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(S)-ALANYL-3-[α-(S)-CHLORO-3-(S)-HYDROXY-2-OXO-3-AZETIDINYLMETHYL]-(S)- ALANINE, A NEW β-LACTAM CONTAINING NATURAL PRODUCT
JAMES P. SCANNELL, DAVID L. PRUESS, JOHN F. BLOUNT, HELEN A. AX, MARTH ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
1-6
Published: 1975
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(S)-Alanyl-3-[α-(S)-chloro-3-(S)-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-azetidinylmethyl]-(S)-alanine was isolated from a fermentation broth of an unidentified
Streptomyces species 372 A. The structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The substance inhibits the growth of several strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in a chemically defined medium but growth inhibition is relieved by addition of L-glutamine to the medium.
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ISAMU YAMAGUCHI, HIROKO SHIBATA, HARUO SETO, TOMOMASA MISATO
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
7-14
Published: 1975
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An enzyme catalyzing the deamination of the cytosine moiety of blasticidin S was extracted from a fungal strain that belongs to
Aspergillus terreus. The enzyme was purified with ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 column and DEAE cellulose column chromatography, followed by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Blasticidin S deaminase could be separated easily from co-existing cytidine deaminase by DEAE column chromatography or gel electrophoresis, and preliminary study on the substrate specificity showed that this enzyme acts on blasticidin S derivatives, such as cytomycin and acetylblasticidin S, but not on cytosine, cytidine, purine bases or their nucleosides. Blasticidin S deaminase could be induced by the addition of blasticidin S to the culture, and sulfhydryl compounds, such as mercapto-ethanol, were effective in protecting the enzyme from inactivation. The homogeneity of the enzyme was examined by both sedimentation analysis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight and isoelectric point were found to be around 30, 000 and 4.35, respectively. Some other properties were also examined.
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PREPARATION OF 14C-LABELED LANKACIDIN C 14-PROPIONATE
KAZUNORI HATANO, SETSUO HARADA, TOYOKAZU KISHI
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
15-20
Published: 1975
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To investigate the metabolic fate of lankacidin C 14-propionate in experimental animals, the
14C-labeled antibiotic was prepared by the fermentation of
Streptomyces rochei var.
volubilis in the presence of various
14C-labeled organic carboxylic acids, amino acids and carbohydrates. Significant incorporation (20-40%) was observed with L-methionine-methyl-
14C. Lankacidin C 14-propionate-
14C (specific activity 49.6 μCi/mg) was obtained from lankacidin C-
14C and ethyl propionate by the action of an acylase of the streptomyces.
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TAXONOMY OF THE PRODUCING ORGANISM, FERMENTATIVE PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SAGAMICIN
TAKASHI NARA, ISAO KAWAMOTO, RYO OKACHI, SEIGO TAKASAWA, MITSUYOSHI YA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
21-28
Published: 1975
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Cultures of
Micromonospora species, strains MK 65 and MK 62, were found to produce a new antibiotic XK-62-2 (Sagamicin). Antibacterial and paperchromatographic data on an eluate from IRC-50 treatment of fermentation beers indicated that XK-62-2 is a new antibiotic with broad spectrum, basic, and water-soluble properties.
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THE STRUCTURE OF XK-62-2, A NEW GENTAMICIN C COMPLEX ANTIBIOTIC
RICHARD S. EGAN, R. LARRY DEVAULT, SANDRA L. MUELLER, MILTON I. LEVENB ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
29-34
Published: 1975
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The structure of XK-62-2 has been firmly established to be 6'-
N-methylgentamicin C
1a (
3) by application of spectroscopic methods in conjunction with chemical degradation. The data obtained in every case are completely consistent with the proposed structure.
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GENTAMICIN C2b, AN AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCED BY MICROMONOSPORA PURPUREA MUTANT JI-33
PETER J. L. DANIELS, CHARLES LUCE, T. L. NAGABHUSHAN, ROBERT S. JARET, ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
35-41
Published: 1975
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A mutant strain of
Micromonospora purpurea, designated var. JI-33, produced an antibiotic complex consisting primarily of gentamicin C
1a. A further product of this fermentation was identical to a very minor component isolated from the fermentation of the parent organism and named gentamicin C
2b. Physical measurements indicated its structure to be 6'-
N-methylgentamicin C
1a, and this was confirmed by synthesis from gentamicin C
1a. The
in vitro antibacterial activity of gentamicin C
2b was very similar to that of the gentamicin C complex. Antibiotic XK-62-2, produced by
Micromonospora sagamiensis, appears to be identical to gentamicin C
2b.
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ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE OF 3-N-ACETYLRIBOSTAMYCIN, A MICROBIOLOGICALLY INACTIVE PRODUCT OF RIBOSTAMYCIN PRODUCED BY STREPTOMYCES RIBOSIDIFICUS
MICHIO KOJIMA, NORIO EZAKI, SHOICHI AMANO, SHIGEHARU INOUYE, TARO NIID ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
42-47
Published: 1975
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The isolation and structure determination of 3-N-acetylribostamycin, a microbiologically inactive derivative, produced enzymatically from ribostamycin by
Streptomyces ribosidi ficus is described. The location of the acetyl group was established by mass and NMR spectrometry of the new compound and its derivatives, and by optical rotation studies conducted on N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-deoxystreptamine. The latter compound was obtained by partial acid hydrolysis of tri-N-ethoxycarbonyl-N-acetylribostamycin.
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FORMATION, STRUCTURE AND SYNTHESIS OF 3-N-CARBOXYMETHYL RIBOSTAMYCIN
MICHIO KOJIMA, SHIGEHARU INOUYE, TARO NIIDA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
48-55
Published: 1975
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A new inactivated product of ribostamycin (SF-733), 3-N-carboxymethyl ribostamycin, was obtained from the broth of
Streptomyces ribosidificus which was grown on a medium containing D-xylose. Detection and some biochemical mechanism of N-carboxymethylation were discussed, and structure of 3-N-carboxymethyl ribostamycin was proposed based on the chemical degradation and synthesis.
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STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTICS FROM THE GENUS BACILLUS. I
JUN'ICHI SHOJI, HIROSHI HINOO, YOSHIHARU WAKISAKA, KENZO KOIZUMI, MIKA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
56-59
Published: 1975
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Two new antibiotics cerexins A and B were isolated from different strains identified with
Bacillus cereus. These two antibiotics are amphoteric in nature, soluble in particular solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide and alkaline water. and show typical infrared absorptions of peptide. These also have similar antimicrobial properties active against gram-positive bacteria.
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STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTICS FROM THE GENUS BACILLUS. II
JUN'ICHI SHOJI, HIROSHI HINOO
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
60-63
Published: 1975
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Acid hydrolysis revealed that the antibiotic cerexin A is constructed with aspartic acid (3), threonine (1), serine (1), valine (2),
allo-isoleucine (1), γ-hydroxylysine (1), tryptophan (1), and a variety of fatty acid residues. The essential difference between cerexins A and B is concluded to be replacement of serine and one valine residue in cerexin A by glycine and phenylalanine in cerexin B. Isolation of a new amino acid L-
threo-γ-hydroxylysine is also described.
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KAZUYOSHI TORIYAMA, HIROSHI FUJITA, NAKAO ISHIDA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
64-72
Published: 1975
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Distribution, excretion and toxicity of an antitumor protein, neocarzinostatin (NCS) were examined in mice after oral administration. The oral LD
50 was 1 g/kg compared to 1 mg/kg after intravenous injection. After oral administration of 200 mg/kg of NCS, the tissue level was low but detectable in lung, skin and pancreas in addition to the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. The NCS level in lung and skin remained constant through 6 hours. In gastrointestinal tissues after oral administration the level was higher in the stomach than the large intestine or small intestine. The total recovery of orally administered NCS in feces of mice was 26.5% of the given dose during the first 12 hours. Inactivation of NCS by homogenates of small and large intestines (about 50%) was found in
in vitro experiments.
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II. CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCED BY MYCOPLASMA SP. RPIII
M. SYLVESTRE, D. PERLMAN
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
73-74
Published: 1975
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H. HEDING, A. DIEDRICHSEN
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
75-76
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KIYOO ATSUMI, RUIKO OIWA, SATOSHI OMURA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
77-78
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SHINICHI KONDO, KATSUHARU IINUMA, HIROSHI NAGANAWA, MASARU SHIMURA, YA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
79-82
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MASARU SHIMURA, YASUHARU SEKIZAWA, KATSUHARU IINUMA, HIROSHI NAGANAWA, ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
83-84
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THOMAS H. WILLIAMS
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
85-86
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HAMAO UMEZAWA, TOMIO TAKEUCHI, HIRONOBU IINUMA, MANABU ITO, MASAAKI IS ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
87-90
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D. G. MARTIN, C. G. CHIDESTER, S. A. MIZSAK, D. J. DUCHAMP, L. BACZYNS ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages
91-93
Published: 1975
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