All issues
Predecessor
Volume 37, Issue 1
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
KUNIHIRO OKAMURA, MASAAKI NAKAKUKI, KAZUNORI YAMADA, KAZUMI FURUKAWA, ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ) was evaluated for its clinical efficacy in a total of 12 cases, namely 3 cases of endometritis, 3 cases of intrapelvic infections, 4 cases of adnexitis and 2 cases of external genital infections.
In all the cases, CAZ was administered by intravenous drip infusion, and the duration of the treatment ranged from 3 to 22 days. Daily dose was 2 g in 10 cases, and in the remaining 2 cases, daily doses were changed during the course of treatment in the range from 2 to 4 g.
The clinical results of CAZ by disease were as follows; excellent in 1 case and good in 2 cases of endometritis, good in all the 3 cases of intrapelvic infections and the 4 cases of adnexitis, and excellent in 1 case and good in 1 case of external genital infections. The overall efficacy rate was 100%, namely, excellent in 2 cases and good in 10 cases of the total of 12 cases.
Neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings attributable to CAZ were observed in any of the cases.
From these results, we may conclude that CAZ is a safe antibiotic with satisfactory clinical effects on gynecological infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (517K) -
TATSUYA KOHARA, YUKIO MATSUI, TOSHIO MIZUTANI, MASAKAZU NODA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 6-13
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for transference into tissues and clinical efficacy in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and the following results were obtained:
1. After one shot intravenous injection of CAZ 1 g, favourable transference of CAZ into uterine tissues was observed. While the mean serum level at 1 hour after the administration was 50.2 μg/ml, the levels in oviduct, ovary, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis were 25.9, 31.6, 24.9, 24.5, 34.2 μg/g and 40.6 μg/g, respectively. The half-life of CAZ in these tissues ranged from 1.16 to 1.65 hours while that in serum was 1.24 hours.
2. The peak level in retroperitoneal space exudate (25.3 μg/ml) was obtained at 3 hours after one shot intravenous injection of CAZ 1 g. The level was still as high as 2.68 μg/ml even 12 hours after the administration.
3. Out of 4 cases of obstetric and gynecological infections, 3 cases were assessable, CAZ was effective in these 3 assessable cases. Neither adverse effects nor abnormalities in laboratory findings due to CAZ were observed.
Based on these results, CAZ is considered to be an highly effective antibiotic with good transference into uterine tissues and clinical efficacy in obstetric and gynecological infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (840K) -
KEIU NINOMIYA, TOSHIKO YOSHIMOTO, YUKIO HASEGAWA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 14-17
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ) exhibited in vitro activity greater than cefoperazone, cefotiam, cefmetazole and cefazolin and almost equal to cefotaxime (CTX), ceftizoxime (CZX) and latamoxef (LMOX) against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from obstetrical or gynecological infections excluding urinary tract infections. This drug demonstrated less activity than other 6 cephems against B. fragilis. Against anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, it showed less activity than other 6 cephems.
CAZ was administered to 11 patients with obstetrical and gynecological infections. The clinical results of this drug were as follows; excellent in each 1 case of parametritis, wound infection and BARTHOLIN'S abscess, good in 7 cases including 1 of puerperal fever, 2 of intrauterine infection and 4 of adnexitis, and poor in 1 case of adnexitis.
No side effects or haematobiochemical abnormalities were observed throughout this trial.View full abstractDownload PDF (410K) -
KUNIHIKO ITO, HIDEAKI KONDO, MOTOKI HAYASAKI, KATSUMI NODA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 18-22
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConcentrations of ceftazidime (CAZ) were examined in the pelvic dead space exudate in 6 patients who received radical hysterectomy due to uterocervical cancer. Data analysis was performed by the simulation curves prepared from pharmacokinetics parameters using the three-compartment model. Following 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of CAZ, the mean drug concentration in venous blood was 75.54 μg/ml at 1 hour after start of the infusion. The mean CAZ level in the pelvic dead space exudate was as high as 23.87 μg/ml at 2.09 hours after start of the infusion, and the AUC was 149.11 μg·hr/ml.
The above results suggest that CAZ is an useful drug clinically with good penetration into the pelvic dead space.View full abstractDownload PDF (597K) -
TAKAO YAMAMOTO, JINSUKE YASUDA, MASAAKI KANAO, HIROJI OKADA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental and clinical studies were performed on ceftazidime (CAZ), a new cephem antibiotic.
1. Following a single intravenous administration of 1g dose of CAZ, the transfer of CAZ to the internal genital organs was good. The transfer of CAZ to retroperitoneal fluid was excellent.
2. In a clinical trial, CAZ was given to 6 patients with obstetrical and gynecological infections.
The efficacy was evaluated as excellent in 3 cases and good in the other 3 cases.
No adverse effects were observed in any of the patients treated with CAZ.View full abstractDownload PDF (549K) -
MASAFUMI SHINTANI, KEIICHI TAKASHIMA, HIDENOBU KOSAKAI, TATSUO TAKAYAM ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 28-32
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was fundamentally and clinically studied. The follow-ing results were obtained.
1. Serum and internal genital tissue levels of CAZ were measured following intravenous drip infusion of 1g for 30 minutes.
Serum levels of more than 10 μg/ml and tissue levels of more than about 7 μg/ml were maintained after 2 hours to 2 hours and 30 minutes, respectively. Favourable transfer of CAZ into the pelvic dead space exudate was observed. The exudate level attained its peak of 31.54 μg/ml on average at 2 hours and was 16.8 μg/ml on average even at 8 hours after intravenous drip infusion.
2. A total of 6 cases comprising 1 of adnexitis, 2 of pyometra, 1 of endometritis and 2 of parametritis was treated with CAZ at a dose of 0.5-2.0g twice daily by intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion.
The clinical response was excellent in 1 case, good in 4 cases and poor in 1 case. Abnormal laboratory findings and side effects due to the drug were not noted.View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
TAKAHISA HORII, HIROSHI SUZUKI, YOKO TAKASHIMA, KIICHIRO NODA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 33-37
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental and clinical studies were carried out on ceftazidime (CAZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, with the following results.
1. Following each 1.0 g of drip infusion and bolus intravenous injection, transfer of CAZ to the internal genital organs was found to be good. Transfer of CAZ into exudate of the pelvic dead space was also good.
2. CAZ was given to 6 cases. Clinical efficacy was good in 5 cases and Nor in 1 case. No side effects were observed in any case.
3. The above results demonstrated that CAZ is a safe and effective drug.View full abstractDownload PDF (541K) -
KANJI SEIGA, KUNIHIKO YAMAJI, YOKO SUGIYAMA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 38-48
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ) was evaluated for its pharmacokinetics and clinical effects in the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological infections. The following results were obtained:
1. Transfer of CAZ into various parts in the uterus and the uterine adnexa was found to be satisfactory, and relatively high concentration of the drug was maintained in the pelvic dead space exudate.
2. Infections in the obstetrics and gynecology: 2-4g of CAZ was given to 12 patients for 4-11 days and satisfactory clinical effect was obtained in 9 patients.
There was a slight GOT elevation in 1 case but no other appreciable side effect or abnormal laboratory value was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1008K) -
KOJI HIRABAYASHI, ETSUKO OKADA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 49-56
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCeftazidime (CAZ) was studied for the transfer into intrapelvic tissues and for the clinical efficacy in the treatment of 20 cases of obstetrical and gynecological infections.
1. Transfer into the tissues
Following intravenous 1 hour-drip infusion of 1 g, favourable transfer of CAZ into intrapelvic tissues was observed. The peak drug level of 50-66μg/g was obtained at 5-36 minutes after completion of the administration.
2. Clinical evaluation
CAZ was administered at a daily dose of 2-4 g in 1-4 divided doses by intravenous drip infusion for 90 minutes. The subjects were patients with the following infections; pyometra (1), puerperal endometritis (3), parametritis (5), pelvioperitonitis (3), purulent lymphocyst (2), retroperitoneal abscess (1) and acute adnexitis (5). Clinical efficacy was; excellent in 15 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 2 cases, with the overall efficacy rate of 90.0%. No notable side effects or abnormal laboratory findings were observed except for eruption in 1 case.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
FUMIO DOKO1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 57-62
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBasic and clinical studies on ceftazidime (CAZ) were carried out in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The following results were obtained.
1. The CAZ levels in the pelvic dead space exudate and serum were measured with passage of time in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for uterine cervical cancer after intravenous drip infusion of 1 g for 30 minutes. The serum level attained the peak of 87.0μg/ml immediately after completion of the drip infusion and rapidly decreased thereafter. On the other hand, the pelvic dead space exudate level reached the peak of 27.9μg/ml at 1 hour after completion of the drip infusion and gradually decreased thereafter, keeping higher levels than the serum levels.
2. A total of 10 cases comprising 2 of adnexitis, 1 of pelveoperitonitis, 2 of pyometra and 5 of BARTHOLIN'S abscess was treated with CAZ intravenous injection at a dose of 1 g twice daily for 5-6 days. The clinical efficacy was excellent in 1 case and good in 9 cases. Neither adverse reactions nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed in any of the cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K) -
KAZUMA NAGASAWA, TAKUICHI SATO, JIRO SASAMURA, SHIGEMI SATO, TETSUYA T ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 63-87
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCefmetazole (CMZ) was administered to 102 infectious cases in the gynecoobstetric patients, and the basic and clinical studies have been performed.
The main findings obtained in the present study are:
1. Among 78 cases of CMZ administration immediately after the initial infection (A group), 42 remarkably effective (53.8%), 36 effective (46.2%) cases were observed. When other drugs were not effective after the initial infection, CMZ was administered (B group) to 24 cases, and 15 remarkably effective (62.5%), 9 effective (37.5%) cases were observed. Overall effectiveness in the A and B groups was 57 remarkably effective (55.9%) and 45 effective (44.1%) cases, which are very excellent clinical effects.
2. Among 102 cases, the pathogenic bacteria were found in 55 cases, and 29 cases out of the 55 (52.7%) showed infections with E. coli and with other bacteria having mixed infections. The effect of CMZ to E. coli as judged by MIC was excellent, proving the excellent clinical results.
3. E. coli and other Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in the B group showed resistance to ABPC, CEX, CEZ and CET, and after administering CMZ, all cases showed disappearance of these bacteria, but the increase in the resistant bacteria for CEX, CET and CEZ was obviously shown.
4. Subjective and objective adverse effects and clinical laboratory analysis showed no abnormal effect and values due to CMZ, and it was true of the case received 140 g in total of CMZ over 35 days, 4 g/day.
It may be concluded from the above findings that CMZ is very effective and safe antibiotic agent in the infections in the gynecoobstetrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (2276K) -
TAKASHI MOTOHIRO, KOICHI TANAKA, TATSUHIKO KOGA, YASUSHI SHIMADA, NAOF ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 88-96
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCefmetazole (CMZ), an antibiotic agent of the cephamycin group, is resistant to β-lactamase and has a broad antibacterial spectrum covering Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. However, it has not been indicated for Gram-positive cocci. We examined its clinical, bacteriological and side effects in 2 infants with pneumonia and 2 with pyothorax, which had been suggested to be caused by CEZ-resistant and CMZ-sensi-tive Staphylococcus aureus or other inflammatory organisms by a disc sensitivity test, for 2 years and 3 months from January, 1981 to March, 1983. The patients aged 1 to 22 months, and a mean daily dose of 108 to 115mg/kg was divided into 2 to 4 equal doses and injected into the vein at one shot for a mean of 19 days. The following results were obtained:
1. The clinical effect of CMZ was evaluated to be good in 1 and fair in 1 of 2 infants with pneumonia, and excellent in 1 and good in 1 of 2 with pyothorax.
2. Bacteriologically, S. aureus was removed in an infant with pneumonia and in 2 with pyothorax. Bacteriological test was not conducted in the remaining 1 with pneumonia.
3. No side effects were found in any cases. Eosinophilia appeared as an abnormal clinical test value in a case, but the number of eosinophils became normal after termination of the medication.
As mentioned above, CMZ manifested an excellent clinical effect in infants with pneumonia or pyothorax caused by S. aureus although the number of the patients was small. From the results the antibiotic agent can be expected to be effective in these disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (9259K) -
YOSHIHITO NIKI, NAOYUKI YOSHIDA, HIROKI HARA, RINZO SOEJIMA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 97-103
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCefoxitin (CFX) was used in 9 patients who had respiratory tract infections and following results were obtained:
1. CFX was used in 2 patients with acute pneumonia, 2 with lung abscess, 3 with a mixed infection of lung cancer, 1 with a mixed infection of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 with empyema. The overall efficacy rate was 77. 8%; results were excellent in 2, good in 5 and poor in 2.
2. Bacteriologically, all strains except P. aeruginosa were eradicated after treatment.
3. No side effects were observed. A slight transient elevation of transaminase was observed in 1 patient after doses of 4-8 g daily.
From the above, CFX seems to be a useful and safe drug as an initial choice in the treatment of respiratory tract infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (4853K) -
YUTAKA HIRANO, TOSHIKAZU WATANABE, SHUICHI MATSUMOTO, SHIGERU NISHIDA, ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 104-110
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCefoxitin (CFX) was administered to 49 hospitalized patients in the surgical field, and the following results were obtained:1. Clinical results of the 12 patients with surgical infections were excellent in 1 patient, good in 10, and poor in 1, with the efficacy rate of 91. 7%.2. CFX was also administered to 37 patients for prophylaxis of postoperative infections, and the clinical efficacy rate was 91. 7%.3. No side effects were seen besides mild eruption in 1 patient. The above results indicate that CFX is exceeding useful in surgical field.View full abstractDownload PDF (761K) -
HIDEO IKEMOTO, MASAAKI OHKOSHI, KEIMEI MASHIMO, KEIICHI NAKAGAWA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 111-121
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicronomicin sulfate (MCR) by intravenous drip infusion for internal field infections was studied in 30 cooperative research institutions and the following results were obtained.
1. Clinical efficacy of MCR on respiratory tract infections was 79.4% for pneumonia, 51.5% for chronic bronchitis and 81.0% for respiratory tract infections associated with bronchiectasis, respectively, with a total effectiveness rate of 70.9%.
2. MCR was effective on urinary tract infections with a rate of 85% and on septicemia with a rate of 80%.
3. There were no cases of clinical symptoms seemed to be adverse reactions. Abnormal laboratory test values were noted in 13 out of 167 cases (7.8%), but all of them were transient without severe reactions observed.
4. It is fully expected that MCR intravenous drip infusion for internal field infections is clinically effective.View full abstractDownload PDF (1059K) -
NOBUO KAWAMURA, MASAAKI OHKOSHI, KEIMEI MASHIMO, KEIICHI NAKAGAWA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 122-135
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere is a growing tendency that aminoglycosides are used by intravenous drip infusion. Micronomicin sulfate (MCR) is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic and its mild nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity demonstrated in animals set us to perform clinical studies, in which 22 institutions in Japan used this antibiotic by intravenous drip infusion for the treatment of urinary tract infections and reached the following conclusions:
1. The response rate in complicated urinary tract infections was 60.6% when daily 240mg was administered in 2 doses and 52.9% when daily 360mg was administered in 2 doses or 3 doses.
2. Intravenous drip infusion of daily 240 to 360mg of MCR did not present safety problems.
3. Intravenous drip infusion of MCR is therefore considered to be of clinical interests in urinary tract infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (1349K) -
AKIHISA KANAMARU, KIYOYASU NAGAI, TORU MASAOKA, HIROTOSHI SHIBATA, TER ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 136-144
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne hundred patients with severe infections associated with hematologic disorders, including leukemia and lymphoma, were treated with ceftizoxime (CZX) in daily doses of 4-9g for an average of 8.9 days.
In the 84 patients who completed the trial, response was excellent in 27 (32.1%) and moderate in 25 (29.8%). The rate of effectiveness was 61.9%.
The only side effect seen during the treatment was skin rash in 3 patients. Hepatic disorders were observed in 5 patients. The relation between CZX and these abnormal findings was not established.
These results indicate that CZX is a therapeutically effective and safe antibiotic for the treatment of severe infections in patients with underlying hematologic disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (901K) -
TAKAO YAMAMOTO, JINSUKE YASUDA, MASAAKI KANAO, HIROJI OKADA1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 145-151
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental and clinical studies were performed oh cefpiramide (CPM), a new cephem antibiotic, with the following results.
1. Following a single intravenous administration of 1.0g dose of CPM, the average serum level of CPM was 129.5 μg/ml after 1 hour and the half-life. in β-phase was about 5.0 hours.
The transfer of CPM to the internal genital organs was found to be good.
The transfer of CPM to retroperitoneal fluid was moderate.
2. In clinical trial, CPM was given to 9 patients with obstetrical and gynecological infection. Efficacy was excellent in 1 case and good in 6 cases (effectiveness rate: 77.8%).
3. No side effects were observed. In laboratory findings, a mild elevation of S-GOT was noted in 1 case.View full abstractDownload PDF (780K) -
MASAO HORII, TOKIO MORINAGA, TOYOJIRO TAKEUCHI, SOSHIRO SHIMADA, HIROY ...1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 152-175
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA comparative clinical study of cefaclor (CCL) with cephalexin (CEX) was carried out by randomized double-blind techniques in order to contemplate the clinical efficacy, side effects and usefulness in treatment of 243 patients with dental infections.
In the CEX group, CEX was orally administered 4 times a day at a daily dosage of 1,000mg for 3 to 5 days. In the CCL group, CCL was orally administered 3 times a day at a daily dosage of 750mg for 3 to 5 days and 1 capsule of placebo was also given every evening in order to keep the blindness of the administration.
Evaluable cases for efficacy of the drugs were 213 consisting of 108 for CCL and 105 for CEX.
There were no significant differences in background of the patients and severity of the disease between 2 treatment groups.
Clinical effectiveness on the 3rd day was 89.7% in CCL group and 78.6% in CEX group, showing significant difference between 2 treatment groups.
Clinical effectiveness on the final day of administration was 94.4% in CCL group and 92.4% in CEX group, showing no significant difference between 2 treatment groups.
Side effects were found in 10.5% of 114 patients receiving CCL and in 4.5% of 112 patients with CEX, and there was no significant difference between 2 treatment groups. The side effects were mostly gastrointestinal origin.
According to the judgement by physicians in charge, no significant difference was seen in clinical usefulness between the 2 drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (2497K) -
YUTAKA KANAZAWA, TOSHIO KURAMATA, KIYOYUKI MATSUMOTO1984 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 176-183
Published: January 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSusceptibilities of 77 strains of 24 bacterial species to cefmenoxime (CMX) were determined by the 2-fold agar dilution method in parallel with the diameter of inhibition zones by the single-disc method, under the experimental condition established by KANAZAWA.
The experiments demonstrated significant correlation between MIC by the dilution method and diameter of inhibition zone in each of conventional assay of the over-night (about 16 hours) incubation, delayed assay (about 24 hours incubation), and rapid assay (about 3-4 or 5-6 hours incubation), thus confirming applicability of the single-disc assay for CMX.
Analysis of the data obtained by using CMX disc containing 30 μg revealed the primary regression equation to be: D (diameter, mm)=25.5-9.3 log MIC (μg/ml) in conventional assay, D=30.8-12.0 log MIC (μg/ml) in delayed assay, D =20.9-6.9 log MIC (μg/ml) in 5-6 hours rapid assay, and D=16.8-4.8 log MIC (μg/ml) in 3-4 hours rapid assay, respectively.
The range of veriations in MICs estimated from the diameter of inhibition zone by the disc test was then calculated in comparison with that in MIC determined by the 2-fold agar dilution assays, as reference for the experimental errors which may be involved in the estimation of MIC of CMX by the single-disc assay.View full abstractDownload PDF (1093K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|