We determined the antib acterial activity of meropenem (MEPM) and control drugs against clinical isolates of 310 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (14 species), 590 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (21 species), and 120 strains of anaerobic bacteria (10 species) in 1999. We compared the results thus obtained with thosein 1993 and 1997. The results were as follows;
1. MEPM showed excellent antibacterial activities against most of the species tested, except for MRSA,E. faecium, E. avium, and methicillin-resistantS. epidermidis (MRSE).
2. MEPM had much higher activity than IPMand PAPM against Gram-negative bacteria includingS. marcescensandPaeruginosa, part of which have been reported to produce metallo-β-lactamase.
3. There was little difference in the susceptibility of clinical isolates to MEPM between 1993 and 1999. Thus MEPM was shown to retain itspotent and broad antibacterial activity now at the same level as before available for use in 1995.

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Effectiveness and safety of cefpirome (CPR) were studied in perinatal infection and prevention of postoperative infections.
1. Enrolled in the study of perinatal infections were the total 62 cases comprising 47 of chorioamnionitis, 10 of puerperal intrauterine infections, 1 of infectious abortion and 4 of others. The effective rate of CPR 2 g/day given in drip infusion was 61/62 (98.4%). In bacteriological studies, the bacterial elimination rate was 57/61 (93.4%). Unchanged and remained were 3 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 1 strain of Bacteroides spp.
2. Enrolled in the study of prevention of postoperative infections during perinatal period were the total 88 cases comprising 74 who underwent cesarean section and 14 others. The effective rate of CPR 2g/day given in drip infusion was 87/88 (98.9%).
3. With respect to subjective and objective adverse affects due to the agent, drug eruption was observed in 1/150 (0.7%). No abnormal result of clinical laboratory tests was found.
The above results suggested the usefulness of CPR for treatment of perinatal infections and prevention of postoperative infections.

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