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CYTOTETRIN, A NEW ANTITUMOR ANTIBIOTIC
JÁNOS BÉRDY, JÓZSEF ZSADÁNYI, MÁRIA ...
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
209-214
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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From the culture broth of
Streptomyces griseoflavus a new orange red basic antibiotic named cytotetrin complex was isolated by solvent extraction. The complex was fractionated into five active components, cytotetrins A, B, C, D and E, respectively. The physical, chemical and biological properties of each cytotetrin are discussed. They are active against Gram-positive microorganisms and some tumors. Cytotetrin is related to nogalamycin.
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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TUNICAMYCIN
AKIRA TAKATSUKI, KEI ARIMA, GAKUZO TAMURA
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
215-223
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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Tunicamycin is a new antiviral antibiotic produced by
Streptomyces lysosuperificus, nov. sp. The active substance in culture broth is purified by solvent extraction followed by chromatography on silicic acid. It has a mole- cular weight of about 870. The antibiotic is active against animal and plant viruses, Gram-positive bacteria, yeast and fungi. Tunicamycin is similar in some properties to a few known antibiotics but differs from them in certain special characteristics.
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SOME BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF TUNICAMYCIN
AKIRA TAKATSUKI, GAKUZO TAMURA
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
224-231
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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Tunicamycin showed antiviral activity in the agar diffusion, cytopathic effect suppression and plaque reduction tests against the multiplication of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in cultured chick embryo fibroblasts. It also inhibited virus multiplication in embryonated eggs. The antiviral activity was observed whenever the antibiotic was added during a one-step growth cycle of NDV. Reversal of the antiviral activity of tunicamycin was observed after removal of the antibiotic, but treatment for more than 2 hours permitted only slight recovery of the virus growth. Static cells were insensitive to tunicamycin, but the antibiotic effected on growing cells. These effects will be correlated with the mode of action of the antibiotic.
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REVERSAL OF THE ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF TUNICAMYCIN BY AMINOSUGARS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
AKIRA TAKATSUKI, GAKUZO TAMURA
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
232-238
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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The antiviral activity of tunicamycin, an antibiotic containing glucosamine, was partially reversed with some aminosugars and their derivatives. N-Acetyl- D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosamine, and Nhexanoyl- and N-heptanoyl-D-glucosamines were the most potential competitors among all tested. D-Glucosamine, D-mannosamine and D-galactosamine were not as effective as their derivatives because of their toxicity. Pentoses, hexoses, methylpentoses and the other sugars examined were not as active as the abovementioned aminosugar derivatives. Reversal of the antiviral activity of tunicamycin with aminosugars and their derivative was partial, and full reversal was not observed with any sugar or any combination of sugars examined. Cholesterol did not affect the antiviral activity of tunicamycin, and Mg
++ had only a slight effect.
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L-2-AMINO-4-PENTYNOIC ACID
JAMES P. SCANNELL, DAVID L. PRUESS, THOMAS C. DEMNY, FLORENCE WEISS, T ...
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
239-244
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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L-2-Amino-4-pentynoic acid was isolated from a streptomycete fermenta- tion and shown to inhibit the growth of
Bacillus subtilis in a chemically defined medium. This growth inhibition was reversed by L-methionine or L-leucine.
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M. V. KADKOL, K. S. GOPALKRISHNAN, N. NARASIMHACHARI
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
245-248
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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Torula herbarum (PERS.) LINK Ex. Fr. is a dermataceous fungus regularly associated with dry leaves and twigs of
Felia microphylla LIEBM. In submerged cultures the organism produces weakantimicrobial substances whengrown n CZAPEK's or in a malt extract medium. The temperature range for the growth of the organism was found to be 24-28°C and no growth occurred at 5° or 37°C. Nitrogen and carbon utilization studies indicated tyrosine and levulose to be the best sources, followed by ammonium tartrate and glucose respectively. Based on these studies a synthetic mediumwas developed for the optimum production of pigments.
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R. NAGARAJAN, N. NARSHIMHACHARI, M. V. KADKOL, K. S. GOPALKRISHNAN
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
249-252
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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Herbarin and dehydroherbarin, isolated from the fungus
Torula herbarum (PERS.), belong to the class of pigments in which a naphthaquinone moiety is fused to an oxacyclohexene ring at the 1, 2-positions. Their structures are discussed.
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TAKEHIKO KUNIMOTO, TSUTOMU SAWA, TAKASHI WAKASHIRO, MAKOTO HORI, HAMAO ...
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
253-258
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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It is strongly suggested that none of adenine, adenosine, pool-adenylic acid and RNA-adenine is a direct precursor of formycin while that ribose is exclusively incorporated into the ribosyl moiety. Biosynthesis of formycin does not seem to be closely related to purine metabolism.
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KENJI UCHIDA, TOSHIO ICHIKAWA, YASUTAKA SHIMAUCHI, TOMOYUKI ISHIKURA, ...
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
259-262
Published: April 25, 1971
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During the course of our screening program for antibiotics, we have isolated a new antibiotic, named hikizimycin, from the fermentation broth of
Streptomyces sp., strain A-5 which was obtained from a soil sample collected at the Hikizi river-side, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
Hikizimycin is active against fungi, especially phytopathogenic fungi. This report describes the characteristics of the producing strain, the fermentation process, the isolation procedure and some of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the antibiotic.
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DEBESH MUKHERJEE, HEMENDRA NATH GHOSH, SUPRAVAT MUKHERJEE
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
263-265
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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Tetracycline-induced fatty metamorphosis of the liver
1) of human and experimental animals has already been reported. Einheber
et al.2) demonstrated that there is increased accumulation of glyceride in the liver of mice after administration of chlortetracycline. In tetracycline-treated rat the secretion of triglyceride by the liver is impaired
3) and the stimulation of triglyceride synthesis observed in liver of drug-treated animals is due to preferential utilization of free fatty acids. In the liver, triglyceride synthesis is believed to occur in microsomal tissue and soluble cytoplasm
4). The fatty acid portion of the molecule is derived either from plasma or endogenously formed free fatty acids within the liver. Wehave demonstrated
5) that in experimental animal, tetracycline enhances the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, resulting in, elevation of plasma free fatty acid concentration. The present study describes the effect of antibiotic on fatty acid and cholesterol biogenesis in the liver slices of tetracycline-treated rats when the drug was administered at a therapeutic level.
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ANTONIO PORTOLES, MANUEL ESPINOSA, ANTONIO HIDALGO
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
266-269
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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ATSUSHI TAMURA, IMAO TAKEDA, SHUNSUKE NARUTO, YOSHIO YOSHIMURA
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
270
Published: April 25, 1971
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Franqois Poty, Albert Goze, Pierre Gagnon
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
271-272
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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ROBERT S. ROBISON, ADORJAN ASZALOS, NANCY KRAEMER, SUZANNE M. GIANNINI
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
273
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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SUMIO UMEZAWA, TSUTOMU TSUCHIYA, RYUJIRO MUTO, YOSHIO NISHIMURA, HAMAO ...
1971 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
274-275
Published: April 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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