The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics
Online ISSN : 2186-5477
Print ISSN : 0368-2781
ISSN-L : 0368-2781
Volume 35, Issue 12
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
  • KEIMEI MASHIMO
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2723-2735
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • IPPEI FUJIMORI
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2736-2747
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • MUNEHIRO ODA, SHUJI NAKAMURA, SUMIKO KOMATSU, MICHIO KAMBE, FUMIYASU T ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2748-2754
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Physiological activities of polysaccharide (hereafter called MPS-80) produced by Lactobacillus helveticus var.jugurti were investigated.
    1.The antitumor effect was observed when MPS-80 was administered before and/or after the inoculation of Sarcoma-180.
    2.The combined effect against Sarcoma-180 was observed when MPS-80 was used with mitomycin C, cyclophosph amide or bleomycin.
    3.MPS-80 delayed the appearance of 20-methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in mice.
    4.MPS-80 showed the protective effect on influenza virus infection of mice.
    5.MPS-80 induced the cytotoxic macrophages against EL4 murine leukemic cells.
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  • MAKOTO UTSUMI, TOMOMITSU HOTTA, KAZUYUKI SHIMIZU, TAIJI KATO, HIDEAKI ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2755-2759
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A total of19patients who had local or systemic infections with a variety of difficult-to-treat blood disorders were treated with cefoxitin (CFX).
    The following findings were obtained.
    1.Fifteen out of19patients' responses were judged “excellent” or “good” with an overall cure rate of 78.9%.
    2.As to the side effects of CFX, transient elevations in S-GOT, S-GPT were observed in3patients, urine protein in 2 patients, and hematuria in 1 patient.However, these abnormalities cannot be solely attributed to CFX because these patients were treated with either antitumor agents or aminoglycosides, and some had undergone blood transfusions.
    3.CFX should be considered for the treatment of severe infections because it is well tolerated, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and is highl yresistant to beta-lactamases.
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  • KIYOMI MORIKAWA
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2761-2767
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Eleven patients with cholesteatoma undergoing surgical procedures were treated with cefoxitin.
    The following findings were obtained:
    1.Eight out of11patients' responses were judged “good” and the remaining 3 were judged “fair” with a cure rate of72.7%.
    2.No untoward side effects and abnormalities in laboratory findings were noted on cefoxitin.
    3.Cefoxitin should be considered for the treatment of cholesteatoma undergoing surgical procedures because it is well tolerated, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens including anaerobes.
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  • WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO COMPARISON OF SERUM CONCENTRATIONS AFTER INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION, INTRAVENOUS INJECTION AND INTRAVENOUS DRIP INFUSION
    RINZO SOEJIMA, YOSHIHIKO TANO, YOSHIHITO NIKI, OSAMU KATOH
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2768-2772
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The serum concentrations of dibekacin (DKB) were determined in4healthy adult volunteers after intramuscular injection, intravenous injection and 1-hour or 2-hour intravenous drip infusion of100mg of DKB, and 1-hour drip infusion of 50mg.
    The mean peak concentration after the2-hour drip infusion of100mg of DKB was a rather low level. While the 1-hour drip infusion of 50mg of DKB produced a peak concentration of7.9μg/ml, which is comparable to that after intramuscular injection of100mg.In the cases of the 1-hour drip infusion of100mg, the peak serum level reached13.3μg/ml, which is a relatively higher level than that after intramuscular injection of the same dose.
    Based on the above findings, it is suggested that the 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of DKB in doses of 50mg to 100mg be practically applied for therapeutic use.
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  • RINZO SOEJIMA, YOSHIHITO NIKI, TOSHIHARU MATSUSHIMA, YOSHIHIKO TANO
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2773-2777
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The serum concentration, clinical efficacy and side effects of dibekacin (DKB) after intravenous drip infusion were studied in 6 patients with respiratory tract infections.
    Following 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of 50mg and 100mg of DKB, the peak serum concentrations reached 9.4μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml, respectively, at the time of termination of the infusion. After the 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of 50mg, the 6-hour urinary recovery rate of DKB was 77.9%
    In the treatment of 6 patients with chronic respiratory tract infections, the clinical efficacy was excellent in 1 patient, fair in 2 and poor in 1 after 1-hour drip infusion of 50mg, twice a day for 4 to 10 days, and good in 2cases after 1hour drip infusion of 100mg, twice a day for 7days and 10 days.
    No side effects nor abnormal clinical laboratory findings were observed except for one71year-old patient who showed a slight hearing loss less than 20dB.
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  • SUSUMU HARADA, MASAMITSU KIDO, AKIRA KAJIKI, YASUHIDE NAKAJIMA, AKIO K ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2779-2784
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Cefmetazole (CMZ) was used for the treatment of respiratory infections in 10 cases; six cases of bronchopneumonia, 2 cases of acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary emphysema or bronchitis disease, 1case of acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure and 1case of lung abscess. CMZ was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a daily dose of 2 to 4g fo 5 to 24 days. Intramuscular injection of gentamicin was combined in 2 cases.
    Clinical results were as follows;excellent in6cases, good in2cases, fair in1case and poor in 1case.
    As to the side effects of the drug, allergic reaction with fever and eosinophilia was observed in 1case. This side effect disappeared immediately after cessation of CMZ.
    In view of the above, CMZ may be considered to be a clinically useful antibiotic against respiratory infections.
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  • KEIRO ONO, KOICHI TADA, MASAHIRO NAKAMURA, HIROAKI HAMADA, KAZUTAKA HA ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2785-2796
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Investigation was made on the effectiveness and safety of amikacin (AMK) in the treatment of bacterial infections and prevention of postoperative infections in the orthopedic field. The details of 14 infectious patients treated with AMK were as follows; osteomyelitis in 5, purulent arthritis in 3, decubitius in 3, cystitis in 2 and purulent peritonitis in 1.For prevention of postoperative infections, AMK was administered to9patients.
    In 14 infectious patients, clinical response was excellent in 2, good in11and poor in1, while in9postoperative patients clinical response was excellent or good in all of them.As side effects, a slight rise of the GOT and GPT levels was observed in 1 but normalized by discontinuation of the medication. In the aspects of effectiveness and safety, AMK may be considered to be a useful available antibiotic in the orthopedic field.
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  • KEIICHI NAKAGAWA, TAKASHI YASUDA, YOSHIFUMI NAKAJIMA, YASUO WATANABE, ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2797-2804
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The pharmacokinetics of piperacillin (PIPC) after intravenous injection of 4g and 8g was studied on healthy volunteers, and the following results were obtained.
    1.Serum concentrations of PIPC were measured, and simulation curves were obtained by using 2-compartment model.PIPC has been found to produce higher serum level soon after intravenous administration and it was rapidly eliminated.
    2.In the view of pharmacokinetic parameter and peripheral compartment level of PIPC, it was estimated that distribution of PIPC of various tissues was prompt after administration.
    3.PIPC was excreted rapidly, and approximately100%excretion was observed up to8hours after instillation of 8g PIPC for 2hours.No accumulation of PIPC was noted.
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  • FUMIAKI TSUKIYAMA, MASAFUMI KATOH, TAKASHI IIDA, KOHJI NAKAMURA, TAKAS ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2805-2811
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Efficacy of 9 antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in relation to serotype and enzyme production was investigated on 68 strains isolated from patients at Hiroshima Prefectural Hiroshima Hospital during a period from November, 1980 through November, 1981. The results are summalized as follows.
    1.SISO was the most effective and followed with GM, AMK, CFS, CPM, PIPC, CPZ, CMX and SBPC in the order.
    2.Strains obtained from throat swab and sputum were relatively susceptible, while those from urine were resistant in general.
    3.As for serotype, strains belonged to type B were more susceptible than those of type E and G to 3 aminoglycosides.
    4.No characteristic pattern was observed between enzyme production and susceptibility.
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  • KEIU NINOMIYA, FUTOSHI OHBAYASHI, YUKIO HASEGAWA, KEIKO HAMAYA, TAKETO ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2812-2821
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It was known that antibacterial spectrum and activity of CTM were superior to those of other cephalosporins. Basic and clinical studies in the field of obstetrics and gynecology on CTM were carried out. The results were summarized as follows.
    1.Bacteriologically, the MIC of CTM against E.coli was less than 0.39mcg/ml with an inoculum size of 106 CFU/ml.The 50% of Bacteroides sp.were inhibited by CTM at a concentration of 25 mcg/ml or less.
    2.CTM was more stable against β-lactamase extracted from B.fragilis than CEZ or cefpiramide.
    3.After administration by the drip infusion of 1 g or 2 g to 5 cases, distribution of CTM to intrapelvic organs was measured.The results were relatively favourable.The concentration in the tissues was sufficient to inhibit clinical isolates such as E.coli and K. pneumoniae in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.
    4.CTM was administered to 6 cases of various infections, and clinical response was excellent in 2 cases and good in 4 cases.No side effect nor adverse reaction of CTM was observed. Consequently CTM was considered to be one of useful antibiotics.
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  • KAZUMI MAKISHIMA, NOBUO SO, HIROSHI WATANABE, TADASHI NAKASHIMA, TADAS ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2822-2824
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Transfer of cefsulodin (CFS) into otorrhea in 7 patients with chronic otitis media was compared by the cross over method with that of sulbenicillin (SBPC).The antibiotics were administered by 1 hour intravenous drip infusion to each patient.Otorrhea and serum samples were taken at 2 hours after start of dosing.The data obtained were as follows.
    1.Mean antibiotic concentrations in otorrhea were 4.33 μg/g and 12.19 μg/g respectively at 2 hours after start of dosing 1 g of CFS and 5 g of SBPC.
    2.Mean antibiotic concentrations in the serum obtained at the same time were 24.87 μg/ml for CFS and 137.57 μg/ml for SBPC.
    3.Ratios of the antibiotic concentration in otorrhea to that in serum were 17.4% for CFS and 8.9% for SBPC.
    4.The results suggest that CFS is more useful than SBPC for treatment of otitis media due to P. aeruginosa.
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  • RINYA SUGITA, SHOZO KAWAMURA, YUTAKA FUJIMAKI, KOICHI DEGUCHI
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2825-2830
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Transfer of cefsulodin (CFS) into otorrhea and its clinical effectiveness for the infection caused by P.aeruginosain otorhinolaryngological field were evaluated and following results were obtained.
    1. Transfer into otorrhea
    One gram of CFS was administered to acute otitis media cases by one shot intravenous injection.CFS levels in otorrhea after 30, 60 minutes and 120 minutes of injection were 14.5, 20.3μg/g and 31.9μg/g respectively and the level at 120minutes was higher than that of serum, i.e.21.3μg/ml.In case of 1 gram CFS intravenous infusion for 1hour to acute exacerbation cases of chronic otitis media, CFS levels in otorrhea after 60 (at the completionof infusion), 120, 150, 180,240minutes and480minutes of the start of infusion were 2.1, 2.2, 1.3, 2.0, 4.3μg/g and 2.3μg/g respectively.
    2. Clinical study
    CFS was administered to5cases of infection caused by P.aeruginosa, i.e.2cases of otitis media and each 1 case of mastoiditis, auricular perichondritis external otitis and local infection following upper jaw cancer. Clinical response was excellent in 4 cases and good in 1case showing the effectiveness rate of100%.
    As for the side effect, nausea was observed in1case.No abnormal change of laboratory findings was noticed.
    Thus, CFS is considered to be the useful drug for the treatment of infection caused by P. aeruginosa in otorhinolaryngological field.
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  • FUMIHIKO SATO, MASAYOSHI TACHIBANA, HITOSHI SAITO, OSAMU MIZUKOSHI, TA ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2831-2834
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The clinical effect of cefsulodin (CFS) on Pseudomonas species infections in otorhinolaryngologic field was studied in 10 patients.The overall clinical effectiveness was 80% (excellent 4, good 4, poor 2).
    The bacteriological response of CFS against Pseudomonas species was evaluated from 11 strains.Eradication rate of Pseudomonas species was82%.
    In 1case, body temperature was rised after injection.
    No abnormal laboratory findings, relating to the drug, were observed after treatment.
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  • KAZUMI MAKISHIMA, TADASHI NAKASHIMA, YOHICHI TORIYA, YOSHIHARU MURATA, ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2835-2838
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The clinical effect of cefsulodin (CFS) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in otorhinolaryngology was studied in 10 patients. The overall clinical effectiveness was 80% (excellent 2, good6, poor 2).
    Eradication rates of P. aeruginosa was 60%.
    No side effect and positive skin test were found in any cases.Examination of laboratory data before and after the administration revealed no abnormal findings in every cases.
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  • KEIICHI SATAKE, HIROTAKA OSAFUNE, SACHIE KOJIMA, SHUTARO UNOKI, ATSUSH ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2839-2843
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Clinical evaluation of cefsulodin (CFS) in treatment of infection in otorhinolaryngologic field wsa carried out and the following result was obtained.
    1.Daily1to5gram of CFS was administered in divided dose to 9cases of chronic purulent middle ear infection and postoperative wound infection.Clinical effectiveness was excellent, good and fair in 1, 2 and 5cases, respectively.
    2. No side effect as well as abnormal change of laboratory finding was observed.As.for ototoxicity to be the most concerned matter of physicians, CFS seems to have no special problem.
    Thus, CFS is considered to be the useful drug for the treatment of chronic purulent middle ear infection and postoperative wound infection caused by P. aeruginosa in the field of otorhinolaryngology, and synergistic clinical effect will be expected by the combination therapy with other antibiotics or local administration of CFS.
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  • SHIGERU FURUTA, KATSUNORI FUKUDA, YASOICHI OHHORI, KAZUAKI OGAWA, FUMI ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2844-2850
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Basic and clinical studies on cefsulodin (CFS) for treatment of infectious diseases in otorhinolaryngolo gical field were performed and the following results were obtained.
    1.The peak values in the serum levels of CFS were 18.7μg/m in0.5g and 43.0μg/ml in 1g at 30 minutes after a single intravenous injection. CFS was rapidly excreted from the blood after injection and was detected a little amount in serum at 6 hours after drug injection.
    2.The transference of drug into tonsilla palatina and the mucous membrane of maxillary sinus was relatively rapid and good.
    3. Chemotherapeutic results were excellent in 2 patients, good in 3 and poor in 2 with the infectious diseases in otorhinolaryngological field.
    4.No adverse effect nor abnormal values in laboratory findings were seen in every patients.
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  • MAINLY, THE EVALUATION FOR P. AERUGINOSA INFECTION
    SHUNKICHI BABA, TAKESHI MARUO, TORU SASAKI, KAZUO MIYANO, HIROMI MARUY ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2851-2860
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1.When CFS was administered in a dose of 1g by 1hour intravenous drip infusion, the averaged concentration in the otorrhea 2 hours after starting the infusion was 9.8μg/g, exceeding the MIC against P. aeruginosa.
    2. CFS was administered in doses of 0.5-3g/day to otorhinolaryngological infections and the followingefficacy rates were obtained; 100% (3/3) for acute suppurative otitis media, 76.9% (10/13) for acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, and 33.3% (1/3) for postoperative infections.
    3. CFS showed an excellent bacterial elimination rate of 63.2% (12/19) against P. aeruginosa.
    4. Two cases of side effects were observed (with the occurrence rate of 6.9% or 2/29), but the severity of these side effects was not high, thus showing CFS to be drug having a high safety.
    Based on the foregoing results, CFS was considered to be a drug having high utility against infections caused by P. aeruginosa in the field of otorhinolaryngology.
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  • ZENJIRO TAKASE, KIHEI ICHINOHE, TAKESHI KUTSUZAWA, YOSHITAKA YAMADA, Y ...
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2861-2877
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A study meeting was organized for evaluating the clinical utility of cefsulodin (CFS), a new synthesized cephalosporin for injection, in obstetric and gynecological infections, and the basic and clinical investigations were undertaken, in which the following results wereobtained.
    1. The MIC peaks of CFS, SBPC and GM against clinically isolated P. aeruginosa from obstetric and gynecological infections were 1.56, 25, μg/ml and 1.56, μg/ml, respectively, in the inoculum sizeof 106CFU/ml.
    2. As for the transmigration of CFS to the serum and tissues when the drug was administered by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour, the maximum concentration of 11.3μg/ml was attained in exudates in the pelvic dead space 2.25 hours after starting the infusion. The maximum transmigration concentrations to the genital tissues at 1.25 hours after starting the administration were 21.8μ/g and 22.9μg/g in the ovaries and oviducts, and at 1 hour after starting administration 40.4 μg/g and 31.2, μg/g in portio vaginalis and fundus uteri, respectively.
    The transmigration of CFS to exudates in the pelvic dead space and to the genital tissues was satisfactory (50-65% in the blood) and sufficient concentrations for prohibiting the growth of clinically isolated P. aeruginosain the field of obstetric and gynecology were recognized.Also, the transmigration of CFS into mother's milk after intravenous administration in a dose of 1 g showed vestigial concentration.
    3. In clinical evaluation, CFS was used in 11 cases of female genital infections.The clinical efficacy rate was 91%, with 1 excellent, 9 good, and 1 ineffective case.
    The diseasewise efficacy rates were 100% (2/2) in intrauterine infections, 86% (6/7) in intrapelvic infections, and 100% (2/2) in genital infections. As for thebacteriological effects against P. aeruginosawere eliminated in 64% (7/11), decreased in 9% (1/11), replaced in 18% (2/11), and unchanged in 9% (1/11), with the bacterial elimination rate of 91%.
    4. There were neither subjective and objective side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings. Basing on the above results, CFS is considered to have not only excellent basic and clinical features in treating obstetric and gynecological infections caused by P. aeruginosabut also extremely high clinical utility.
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  • AKIRA MOMOSE, ATSUHIRO KASAHARA, TAKESHI FUGONO, EIJI MIZUTA
    1982 Volume 35 Issue 12 Pages 2879-2893
    Published: December 25, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Distributions of cefsulodin (CFS) and cefotiam (CTM), new parenteral cephalosporins, to human aqueous humor and cornea were studied in comparison with those of sulbenicillin (SBPC) and cefazolin (CEZ), and pharmacokinetic analysis was made by theory of compartment model, to obtain the following results.
    1.Maximum aqueous humor levels of CFS and CTM were noticed at 2.5 hours after the start of 1g CFS or CTM administration by 30 minute intravenous drip infusion, with the levels of 3.6μg/ml and 4.2μg/ml respectively.On the other hand, in case of 5g SBPC or 2g CEZ administration maximum aqueous humor levelswere 12.5μg/ml and 5.2μg/ml respectively.
    2.The ratios of maximum aqueous humor level to plasma level of the same time in CFS, CTM, SBPC and CEZ were 15.0, 16.8, 6.4% and5.5%.Distribution of CFS or CTM was 2 to 3 times better than that of SBPC or CEZ.
    3.From the result of pharmacokinetic analysis, ratios of aqueous humor to plasma levels in area undercurves (AUC) of CFS, CTM, SBPC and CEZ were 25.6, 29.9, 16.4% and 7.9% respectively.Maximum aqueous humor levels of CFS, CTM, SBPC and CEZ were 2.9, 3.6, 11.4, μg/ml and 4.3μg/ml and biological half life of γ-phase were 2.57, 2.31, 2.77 hours and 2.24 hours respectively.
    4.Cornea levels of CFS or CTM at one hour after the start of 1g CFS or CTM administration by 30 minutes intravenous drip infusion were 2.9μg/g and 5.2μg/g, and their ratios to plasma level were 7.5% or 14.3% respectively. In case of 5g SBPC or 2g CEZ administration, the cornea levels were 26.7μg/g and 5.0μg/g, and the ratios were 9.4% and 3.4% respectively.
    5.From the above, the distribution of CFS or CTM to human aqueous humor and cornea is better than that of SBPC or CEZ, and it is considered that clinical usefulness of both CFS and CTM by parenteral administration is expected in intraocular infections.
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