The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics

Distribution and changes of antibiotic susceptibility of genus Haemophilus.

NOZOMU KOSAKAI, TOYOKO OGURI

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 159-166
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.159

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We studied on the distfibutlon and changes of antibiotic susceptibility of H.influemza, H. parainfluenzae and H.parahaemolyticus isolated from clinical materials, mainly from sputum and pharyngeal swabs. In this study we used 132 strains of H.influenzae, 89 strains of H.parainfluenzae and 43 strains of H.parahaemolyticus isolated during January and June of 1975, and estimated the susceptibility fbr the fbllowing eighteen antibiotics by the agar plate dilution method: ampicillin, amoxicillin, ciclacillin, sulbenicillin, carbenicillin, cephalotllin, cefazolin, ceftezole,cephalexin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, dibekacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol and colistin. We compared these with previously reported results and observed the changes of antibiotic susceptibility.
Ampicillin has the strongest antibiotic activity on three species of Haemophilus and the activity of four cephalosporins was weakest. Among three species H. parahaemolyticus was most susceptible and H. influenzae least susceptible to cephalosporins. Antibiotic activity of cyclacillin was rather weak. Other twelve antibiotics have good activity on Haemophilus.
We could not find any ampicillin-resistant strain, but found five (3.8%) streptomycin-resistant, one (0.8%) kanamycin-resistant, eleven (8.3%) tetracycline-resistant, and seven (5.3%) chloramphenicol-resistant strains of H. influenzae. Six years ago we found five (9.6%) streptomycin-resistant and one (1.9%) tetracycline-resistant strains, but no resistant strain to other antibiotics. Tetracycline-and chloramphenicol-resistant strains are supposed to have a tendency to increase. There were very few strains which were resistant to more than two antibiotics among H. influenzae.
We found a few strains resistant to tetracycline or chloramphenicol among H. parainfluenzae and H. parahaemolyticus, and one strain of H. parainfiuenzae was less susceptible to ampicillin.

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Comparative clinical experiment by double-blind method in acute lower urinary tract infections with pipemidic acid and piromidic acid

JOJI ISHIGAMI, TOSHIHIKO MITA, NOBUO KATAOKA, SHIGERU MIYAZAKI, KUNIHI ...

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 167-177
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.167

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Evaluation of midecamycin sensitivity disc.

YUTAKA KANAZAWA, TOSHIO KURAMATA

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 178-183
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.178

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Treatmont of scarlet fever of children with new oral cephalosporin granules (S-640P or cefatrizine granules)

HAJIME SATO, SUSUMU NAKAZAWA, HIDEJIRO CHIKAOKA, TSUYOSHI YAMAGUCHI

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 184-188
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.184

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Clinical studies with amoxicillin (Pasetocin®)

KEMJIRO ITO, KIYOSHI IZAWA, YUTAKA TANAKA, KAZUHIRO KOGURE, TAKASHI SA ...

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 189-196
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.189

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This paper describes briefly the results obtained with AMPC(Pasetocin®)administered by oral route to 21 patients with infection of the respiratory tract.
1. There was no difference in therapeutic effect on infection of the respiratory tract between daily dosages of 1,000mg and 750mg(the former was orally given in 4 divided doses every 6 hours a day and the latter in 3 divided doses after meal).The response of the patients to AMPC was remarkable or satisfactory. 2. Acute aggravation symptoms associated with chronic infection of the respiratory tract showed similar improvement to single acuto infection of the respiratory tract. 3. The patients presenting acute aggravation symptoms received treatment for chronic stage consisting of consecutive oral administration of AMPC(500-750mg a day)and their prognosis was favorable.Side effects attributable to prolonged treatment were not noted. 4. The incidence of side effects can be reduced largely by rejecting from AMPC therapy the patients who are hypersensitive to drugs including penicillins.

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Clinical experience with amoxicillin in otorhinolaryngology

FUMIO AZUMA

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 197-200
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.197

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This paper reports the clinical trial of amoxicillin.
(1) A daily dose of 750-1,000mg of amoxicillin was orally administered for 3-12days to 20 pationts,7 of which were with acute suppurative tympanitis,3 with furuncle of the ear,2 with furuncle of the nose and 8 with acute amygdalitis. As a result,amoxicillin proved remarkably effective or effective in 17 patients (85.0%).
(2) Amoxicillin was effective against: Staphylococcus aureus in 10 of 11 patients (99.9%) Staphylococcus epidermidis in 2 of 2 patients (100%) Streptococcus hemolyticus in 3 of 4 patients (75%) Streptococcus viridans in 1 of 1 patient (100%) Diplococcus pneumoniae in 1 of 1 patient(100%)
(3) Although one patient developed drug eruption, there were no side efrects that necessitated cessation of adrninistration.
From the above results,it is concluded that amoxicillin can be used in the treatment of otorhinolaryngologic infections.

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Blood concentration and urinary excretion in human of OE-7, a gastric hard capsule containing enteric-coated granules. I.

TAKASHI YAMASHITA, EIRO TSUBURA, TOMOAKI FUKUDA

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 201-206
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.201

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The investigation of physico-chemical properties and measurement of blood concentration and amount of excretion into urine in human of OE-7 (main constituent is erythromycin stearate) were perfbrmed as the fundamental studies.The results obtained were as follows;
i) OE-7 is a gastric hard capsule containing enteric coated granules.
ii) The contents of OE-7 capsule (granules) were resistant to acid and was favarable in the enteric solubility.
iii) In comparison with the conventional erythromycin stearate capsule in healthy adults, OE-7 showed a relatively small individual difference in blood concentration after administration.
iv) OE-7 was higher in the mean blood concentration and was superior in the persistence of effective blood concentration compared with the conventional erythromycin stearate capsules.

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[title in Japanese]

1976 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 207-218
Published: February 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11553/antibiotics1968b.29.207

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