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NIELS RASTRUP ANDERSEN, HENNING OTTO BOJSEN LORCK, POUL R. RASMUSSEN
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
753-760
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: April 12, 2006
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A number of strains of
Oidiodendron truncatum was shown to produce a new antibiotic, PR-1350, which was isolated in the form of an amorphous powder either directly or
via a crystalline monomethanolate, PR-1381, which in solution is reconverted to the parent compound. The antibiotic inhibits a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
in vitro, and has been shown to be active against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice. Biosynthetic considerations based on the results of [1-
13C]acetate incorporation indicate that the antibiotic is a diterpene of the clerodane type.
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MAKI NISHIO, ATSUKO KURODA, MASAHIKO SUZUKI, KURUMI ISHIMARU, SHOSHIRO ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
761-769
Published: 1983
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A novel enzyme inhibitor against RNA-directed DNA polymerase of avian myeloblastosis virus was produced by an isolate of a new streptomycete for which the name
Streptomyces retrostaticus is proposed. This enzyme inhibitor, which was named retrostatin, did not inhibit DNA-directed DNA polymerase of
Escherichia coli and DNA-directed RNA polymerase of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Retrostatin was produced by the microorganism together with streptonigrin. These two substances were extracted from the culture broth with ethyl acetate at acidic pH. Retrostatin is an acidic pH indicator and the free acid was recovered as a red powder. Retrostatin had weak antibiotic activities against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts.
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I. FERMENTATION, ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
MANUEL VEIGA, JAIME FABREGAS
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
770-775
Published: 1983
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A new polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic, named tetrafungin, was isolated from the cultured mycelium of a Streptomyces strain. Fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties of the antibiotic are described. Its UV absorption spectrum and its physico-chemical characteristics place this antibiotic in the group 2.2.2.3 of the BERDY classification.
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II. TAXONOMY OF THE PRODUCING ORGANISM AND COMPARISON WITH NYSTATIN BY MEANS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
MANUEL VEIGA, MARIA P. TRABA, JAIME FABREGAS
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
776-783
Published: 1983
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Tetrafungin, a new polyene macrolide antibiotic, is produced by a Streptomyces strain identified as a new subspecies of
Streptomyces albulus and named
Streptomyces albulus subsp.
tetrafungini. Tetrafungin and nystatin have been investigated and compared by HPLC. It has been demonstrated that tetrafungin and nystatin differ qualitatively in, at least, one component, and quantitatively in their relative amounts of common components.
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J. L. VAN DER BAAN, J. W. F. K. BARNICK, F. BICKELHAUPT
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
784-792
Published: 1983
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The structure of fermentation product A 19009 was reinvestigated by
13C and
1H NMR spectroscopy and established by independent synthesis to be
N2-L-alanyl-N3-fumaramoyl-L-2, 3-diaminopropanoic acid (
2),
i. e. a structure isomeric with the originally proposed structure 1. In contrast to
1 which also was synthesized,
2 has a very low activity against
Trichomonas vaginalis.
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ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE OF EDEINE F
H. WOJCIECHOWSKA, W. ZGODA, E. BOROWSKI, K. DZIEGIELEWSKI, S. ULIKOWSK ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
793-798
Published: 1983
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The peptide antibiotic edeine F produced by
Bacillus brevis Vm
4, one of the components of edeine antibiotics complex, was isolated from a fermentation broth and was also obtained by amidination of edeine D. Edeine F is composed of amino acids: (
S)-β-phenyl-β-alanine, (
S)-isoserine, (
S)-2, 3-diaminopropionic acid, (2
R, 6
S)-diamino-(7
R)-hydroxyazelaic acid, glycine and a polyamine guanidylspermidine. Enzymatic degradation of antibiotic with carboxypeptidase B, dinitrophenylation of edeine and of its enzymatic degradation products and synthesis of edeine F from edeine D of known structure permitted to postulate the chemical structure for edeine F.
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ANTIBIOTIC THIOSTREPTON: A 1H NMR STUDY OTTO
OTTO D. HENSENS, GEORG ALBERS-SCHÖNBERG, BRYAN F. ANDERSON
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
799-813
Published: 1983
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The majority of the 84 protons in the
1H NMR spectrum of thiostrepton at 300 MHz were unambiguously assigned on the basis of double resonance experiments under different conditions of solvent, temperature and
2-exchange by comparison with the known crystal structure determined by ANDERSON
et al.
1) Evidence is presented to suggest that the side chain, the nature of which remained undefined on X-ray analysis, is comprised of two dehydroalanine residues which supports the conclusions reached by TORT
et al.
2) on the basis of
13C NMR spectroscopy. These two residues are missing in thiostrepton A
2, a minor artifact. All available
1H NMR evidence suggests thiostrepton to have a similar conformation in deuterochloroform solution to that found in the crystal form.
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OTTO D. HENSENS, GEORG ALBERS-SCHÖNBERG
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
814-831
Published: 1983
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On the basis of
1H and
13C NMR evidence, the structures of two series of the Highly modified sulfur-containing peptide antibiotic thiopeptin were elucidated.
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OTTO D. HENSENS, GEORG ALBERS-SCHÖNBERG
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
832-845
Published: 1983
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A detailed
13C NMR study of thiostrepton and two series of thiopeptin components is consistent with their proposed structures and allows many unequivocal assignments to be made.
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EFFECT ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE OXIME O-SUBSTITUENTS WITH VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN THE 7β-[(Z)-2-(2-AMINO- 4-THIAZOLYL)-2-OXYIMINOACETAMIDO]CEPHALOSPORINS
HISASHI TAKASUGI, HIROMU KOCHI, TAKASHI MASUGI, HIROSHI NAKANO, TAKAO ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
846-854
Published: 1983
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The synthesis and
in vitro activity of the 7-[
O-substituted oxyiminoacetamido]cephalosporins (
I) without substitution at 3-position of a cephem nucleus are described. Effect of changing the oxime
O-substituents (R
1) with various functional groups in the 7-acyl residue on antibacterial activity was examined. Against Gram-positive bacteria, cephems with hydrophilic functions in the R
1 moiety such as hydroxyethyl, aminoethyl and carboxymethyl groups showed decrease of the activity, while cephems with lipophilic functions such as cyanomethyl, methylthiomethyl and halogenoethyl groups exhibited increase of the activity. However, influence of the substituents (R
1) on activity against Gram-negative bacteria was observed to be relatively independent of the nature of their functional groups.
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HIDEAKI NATSUGARI, YOSHIHIRO MATSUSHITA, NORIKAZU TAMURA, KOUICHI YOSH ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
855-875
Published: 1983
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By applying the synthetic process reported in our previous paper, we synthesized new carbapenems having various (substituted) thio and alkoxy groups at the C(3) position and 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl and analogous groups at the C(6) position with
cis- and
trans-stereochemistry; the
in vitro antibacterial and β-lactamase inhibitory activities of these new carbapenems were examined. Compared to C-19393 H
2, some of these compounds (
e.g.,
11A-a-3-5) showed improved
in vitro antibacterial activity especially against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa; they showed a strong β-lactamase inhibitory activity as well. Two noteworthy effects of substituent variation at the C(6) position on the activities were observed: 1) the
trans-configuration caused a definite loss; and 2) introduction of 1-hydroxycyclobutyl and 1-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl groups in place of the 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl group caused a diminution. The carbapenem (
13A-a-2)with an alkoxy group at the C(3) position had a marked decrease in activity compared to the corresponding thio-substituted carbapenem (
11A-a-12).
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AN EASY ASSAY USING A PLATE TECHNIQUE BASED ON A NOVEL CHROMOGENIC β-LACTAMASE SUBSTRATE
PETER SCHINDLER, GERHARD HUBER, WOLFGANG KONIG
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
876-879
Published: 1983
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A general screening procedure is described which allows the rapid determination of the susceptibility of naturally occurring carbapenem antibiotics to renal dehydropeptidase-I at the broth level. The procedure is based on the incubation of carbapenem-containing solutions with dehydropeptidase-I and the subsequent assay of residual β-lactamase-inhibiting/inactivating activity of carbapenems by means of a plate technique using the chromogenic β-lactamase substrate PADAC.
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YOSHIYUKI MATSUSHITA, HIROSHI IGUCHI, TOSHIO KIYOSAKI, HIROSHI TONE, T ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
880-886
Published: 1983
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A method for measuring 4'-
O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) and its metabolites in biological samples are described. By reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography using fluorescence detection, THP and its metabolites were all separated on a single chromatogram within 18 minutes. A linear calibration curve was obtained up to 2, 000 ng/ml of THP in plasma. The recovery of THP in the analysis was more than 95% above 5 ng/ml and 87.1% even at 1.25 ng/ml. Thus the lower limit was 1.25 ng/ml in biological samples. Blood levels and urinary excretion in mice and dogs were satisfactory measured by this analytical method.
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NOBUFUSA SERIZAWA, SETSU SERIZAWA, KEIKO NAKAGAWA, KOUHEI FURUYA, TAKA ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
887-891
Published: 1983
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Various microorganisms were tested for capability to hydroxylate of ML-236B at the 3β-position. As the result, it was found that this ability was limited to a small group of microorganisms, mainly Zygomycetes in fungi, and Nocardia in actinomycetes.
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JUNJI MAGAE, KAZUO NAGAI, KUNIO ANDO, MAKARI YAMASAKI, GAKUZO TAMURA
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
892-899
Published: 1983
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Ascofuranone (AF) has antitumor protective property on experimental tumors. We examined the action of AF on lymphoma L5178Y to explore the mechanism of the antitumor activity. AF completely prevented the growth of L5178Y at 25 μg/ml cytostatically. The compound exhibited general inhibitory effects on the macromolecular syntheses. Among them, protein synthesis was most severely inhibited by AF and to the same extent as by cycloheximide. AF, however, did not affect protein synthesis by cell-free system even at 2 mg/ml. Although AF inhibited the incorporation of [
14C]acetate into total acid precipitable products only slightly, the synthetic pattern of simple lipids from [
14C]acetate was significantly changed. Especially, the incorporation of [
14C]acetate into squalene was almost completely blocked at 25 μg/ml. The incorporation of [
14C]acetate into triglyceride was inhibited and that into cholesterol was enhanced. Concerning the diglycerides, the incorporation of [
14C]acetate was enhanced and that of [
3H]glycerol was inhibited. The incorporation of [
3H]glycerol and [
3H]mevalonate into the intact cell was significantly inhibited as compared with [
14C]acetate. As those effects were not observed with cycloheximide, they were suggested to be characteristic of AF. AF inhibited hypotonic hemolysis. In contrast, hemolysis by deoxycholate was stimulated. Possible mechanism of the antitumor activity of AF is discussed.
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AKIRA TANAKA, JUNJI MORITA, TOHRU KOMANO
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
900-906
Published: 1983
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Aclacinomycin A inhibited the
in vitro conversion of phage φX174 single-stranded DNA to the replicative form DNA. DNA synthesis was inhibited by 50% in the presence of 15μM aclacinomycin A. The inhibition was competitive with respect to template DNA (K
i=13 μM) and was reversed by addition of
Escherichia coli cell extracts. Short complementary strands approximately one-third of unit length molecule were synthesized in the presence of 15 μM aclacinomycin A. The data suggest that aclacinomycin A may inhibit the process of φX174 DNA chain elongation by a direct interaction with the
E. coli host enzymes.
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NAFSIKA H. GEORGOPAPADAKOU, SANDRA A. SMITH, RICHARD B. SYKES
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
907-910
Published: 1983
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The penicillin binding proteins (PBSs) of
Bacteroides fragilis, a clinically important Gram-negative rod, were studied. Four PBPs were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/ fluorography, PBP 4 (molecular weight, 35, 000) being a minor PBP. The PBP pattern was thus different from that of the Enterobacteria and Pseudomonads. Antibacterial activity of β-lactam antibiotics was associated with binding to PBP 1 (molecular weight, 100, 000), 2 (molecular weight, 86, 000) and 3 (molecular weight, 68, 000). Binding to PBP 2 was associated with filamentation while binding to PBP 1 resulted in cell lysis.
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HARUMITSU IMAI, KEN-ICHI SUZUKI, SHIGERU MIYAZAKI, KOICHI TANAKA, SHUN ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
911-912
Published: 1983
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β-OXOTRYPTAMINE DERIVATIVES ISOLATED FROM STREPTOMYCES RAMULOSUS
YONGLE CHEN, AXEL ZEECK, ZENGXIANG CHEN, HANS ZÃHNER
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
913-915
Published: 1983
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L. A. DOLAK, T. M. CASTLE
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
916-917
Published: 1983
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NOBUFUSA SERIZAWA, KEIKO NAKAGAWA, YOSHIO TSUJITA, AKIRA TERAHARA, HAR ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
918-920
Published: 1983
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NORIAKI SADAKANE, YOSHITAKE TANAKA, SATOSHI OMURA
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
921-922
Published: 1983
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JEAN-CLAUDE CORTAY, ALAIN J. COZZONE
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
923-926
Published: 1983
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SATOSHI OMURA, NORIAKI SADAKANE, YOSHITAKE TANAKA, HAJIME MATSUBARA
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
927-930
Published: 1983
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NORIAKI SADAKANE, YOSHITAKE TANAKA, SATOSHI OMURA
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
931-933
Published: 1983
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III. SPICAMYCIN, A NEW INDUCER OF DIFFERENTIATION OF HL-60 HUMAN PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA CELLS
YOICHI HAYAKAWA, MASAYA NAKAGAWA, HIROYUKI KAWAI, KOZO TANABE, HIROSHI ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
934-937
Published: 1983
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GIOVANNI FRANCESCHI, MAURIZIO FOGLIO, MARCO ALPEGIANI, CARLO BATTISTIN ...
1983 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
938-941
Published: 1983
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