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III. A NEW COMPONENT, NANAOMYCIN C, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF NANAOMYCIN DERIVATIVES
HARUO TANAKA, HIROFUTO MARUMO, TOSHIAKI NAGAI, MASAFUMI OKADA, KAZUYOS ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
925-930
Published: 1975
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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A new component, nanaomycin C, has been isolated from the culture medium of
Streptomyces rosa var.
notoensis, which had been found to produce nanaomycins A and B. Nanaomycin C is an amide of nanaomycin A. Biological activities of nanaomycin C and several derivatives of nanaomycin A are also shown. Acetylnanaomycin A exhibits as strong activities against Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and
Mycoplasma gallisepticum as nanaomycin A.
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TOKUO KUBOTA, HIROSHI HINOH, MIKAO MAYAMA, KIYOSHI MOTOKAWA, YUKIO YAS ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
931-934
Published: 1975
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An antibiotic, A-130, was isolated from a strain identified as
Streptomyces hygroscopicus. strain A-130. The antibiotic belongs to the nigericin group and, like dianemycin, has an α, β-unsaturated ketone chromophore in its molecule. A-130 is active against gram-positive organisms.
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I. TAXONOMY, ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
NOBUO KANDA, NOBORU ISHIZAKI, NAOYUKI INOUE, MASAYUKI OSHIMA, AKIRA HA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
935-942
Published: 1975
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A new antibiotic, DB-2073, was isolated in crystalline form from the fermented broth of
Pseudomonas sp. B-9004. The compound is a alkylresorcinol antibiotic. The antibiotic melts at 86-88°C. The molecular weight of 236 was determined by mass spectroscopy and the molecular formula was calculated as C
15H
24O2. The antibiotic has antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi.
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II. THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF DB-2073
TAKEJI KITAHARA, NOBUO KANDA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
943-946
Published: 1975
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DB-2073 (
I), an antibiotic produced by
Pseudomonas sp. B-9004, was obtained as a pure crystals state having a formula of C
15H
24O
2 (MW 236). The characterization indicated that
I was a resorcinol antibiotic and it was elucidated as 2-
n-nexyl-5-
n-propylresorcinol.
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HAMAO UMEZAWA, HIROYASU TOBE, NORIO SHIBAMOTO, FUKUKO NAKAMURA, KENJI ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
947-952
Published: 1975
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By screening of culture filtrates of fungi and streptomyces for activity to inhibit dopa decarboxylase the following isoflavone compounds were obtained: psi-tectorigenin (
I), genistein (
II), orobol (
IV), 8-hydroxygenistein (
V) and a new compound (
III).
III was elucidated to be 3', 4', 5, 7-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxy isoflavone. Among these isoflavones.
IV and
III showed the strongest activity in inhibiting dopa decarboxylase. All these isoflavones also inhibited histidine decarboxylase and catechol-O-methyltransferase. Activities of these compounds to inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase were examined. Orobol which showed no or only slight inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase exhibited a significant hypotensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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7-EPI-9-DEOXY-4 (R)-DIHYDROSPECTINOMYCIN
WILLIAM ROSENBROOK Jr., RONALD E. CARNEY
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
953-959
Published: 1975
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7-
Epi-9-deoxy-4(R)-dihydrospectinomycin (
10) has been prepared and its structure firmly established by complete analysis of its pmr spectrum. This analog of spectinomycin is devoid of antibiotic activity.
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7-EPI-SPECTINOMYCIN
WILLIAM ROSENBROOK Jr., RONALD E. CARNEY, RICHARD S. EGAN, RUTH S. STA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
960-964
Published: 1975
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7-
Epi-spectinomycin (9) and 7-
epi-4(R)-dihydrospectinomycin (10) have been prepared and their structures firmly established by proton magnetic resonance. Both of these spectinomycin analogs are devoid of antibiotic activity.
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FORMATION OF FORMYCIN FROM FORMYCIN B
KOZO OCHI, SHIGETAKA YASHIMA, YOSHITOMO EGUCHI
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
965-973
Published: 1975
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1. In replacement culture with a formycin-producing strain.
Streptomyces sp. MA 406-A-1, exogenously added formycin B was quantitatively converted to formycin and the conversion was inhibited by adding the chromophore moiety of formycin. 2. The
in vitro experiments revealed that the novel enzyme(s) catalyzing the formation of fumarate and formycin from aspartate and formycin B, but not from formycin B monophosphate, was present in this organism. The action of the partially purified enzyme(s) was also inhibited by the chromophore moiety of formycin, whereas the moiety showed no inhibitory effect on the actions of adenylosuccinate synthetase and adenylosuccinate lyase. 3. Adenine auxotrophs lacking either adenylosuccinate synthetase or adenylosuccinate lyase were derived from strain MA406-A-1 and these auxotrophs were found to readily convert formycin B to formycin in replacement culture. From these results, it was estimated that, under the conditions of replacement culture, formycin B would be converted to formycin
in vivo by the action of novel enzyme(s) rather than by the action of enzyme system including adenylosuccinate synthetase and adenylosuccinate lyase.
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TETSUJI SAEKI, MAKOTO HORI, HAMAO UMEZAWA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
974-981
Published: 1975
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Kinetic analysis demonstrated that the irreversible inhibition of nucleoside diphosphate kinase of
Escherichia coli by desdanine proceeds
via a reversible Enzyme-Inhibitor complex. It is known that pyruvate kinase of
E. coli becomes inactive upon prolonged dialysis in the absence of a reducing reagent, such as dithiothreitol and that the inactive enzyme is reactivated if dithiothreitol is added. Desdanine inhibits this reactivation process. The effect is discussed in relation to the inhibition of growth of
E. coli by desdanine under anaerobic conditions.
Pyruvate kinase of
E. coli changes not only in intracellular quantity but in its kinetic characteristics depending on growth conditions, aerobic or anaerobic. The enzyme shows a broad specificity for nucleside diphosphates, especially in the presence of AMP, and thus resembles closely nucleoside diphosphate kinase. The
in vivo role of pyruvate kinase in supplying nucleoside triphosphates under anaerobic conditions is discussed.
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JEFFREY W. WILLIAMS, JEFFREY S. LANGER, DEXTER B. NORTHROP
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
982-987
Published: 1975
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A rapid and accurate spectrophotometric assay has been developed for the determination of blood serum levels of gentamicin and related antibiotics. The assay uses a purified enzyme from
Escherichia coli JR88/C600 that acetylates gentamicin with the production of coenzyme A, linked to a chemical reaction with a sulfhydryl reagent to produce stoichiometric amounts of a sensitive chromophore, monitored in the visible spectrum. The system provides advantages of speed, cost, convenience, accuracy, and enzyme stability to the desirable characteristics encountered with previous enzymatic methods.
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I. ANTIFUNGAL SPECTRUM AND PHYTOTOXICITY
JYOTIRMOY NANDI, BARUN KUMAR DE, S. K. BOSE
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
988-992
Published: 1975
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Two antifungal antibiotics, mycobacillin and versicolin, were studied as agricultural fungicides in the control of fungal infection of rice and jute. Mycobacillin is especially active against
Piricularia oryzae at a concentration of 10μg/ml, and versicolin against
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at a concentration of 2.5μg/ml. Mycobacillin has no adverse effect on germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of rice and jute plants at a concentration of 500 ppm, even for prolonged exposure (24 or 48 hours); in fact, it is stimulatory. On the other hand, versicolin has showed detectable phytotoxicity at 500 ppm for prolonged exposure.
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O.P. LAL, T.P.S. TEOTIA
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
993-996
Published: 1975
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The effect of nine surfactants on the activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) was investigated against
Lipaphis erysimi KALT feeding on cabbage plants. All the surfactants, except Emulgator EL and Emulgator IP, at 0.1% increased the efficacy of OTC at 0.25% and a maximum reduction of 83.93% in fertility was observed for the combination OTC+Arkopal N-110. The nymphal development was delayed by various treatments. The treated adults were lighter in weight and smaller in size as compared to the control insects. No phytotoxicity was observed in any case.
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D. PERLMAN
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
997-999
Published: 1975
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LELAND L. SMITH
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1000-1003
Published: 1975
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STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTICS FROM THE GENUS BACILLUS. VI
YUZO NAKAGAWA, TSUYAKO NAKAZAWA, JUN'ICHI SHOJ
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1004-1005
Published: 1975
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TAKAAKI AOYAGI, TADAHIKO HAZATO, MICHIHIKO KUMAGAI, MASA HAMADA, TOMIO ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1006-1008
Published: 1975
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HIROSHI TONE, NORIO SHIBAMOTO, YOSHIYUKI MATSUSHITA, TAIJI INUI, AKIRA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1009-1011
Published: 1975
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HIROSHI TONE, YOSHIYUKI MATSUSHITA, YOSHIAKI YAGI, AKIRA TAKAMATSU, TA ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1012-1015
Published: 1975
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YOSHIYUKI MATSUSHITA, HIROSHI TONE, SENJI HORI, YOSHIAKI YAGI, AKIRA T ...
1975 Volume 28 Issue 12 Pages
1016-1018
Published: 1975
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