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Volume 51, Issue 1
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RIKA ISHIHARA, YUMIKO SUZUKI, YUKIKO ISHII, ARISA NAKAZAWA, KOICHI DEG ...1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefcapene (CFPN), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CFPN and reference drugs were determined against clinical isolates from respiratory tract infection of out patients that were obtained in our laboratory from January to June of 1997.
The results are summarized as follows;
1.The MIC90 of CFPN against penicillin (PC)-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PSSP) was equal to those of benzylpenicillin (PCG), ampicillin (ABPC) and cefditoren (CDTR), and was lower than those of cefaclor (CCL), cefdinir (CFDN) and erythromycin (EM).
2.The MIC90 of CFPN against PC-intermediate S.pneumoniae (PISP) /PC-resistant S.pneumoniae (PRSP) was equal to that of CDTR, and was lower than those of PCG, ABPC, CCL, CFDN and EM. CFPN showing strong antimicrobial activities against PISP.
3.CFPN showed strong antimicrobial activities against β-lactamase producing and non-producing Haemophilus influenzae.The MIC90 of CFPN was stronger than those of ABPC, CCL, CFDN and EM, and was approximately equal to that of CDTR.CFPN also showed strong antimicrobial activities against strains which did not produce any β-lactamase and were resistant to CCL with MIC of ≥25μg/ml.
4.Antimicrobial activities of CFPN against Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis was stronger than that of ABPC and CCL, though the MIC90 of CFPN was rather high, 3.13μg/ml.
5.CFPN showed strong antimicrobial activities against PISP and β-lactamase producing H.influenzae, and also against the CCL-resistant H. influenzae indicative mutations of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
From those results, cefcapen-pivoxil was found to be clinically effective against community acquired respiratory tract infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K) -
KEIZO YAMAGUCHI, AKIRA OHNO, SHUNJI TAKAHASHI, MUTSUMU HAYASHI, KIYOHA ...1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 11-25
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro antibacterial activity of the third-generation oral cephem cefteram (CFTM)-ten years after its first use in the clinical setting-against recent clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of other oral cephems.A total of 851 clinical isolates belonging to 13 species used in this study were collected from five medical institutions across Japan during 1996.
CFTM showed excellent antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible S.aureus and S. pyogenes, equivalent to those of other third-generation oral cephems, except cefixime.Of the S.pneumoniae strains, a high proportion, 34.1%, were penicillin-resistant strains (PRSP), with MIC values of 2.0μg/ml or above, but the MIC50 of CFTM against PRSP was 1.0μg/ml.
CFTM and the other third-generation oral cephems showed potent antibacterial activity against E. coli, K.pneumoniae, and P.mirabilis.A few strains of E.coli, however, were highly resistant to thirdgeneration oral cephems;that might include extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing strains.
MIC values against P.vulgaris varied significantly, depending on whether they were determined by the broth micro-dilution method or the agar dilution method;growth was observed at high concentrations in the broth micro-dilution method, in which the skip phenomenon was demonstrated, but not in the agar dilution method.The reason for this discrepancy is unknown.
Most strains of S.marcescens, C.freundii, and E.cloacae demonstrated resistance to CFTM and the other third-generation oral cephems.
CFTM and the other third-generation oral cephems showed excellent antibacterial activities against M (B.) catarrhalis, N.gonorrhoeae, and H.influenzae, including ampicillin-resistant strains.View full abstractDownload PDF (1513K) -
YOSHIHIRO FUJIUE, MASAO KUWABARA, KUNIO MUROKI, SATOMI SHIMIZU, YAEKO ...1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 26-36
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring the period of January 1992and August1995, 75strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from sputum at the Hiroshima Prefectural Hiroshima Hospital.The antimicrobial susceptibilities and serotypes of those strains were investigated.The results are summarized as follows:
1.The analyses of antimicrobial susceptibilities revealed that meropenem (MEPM) was the most active among the carbapenems tested against those P.aeruginosa strains with MIC of ≤6.25μg/ml.All of the strains were thus found to be susceptible to MEPM, while 9 strains out of 75 (12%) were resistant to imipenem showing cross-resistance to biapenem.
2.The activities of the 13-lactams other than carbapenems were found to be the order of cefozopran≥ceftazidime>aztreonam>piperacillin with MIC50 and MIC90 ranging of 3.13-6.25μg/ml and 25-≥100μg/ml, respectively.
3.Among aminoglycosides tested, 3strains (4.0%) of the strains showed resistance to amikacin, however none of them were resistant to tobramycin.
4.Distribution of serotypes among the strains was;type G 22.7%, type M21.3%, type A16.0%, type B13.3%and type E8.0%.Strains of types M and E showed multiple resistance to, β-lactams except carbapenems.
As documented in this study, the frequency of isolation of R-lactam-resistant P.aeruginosa (including carbapenem-resistant) is steadily increasing.Continuous surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility among clinically isolated P.aeruginosa seems to be necessary.View full abstractDownload PDF (1260K) -
Yamagata Study Group of Panipenem/Betamipron in Obstetric and Gynecological infectionsTETSURO CHIMURA, TAKAHARE ODA, NORIYASU SAITO, NOBUYUKI MORISAKI, MASA ...1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 37-45
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEfficacy and safety of panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP) in treatment of obstetric and gynecological infections, and change of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in blood, as markers of infection, were investigated.The results were as follows;
1) Clinical efficacy of PAPM/BP by drip infusion of 1-2g/day for 3-14 days against52patients with intrauterine infection (n=29), pelveoperitonitis (n=19), and other infections were 14 “Excellent” in 14 cases, “Good” in35cases, and efficacy rate was 94.2% (49/52).Both efficacy rate analy by causative organisms and eradication rate were 35/37 (94.6%).No subjective or objective side effects and no abnormal labolatory findings were observed.
2) Changes of IL-6 (>4μg/ml) levels in serum, as an infection marker, were observed in 8 cases out of 14cases (57.1%), and correlation between CRP and IL-6 in the treatment process was noticed.However, changes of serum IL-8 (>12.5μg/ml) were observed in only2cases of those14cases (14.3%), indicative that IL-8 has no significance as a marker of infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K)
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