All issues
Predecessor
Volume 44, Issue 6
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
SHINICHI ISHIOKA, HIDETO YAMAKIDO, KYOUSUKE INYAKU, KENJI HASEGAWA, MI ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 605-613
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical studies on ceftriaxone (CTRX) were conducted with 2g once daily administration to respiratory tract infections. In addition, CTRX concentrations in serum, sputum and urine were determined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. Clinical responses to CTRX in a total of 29 cases with respiratory tract infections were excellent in 7 cases, good in 13, fair in 8 and poor in 1 with a response rate of 69.0%.
2. CTRX concentrations in serum, sputum and urine (total and free body) were determined in 3 cases after intravenous drip infusion of 2g CTRX. Peak levels in sputum were 2.6 to 7.8μg/ml, and CTRX maintained high sputum levels for 12 to 24 hours after administration.View full abstractDownload PDF (788K) -
JIRO YURA, NAGAO SHINAGAWA, SHU ISHIKAWA, KEIJI MASHITA, HIROAKI KINOS ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 614-624
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted clinical studies on fleroxacin (FLRX), a new pyridone carboxylic acid derivative, for the treatment of periproctal abscess, secondary infections (due to wounds, burns or surgical operations), mastitis or areolitis and others with once daily dose of 200 mg or 300 mg. We obtained the following results.
Clinical efficacy was evaluated in total 27 cases including periproctal abscess 11, secondary infection 8, mastitis or areolitis 6, phlegmon 1 and infected atheroma 1. Clinical efficacies were rated as excellent in 14, good in 9, fair in 4 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 85.2%. Bacteriological studies identified 14 strains of aerobic Gram-positive organisms, 12 of aerobicGram-negaive organisms and 6 of anaerobic organisms. The overall bacteriological efficacies were: eradicated in 26 strains, unchanged 2 and unidentified 4, hence the eradication rate was 92.9%.
As for side effects, anorexia and nausea were observed in one of the 27 cases. In clinical laboratory tests, slight elevations of GPT and BUN were observed in 1 case each.
We consider FLRX to be a useful antimicrobial agent at once daily dose for surgical infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (1082K) -
SEIJI MATSUDA, TETSUYA SHIMIZU, NANKUN CHO, KAZUO SATO, HIROSHI MINAGU ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 625-634
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFleroxacin (FLRX), a new quinolone oral antibacterial agent, was studied in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and the following results were obtained.
1. Clincal eMcacy was evaluated in 105 patients (intrauterine infection 38, adnexitis 28, extragenital organ infection 29, others 10), with an exclusion of 9 patients out of a total of 114 patients.FLRX was orally administered at 200mg or 300mg oncedaily.
2. Clinical emcacy rates were37/38 (97.4%) in intrauterine infection, 26/28 (92.9%) in adnexitis, 29/29 (100%) in extragenital organ infection and 10/10 (100%) in others.
3. EMcacy rates classified by isolated organisms were 23/23 (100%) in single infections by Gram-positive organisms, 11/13 (84.6%) in those by Gram-negative organisms, 8/9 (88.9%) in those by anaerobic organisms and 15/19 (78.9%) in mixedinfections.
4. Side effects were observed in 4cases (3.5%): gastrointestinal disorder with diarrhea and diarrhea in 1 patient each and insomnia in 2 patients.In laboratory examination, eosinophilia and elevation of GOT and GPT were noted in 1 patient each (1.9%).
Based on the aboveresults, we consider that FLRX is a useful drug for the obstetrical and gynecological infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (1006K) -
HEIHACHIRO KAWASAKI1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 635-642
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the current pharmacological problems with antibiotics is possible overdose among children of 7 years of age and older, when their dose was calculated on a per kg basis.
In order to evaluate the difficulties, a pharmacokinetic analysis of aztreonam (AZT), which is a monocyclic beta-lactam antimicrobial agent, was undertaken in 2 groups consisting of 5 children of ages 1-6 and 5 older children of 7-15.
Data from the younger children were fitted both to one-and two-compartment models while those from the older age group perfectly were fitted to a two-compartment model. Using these fitted curve, a simulation dose study was carried out in order to see if we can find a clue for a better dose calibration for the older group of children.
The results suggested that the dose of AZT in per kg basis for the older children can be reduced to 60% levels of the younger, that is, 60 mg/kg for the older in contrast to 100 mg/kg for the younger.View full abstractDownload PDF (891K) -
KENICHI TAMATE, KAZUO SENGOKU, MUTSUO ISHIKAWA, TETSUYA SHIMIZU, HIROM ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 643-651
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe placental passage and the the therapeutic efficacy of flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) were studied in patients in the perinatal period. A summary of the obtained results is as follows:
1. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid obtained upon one-shot intravenous injections to 12 patients were compared with those obtained upon 1 hour drip infusions to 9 patients. It was found that the former means of administration gave higher concentrations that the latter.
2. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fiuid at 1 to 6 hours after administration through either method were all higher than MIC80's of recognized bacteria.
3. Clincal emcacies were evaluated in 10 patients with puerperal intrauterine infection, 7 patients with endometritis, 2 patients with pyeronephritis and 1 patient each with endocervicitis, amniotic fluid infection, mastitis and perineal wound infection. Clinical ethcacies were excellent in 5 patients (2L7%), good in 17 patients (73.9%) and poor in 1 patient (4.4%), thus the overall efficacy rate was 95.7%.
4. Eradication of causative bacteria were obtained in all 8 cases tested, hence the eradication rate was 100%.
5. Mild diarrhea in 1 patient was the only side effect observed. No abnormal clinical laboratory test results were fbund in any patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (784K) -
SATORU MAKINODA, HIROYUKI TSURUTA, MASANORI IWAKI, HIROAKI NEGISHI, KA ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 652-658
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlomoxef (FMOX), a new oxacephem with low MIC values against not only Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) but also against Gram-positive cocci (GPC), was evaluated for its transfer into fetus, amniotic fluid, maternal milk, spinal fluid and urine during the perinatal period following a single intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 1g for 30 minutes. The results obtained are summarized below.
1. High concentrations of FMOX were demonstrated in maternal serum, umbilical arterial serum and amniotic fluid with Cmax values of 48.0, 10.99 and 10.20μg/ml, respectively.
2. Maternal urinary excretion rate was 65.4% in the first 6 hours after administration.
3. In contrast, maternal milk and spinal fluid levels were lower than 3 and 0.20μg/ml, respectively.
These results showed a good placental transfer of FMOX, which is very useful for various perinatal infections.
No adverse effects were observed in mothers and neonates during the course of this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
MASANORI IWAKI, SATORU MAKINODA, HIROAKI NEGISHI, KAORU HANATANI, TOSH ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 659-661
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical efficacies of flomoxef (FMOX), which is a newly developed oxacephem antibiotic, were evaluated in 14 cases of obstetric and gynecologic infections during the perinatal period. The results were excellent in 6 cases (42.9%) and good in 8 cases (57.1%). No side effects nor abnormal clinical laboratory test results were observed in mothers or neonates.
Thus, FMOX appears to be a useful antibiotic for perinatal infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (364K) -
TETSURO CHIMURA, NOBUYUKI MORISAKI, TOHRU FUNAYAMA1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 662-668
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted clinical eMcacy and safety tests of flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) in the perinatal infections and obtained the following results.
1. A total of 25 patients was treated: 16 patients with intrauterine infections, 2 patients with pelveoperitonitis, 4 patients with urinary tract infections and 3 patients with other infections. FMOX was injected at a daily dose of 2-4g for 3-15 days (6-60g for total dose) by intravenous drip infusion, intravenous injection or tl1eir combination.
2. Tlle c1inical efficacy rate was 96.0%of 25 patients: excellent in 4 cases (16.0%), good in 20 cases (80.0%) and poor in 1 case (4.0%).Bacteriological effects obtained were: eradicated in 14/16 cases (87.5%) replaced in 3 cases.
3. There were no subjective or objective side effects, nor were any abnormal laboratory test values attributable to the drug. From these findings, we consider that FMOX treatment appears to obtain good clinical and bacteriological responses and in safe in perinatal period infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
SEIJI MATSUDA, HIROAKI HIRAYAMA, KINKI OH1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 669-673
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacokinetic and clinical studies of flomoxef (FMOX) in perinatal period were carried out and the following results were obtained.
1. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were determined subsequently to intravenous injection (4 cases) and intravenous drip infusion method (20 cases) of 1g FMOX. Maternal serum levels were similar to those of healthy adults, and peak levels of umbilical cord sera and amniotic fluids were 12.0μg/ml and 12.05μg/ml, respectively, using intravenous drip infusion. The levels in amniotic fluids were higher than those in umbilical cord sera at 2 hours after treatment in either administration method. Parameters T 1/2 (β) and AUC were 1.05 hours and 74.1μ·hr/ml, respectively.
2. In the treatment of 4 cases with perinatal infection and in prophylaxis cases, clinical efficacies of FMOX were all good with 1g twice daily treatment using intravenous drip infusion.No side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values due to the drug were observed in any cases.
These results indicate that single intravenous drip infusion of FMOX 1-2g twice daily is effective for the treatment and the prophylaxis of perinatal infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
NANKUN CHO, KANGO FUKUNAGA, KATSUAKI KUNII, INTETSU KOBAYASHI1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 674-682
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on flomoxef (FMOX) in the perinatal period were carried out with the following summary of the results.
Antibacterial effects of FMOX on the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, MIC400aug/ml), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA, MIC 0.78 jug/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC 3.13 itg/ml and MIC 0.20 aug/ml) in amniotic fluid were determined and it was found that the activity of FMOX was enhanced in the amniotic fluid.
FMOX rapidly penetrated into tissues and sera of pregnant women upon intravenous injection and its maternal serum concentrations reached their peak levels shortly after administration. Placental penetration of FMOX to the fetus was good and, after single intravenous injection of 1 g, the concentrations of FMOX in the umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid exceeded MICs against major causative organisms of perinatal infections. These results indicate that single intravenous injection of FMOX 1 g twice a day is effective for the treatment and prophylaxis of perinatal infections.
Injection of FMOX for the treatment of 14 cases of puerperal infections showed excellent clinical effectiveness with 100%clinical effect and 81.8% bacteriological response. No side-effect was observed in any case.
All of these results suggested clinical usefulness of FMOX in the perinatal period.View full abstractDownload PDF (863K) -
KUNIHIKO ITO, HIROSHIGE MIKAMO, TERUHIKO TAMAYA, YOSHITAKA YAMADA, MOT ...1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 683-688
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacokinetic and clinical studies on flomoxef (FMOX) in the perinatal period were carried out. The results are summarized as follows.
1. The concentration of FMOX in umbilical cord serum was about 10 iug/ml in about 30 minutes after 1 g one shot intravenous injection. Amniotic fluid concentration was 7μg/ml in 41 minutes after administration. By 1 hour intravenous drip infusion, FMOX concentration in umbilical cord serum was about 5μg/ml in 2-3 hours after administration. Amniotic fluid concentration of about 20μg/ml was found in 1 case.
2. FMOX 1-2g× 2-3/day was given by intravenous drip infusion to 7 cases of perinatal infection for 4-26 days.
Clinical efficacies were evaluated as good for all cases. Neither side effect nor abnormal laboratory test value was observed.
Consequently, FMOX was considered to be highly effective and safe for its clinical use in perinatal period infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (493K) -
TAKAO YAMAMOTO, JINSUKE YASUDA, HIROJI OKADA, KAZUHIRO IWASAKU1991 Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 689-696
Published: June 25, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacokinetic and clinical studies on flomoxef (FMOX) in the perinatal period in obstetrics and gynecology were performed and the results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were determined after intravenous injection of 1 g. The maternal serum concentration was 41.9μg/ml at 16 minutes after administration, and gradually decreased thereafter to 1.36μg/ml at 5 hours 19 minutes.
The concentration of FMOX in umbilical cord serum was 17.5μg/ml at 16 minutes after administration, then gradually decreased thereafter, was slightly higher than that in maternal serum after approx. 3 hours and was 2.88μg/ml at 5 hours 19 minutes.
The amniotic fluid concentration was 0.31μg/ml at 16 minutes after administration, increased to 7.85-15.8μg/ml at approx. 3 hours, and gradually decreased while maintaining relatively high levels.
2. One or two grams of FMOX were given by intravenous drip infusion twice daily to 17 patients with perinatal infections for 5 to 7 days. Clinical efficacies were evaluated as excellent in 7 cases and good in 10, suggesting that FMOX was effective in all cases.
No subjective side effects were observed in any of the 17 patients. As to abnormal laboratory findings, a minor degree of elevation of GPT was observed in 1 patient and that of GOT·GPT in 1. No other abnormal changes in laboratory examinations were observed.
Considering the above results, we conclude that FMOX is a useful antibiotic in perinatal infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (959K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|