 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoate formed from salicylate was 0.555ng/ml (
S/
N=3). This method was employed for the detection of hydroxyl radicals generated in polymorphonuclear leukocytes during stimulation by opsonized zymosan. The generation of hydroxyl radicals increased with increasing incubation period up to 40min.
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Masatoshi OUE, Kazuhiro AKAMA, Keiichi KIMURA, Minoru TANAKA, Toshiyuk ...
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
165-169
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
Dodecyl-monothia-16-crown-5, which contains one sulfur and four oxygen atoms, was synthesized and tested for its usefulness as a neutral carrier for Ag
+-selective polymeric membrane electrodes. Employment of a Ag
+-complex of the thiacrown ether as the membrane active material instead of the thiacrown ether itself allowed the better potential response. The resulted ion selective electrodes exhibited Nernstian response to Ag
+ in a wide activity range. The ion selectivities against alkali, alkaline-earth, and heavy metal ions, NH
4+, and H
+ were quite excellent. Silver ion in artificial samples was successfully determined by Ag
+ potentiometric titration and Gran′s plot method with the Ag
+ electrode.
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Tatsuhiko TANAKA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
171-174
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
The current efficiency for the electrolytic generation of cadmium(II) from an amalgamated cadmium anode was investigated as a function of electrolyte composition and current density. The generation of cadmium(II) proceeded with 100% current efficiency over a wide range of current density, when both sodium chloride and sodium acetate concentrations were higher than 0.1M. Thus, the use of cadmium(II) instead of zinc(II) as a coulometric titrant for complexometry (T. Tanaka
et al.,
Bunseki Kagaku,
33, E9 (1984)) reduced the error in amperometric indication of the end point. With 0.5M sodium chloride-0.5M sodium acetate medium of pH 5.5, high-purity gallium and indium were assayed coulometrically. The method was based on the reaction of the sample metal ion with a known excess of EDTA, the unconsumed EDTA being back-titrated with electrolytically generated cadmium(II). The relative standard deviation of the results was about 0.01% for both metals in the range of 200-300mg.
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Norinobu YONEHARA, Tetsuya YAMANE, Takashi TOMIYASU, Hayao SAKAMOTO
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
175-179
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A kinetic method is presented for the simultaneous determination of bromide and iodide based on the different catalytic behaviors during the oxidation of Pyrocatechol Violet by hydrogen peroxide in strongly acidic solution. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically at 492nm. The slope and the intercept at
t=0 of the second-order plot are the parameters for the determination of iodide and bromide, respectively, which are simultaneously obtained by a single kinetic run. Mixture of these anions, in the ranges 0.01-0.1mg I-′ bromide and 0.005-0.05mg 1-′ iodide, can be determined within an error of ca .10%
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Joichi UEDA, Toshio KITADANI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
181-184
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
Various trace amounts of germanium in water were concentrated by the Coprecipitation technique with hafnium hydroxide, and determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. At pH 7.5-10.5, hafnium hydroxide coprecipitates almost completely 0.3-10μg of germanium from pure solution (less than 200ml) and more than 80% of germanium from natural waters (less than 200ml). The atomic absorbance of germanium is increased about 6 times by the presence of hafnium. The calibration curve is linear from 12 to 400ng ml-1 of germanium. The detection limit (signal/noise=2) was 0.3ng ml-1 of germanium in 200ml of the initial pure solution. This method was successfully applied to the determination of germanium in spring water, using the standard addition method.
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Takehiro KOJIMA, Naruhito ONO, Yasumasa SHIGETOMI, Yuroku YAMAMOTO
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
185-188
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A series of α-hydroxyoximes were synthesized and characterized. A new type of the adsorbent, cellulose triacetate (TAC) powder containing α-hydroxyoximes, has been prepared by dissolving cellulose triacetate with α-hydroxyoxime in 1, 2-dichloromethane, and pouring the mixture in hot water. The adsorption aspects of the TAC powder for the copper(II) ion from dilute aqueous solution were investigated for five kinds of α-hydroxyoximes. TAC powder containing α-hydroxyoximes was found to be useful for the preconcentration or the selective trapping of specific metal ions such as copper(II), nickel(II), at a low concentration level.
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Yoshito WAKUI, Hideyuki MATSUNAGA, Toshishige M. SUZUKI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
189-193
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A reagent-impregnated resin prepared from 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen 2-ethylhexylphosphonate (PC-88A) and Amber-lite XAD-7 beads was examined in order to apply it to the selective recovery of scandium. The distribution ratio of scandium to the present resin is extremely high (log
D_??_6), even in highly concentrated acids. The separation factors between Sc(III) and other common metal ions including Fe(III) are sufficiently large to allow effective separations. The selective recovery of Sc(III) from the acid-leached solutions of wolframite and tin slag has been carried out by using the present resin as the column stationary phase. The retained Sc(III) is released from the resin quantitatively by elution with 4-methyl-2-pentanone. Scandium has been isolated as a precipitate by treating Sc-PC-88A complex with oxalic acid in ethanol.
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Koichi YAMAMOTO, Shoji MOTOMIZU
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
195-200
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
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A. MASANA, M. HIDALGO, V. SALVADÓ, M. MUÑOZ, M. VALIENTE
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
201-205
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
A study on the separation of Pd(II) from chloride solutions by a solvent extraction process is presented. Organic solutions containing tridodecylammonium chloride (TLAHCl) in toluene were used as the extracting phase. The process determines the chemical species produced in the extraction reactions by analyzing, over a wide range of conditions, the equilibrium state of the system. The study, based on metal distribution measurements, includes the effect of aqueous chloride ion on the stability of the extracted species which affect the yield of palladium extraction. The extraction phenomena can be explained by assuming the following reactions: Pd
2++2Cl-+ TLAHCI_??_PdCl
2TLAHCl, Pd
2+2Cl-+2TLAHCl_??_PdCl
2(TLAHCl)
2, Pd
2++2Cl-+3TLAHCl_??_PdCl
2(TLAHCI)
3. These reactions give the best fit to the experimental information. The results obtained at 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0mol dm
-3 of aqueous chloride have been correlated in terms of ionic interactions.
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Katsunori TANAKA, Totaro IMASAKA, Nobuhiko ISHIBASHI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
207-208
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yong-Moon LEE, Hiroshi NAKAMURA, Terumi NAKAJIMA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
209-210
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Minoru TANAKA, Hiroshi INADA, Yoshihiro KAWAGUCHI, Toshiyuki SHONO
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
211-213
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kazuya OHCA, Yuji ARITOMI, Hiroshi OHTSU
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
215-216
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Shunitz TANAKA, Takashi KANETA, Hitoshi YOSHIDA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
217-218
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Mitsuhiko TACA, Masahiko KAN, Fumio KOMATSU, Shunitz TANAKA, Hitoshi Y ...
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
219-220
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
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Takeshi YAMANE, Eiichi GOTO
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
221-223
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kiyoshi HASEBE, Satoshi HIKIMA, Teiji KAKIZAKI, Hitoshi YOSHIDA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
225-226
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Reinhard NIESSNER, Martin BACKER
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
227-228
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Tsugio KOJIMA, Yasushi ASADA, Wei-Ping LI, Fujio MORISHITA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
229-230
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kunihiro WATANABE, Massoud HOJJATIE, Takeshi SHIMA, IZUO AOKI
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
231-233
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2007/07/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Masaya AOYAGI, Yoshiaki YASUMASA, Akemi NISHIDA
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
235-236
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kimiko KOBAYASHI, Yasuo FUJIMOTO, Hongcheng WANG, Aina LAO, Tosio SAKU ...
1989 年 5 巻 2 号 p.
237-238
発行日: 1989/04/10
公開日: 2006/06/30
ジャーナル
フリー
