The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 560 bacterialstrains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 9 hospitals during the period of June 1997 to May 1998. Of the above bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of themwere
Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were Escherichiacoli.
Susceptibilities of several isolated bacteria to antimicrobial agents were as followed;
1.
Enterococcus faecalisAmpicillin (ABPC) showed the highest activity against E. faecalis isolated from patients with UTIs. Its MIC
90 was 1μg/ml. Imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) were also active with the MIC
90s of 2μg/ml. Theothers had low activities with the MIC
90s of 16μg/ml or above.
2.
Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA
VCM and arbekacin (ABK) showed the highest activities against both
S. aureus and MRSA isolated frompatients with UTIs. The MIC
90s of them were 1μg/ml. The others except minocycline (MINO) had low activitieswith the MIC
90s of 32μg/ml or above. More than a half of
S. aureus strains (including MRSA) showed high susceptibilitiesto gentamicin (GM) and MINO, the MIC
50s of 0.25μg/ml or 0.5μg/ml.
3.
Enterobacter cloacaeIPM showed the highest activity against E. cloacae. The MICs for all strains were equal to or lower than1μg/ml. The MIC
90s of ciproHoxacin (CPFX) and tosufloxacin (TFLX) were 1μg/ml, the MIC
90s of amikacin (AMK) and ofloxacin (OFLX) were 4μg/ml, the MIC
90 of GM was 16μg/ml. Among E. cloacae strains, thosewith low susceptibilities to quinolones have decreased in 1997, compared with those in 1996. But the other drugswere not so active in 1997 as 1996.
4.
Escherichia coliAll drugs except penicillins were active against E. coli with the MIC
90s of 8μg/ml or below. Particularly, flomoxef (FMOX), cefmenoxime (CMX), cefpirome (CPR), cefozopran (CZOP), IPM, CPFX and TFLX showedthe highest activities against E. coli with the MIC
90s of 0.125μg/ml or below.
5.
Klebsiella pneumoniaeK. pneumoniae was susceptible to almost all the drugs except penicillins. Carumonam (CRMN) had thestrongest activity with the MICs for all strains equal to or lower than 0.125μg/ml. FMOX, CPR, CZOP, CPFXand TFLX were also active with the MIC
90s of 0.125μg/ml or below. The MIC
90s of quinolones had changed intoa better state in 1997, compared with those in 1996.
6.
Proteus mirabilisAlmost all the drugs except ABPC and MINO showed high activities against P. mirabilis. CMX, ceftazidime (CAZ), latamoxef (LMOX), CPR, cefixime (CFIX), cefpodoxime (CPDX) and CRMN showed the highest activitiesagainst
P. mirabilis. The MICs of them for all strains were equal to or lower than 0.125μg/ml. CPFX andTFLX were also active with the MIC
90s of 0.125μg/ml or below.
7.
Pseudomonas aeruginosaThe MIC
90 of GM was 8μg/ml, the MIC
90s of AMK, IPM and meropenem (MEPM) were 16μg/ml. Theothers were not so active against P. aeruginosa with the MIC
90s of 32μg/ml orabove. The MIC
90s of quinoloneshad changed into a lower state in 1997, compared with those in 1996.
8.
Serratia marcescensIPM showed the highest activity against
S. marcescens. Its MIC
90 was 2μg/ml. GM was also active with theMIC
90 of 4μg/ml. The MIC
90s of the others were 16μg/ml or above. The MIC
50s of CRMN was 0.125μg/ml or below, the MIC
50s of CPR and CZOP were 0.25μg/ml.
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