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TOSHIO OTANI, ICHIRO YAMAWAKI, HIROSHI MATSUMOTO, YOSHINORI MLNAMI, YU ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
275-281
Published: March 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The new antibiotics 4181-A and B were isolated from the fermentation broth of
Streptomyces griseus, a soil isolate. Their molecular formulae were determined as C
29H
21NO
9 and C
28H
19NO
9, respectively. The UV, IR and NMR spectra suggest that they possess a quinone moiety in their structures. They were found to have antibacterial, antifungal and antitumor activity.
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FRANçOISE BESSON, GEORGES MICHEL
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
282-288
Published: March 25, 1988
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Bacillomycins F
b and F
c, new antifungal antibiotics, were isolated from a strain of
Bacillus subtilis producing bacillomycin F. Because of the presence of β-amino acids, these compounds belong to the iturin group. The acid hydrolysates contained α-amino acids Asp
3, Glu
1, Pro
1, Thr
1, Tyr
1 and a mixture of
iso-C
15,
anteiso-C
15)
iso-C
16,
iso-C
17 and
anteiso-C
17 β-amino acids. The ratios of the different β-amino acids depend on the nature of the culture medium.
Bacillomycins F
b and F
c differ from bacillomycin F by the presence of free carboxyl groups.
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LEONHARD HAGMANN, WALTER KELLER-SCHIERLEIN, BARBARA WAHL, HANS ZÄ ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
289-295
Published: March 25, 1988
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From a new strain of Streptomyces,
Streptomyces parvulus, strain Tü 2480 three glucosides of the alkaloid pyridindolol were isolated. The structure elucidation is based on spectroscopic investigations and degradation to pyridindolol and α, D-methyl glucoside.
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TOSHIHIRO SHIBATA, OSAMU NAKAYAMA, YASUHISA TSURUMI, MASAKUNI OKUHARA, ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
296-301
Published: March 25, 1988
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FR-900483 is a new immunoactive substance produced by a fungus,
Nectria lucida F-4490.
Concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, which had been suppressed by addition of immunosuppressive factor, was restored to a normal level by the addition of FR900483. Furthermore, FR-900483 restored the capacity of immunosuppressed mice to produce antibody against sheep red blood cells.
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BEDA Joos, RUEDI LÜTHY
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
302-307
Published: March 25, 1988
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Reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate individual components of the complex glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin in μ gquantities with gradient elution. Each of eight different fractions was then subjected to a specific and highly sensitive HPLC method, which has been developed for the determination of teicoplanin concentrations in biological specimens. This analytical procedure includes precolumn derivatization with fluorescamine and isocratic elution. The fluorescent teicoplanin derivatives were identified by comparing their retention times in both HPLC procedures. Derivatization resulted in increased hydrophobicity and improved chromatographic separation, but the order of elution of the different compounds was not changed. The antimicrobial activity of the individual underivatized fractions correlated with their respective contents of total teicoplanin A2, whereas the pseudo-aglycone A3 appeared less active. Similar techniques have the potential to be applied to other complex glycopeptide antibiotics.
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B. CAVALLERI, A. ARNONE, E. DI MODUGNO, G. NASINI, B. P. GOLDSTEIN
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
308-315
Published: March 25, 1988
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Actinoplanes deccanensis ATCC 21983, the producer of antibiotics lipiarmycin A3 and A4, furnished also a related antibiotic designated lipiarmycin B, active against Gram-positive bacteria, including anaerobes, and against
Neisseria. The structures of the two major components, B3 and B4, were elucidated from their physico-chemical properties,
1H and
13C NMR spectra and fast atom bombardment mass spectra data in comparison with lipiarmycins A3 and A4.
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I. 7β-cis-CHLOROVINYLTHIOACETAMINO-7α-METHOXY-1-OXACEPHEMS
YASUHIRO NISHITANI, TSUTOMU AOKI, TADASHI YOSHIDA, WATARU NAGATA
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
316-331
Published: March 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The synthesis and
in vitro activity of 7β-(substituted vinylthioacetamido)-1-oxacephem antibiotics are described. The compounds having a cis-chlorovinylthioacetamido group at C-7 showed high activity against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. The most interesting compound of the series was
511 because of its high activity and high plasma level in mice.
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II. 7β-cis-FLUOROVINYLTHIOACETAMINO-7α-METHOXY-1-OXACEPHEMS
YASUHIRO NISHITANI, TSUTOMU AOKI, TOSHIRO KONOIKE, HIROMU TAKAHASHI, S ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
332-342
Published: March 25, 1988
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The synthesis and
in vitro activity of 1-oxacephem derivatives having a substituted or a non-substituted cis-fluorovinylthioacetamido side chain at C-7 are described. Of these new 1-oxacephem antibiotics, 2355-S (
42a) shows good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and very favorable pharmacokinetic properties.
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PAUL F. WILEY, DAVID W. ELROD, DONALD E. HARPER
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
343-351
Published: March 25, 1988
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Fifteen 3-substituted analogues of steffimycin B (
1) have been synthesized and their activity against P388 murine leukemia has been determined. Three of these were substantially more active than the parent compound.
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HUGO PEETERS, RAINER ZOCHER, HORST KLEINKAUF
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
352-359
Published: March 25, 1988
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Beauvericin synthetase, a multifunctional enzyme catalyzing depsipeptide formation in
Beauveria bassiana was purified to near homogeneity. The enzyme consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of about 250 kdaltons. The mechanism of beauvericin formation is very similar to that of the cyclohexadepsipeptide enniatin.
The constituents of the beauvericin molecule, L-phenylalanine and D-α-hydroxyisovaleric acid are activated as thioesters
via the corresponding adenylates.
N-Methylation takes place at the thioester bound stage of the phenylalanine residues. Omission of the methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine results in the formation of demethylbeauvericin.
Studies on substrate specificity revealed that phenylalanine could be replaced by a number of other aromatic or aliphatic amino acids like β-phenylserine,
ortho-,
meta-,
pam-ftuorophenylalanine, isoleucine, norleucine and leucine. Valine, the constituent amino acid of enniatin B was not accepted by the enzyme.
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TAKASHI KAWAGUCHI, MASAYUKI AZUMA, SUEHARU HORINOUCHI, TERUHIKO BEPPU
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
360-365
Published: March 25, 1988
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B-Factor, 3'-(1-butylphosphoryl)adenosine, which was isolated from yeast extract, is an inducer of rifamycin production in a rifamycin non-producing
Nocardia mutant. Feeding of B-factor to the mutant culture demonstrated that the induction process was triggered during early stationary phase. Rifamycin production in the mutant was also induced by an exogenous supply of 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid, an intermediate of the antibiotic pathway, suggesting that a step upstream from the intermediate is regulated by B-factor. B-Factor analogues,
i.e., alkylesters of 3'-AMP with alkyl side chains of C(2)-C(12) and
n-butyl esters of 3'-GMP and 2'-AMP all showed the B-factor activity. Among these
n-octyl ester of 3'-AMP showed the lowest effective concentration of approximately 3× 10
-10 M. An intrinsic substance of the
Nocardia sp. with potent B-factor activity and a UV absorption maximum at 260 nm was isolated from the cells of the parental strain.
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JULIAN DAVIES, MICHAEL CANNONT, MORRIS B. MAUER
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
366-372
Published: March 25, 1988
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Myomycin is an unusual pseudodisaccharide antibiotic with a β-lysyl oligopeptide ester side chain that has structural similarities with kasugamycin, streptomycin and streptothricin. We show that the mode of action of myomycin
in vivo and
in vitro closely resembles that of streptomycin; in addition, spontaneous myomycin-resistant mutants of
Escherichia coli are essentially indistinguishable from streptomycin-resistant mutants at the rRNA and r-protein level. Myomycin is not a substrate for the known streptomycin-modifying enzymes and could be useful in the characterization of natural streptomycin-resistant isolates and in counter-selecting against the presence of streptomycin-modifying enzymes. The relationship between structure and inhibition of protein synthesis has been examined for a series of derivatives of myomycin.
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IRENE W. ALTHAUS, LESTER DOLAK, FRITZ REUSSER
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
373-376
Published: March 25, 1988
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Chlorobiocic acid and 3-(carbobenzoxyamino)-4, 7-dmydroxy-8-methylcoumarin were identified as two new inhibitors of
Micrococcus luteus DNA gyrase. Both compounds possess weak antibacterial activity against whole
M. luteus cells which indicates that they probably lack efficient transport functions to penetrate the cell envelope.
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HLDENORI MOCHIZUKI, YOSHIHIRO OLKAWA, HLDEHIKO YAMADA, SATOSHI KUSAKAB ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
377-391
Published: March 25, 1988
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In vitro and
in vivo antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of M14659 were investigated.
In vitro activity of M14659 was superior to that of ceftazidime against
Staphylococcus aureus. Against Gram-negative bacteria except
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, its activity was almost equal to that of ceftazidime. M14659 was more active against
P. aeruginosa including multi-drug resistant strains than cefsulodin, cefoperazone or ceftazidime. Affinities of M14659 for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of
Escherichia coli and
P. aeruginosa were 2 to 14 times higher for PBP-1A and PBP-1B than found for ceftazidime, and almost the same for PBP-3.
In vivo activity of M14659 against
S. aureus was superior to that of cefamandole, cefotaxime or ceftazidime. Against Gram-negative bacteria including
P. aeruginosa, M14659 was 2 to 220 times more active than cefotaxime or ceftazidime. Plasma half-life of M14659 in mice was about 3 times longer than that of ceftazidime. M14659 administered intravenously to mice was mainly excreted in urine without metabolism, and its recovery rate was almost equal to that of ceftazidime.
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TAKASHI FUJITA, SHIGEHIRO TAKASE, TAKANAO OTSUKA, HIROSHI TERANO, MASA ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
392-394
Published: March 25, 1988
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SHOGO OZAWA, HIDEO SUZUKI, TOSHIO NISHIMURA, NOBUO TANAKA
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
395-397
Published: March 25, 1988
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TETSURO YAMAMOTO, KATSUHISA UCHIDA, TAMIO HIRATANI, TAKAYUKI MIYAZAKI, ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
398-403
Published: March 25, 1988
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TAKESHI UCHIDA, MASAYA IMOTO, YOSHIKAZU TAKAHASHI, ATSUO ODAGAWA, TSUT ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
404-408
Published: March 25, 1988
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HIROFUMI NAKANO, MITSUNOBU HARA, YOSHINORI YAMASHITA, KATSUHIKO ANDO, ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
409-410
Published: March 25, 1988
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KEN-ICHI KIMURA, SHOJI NAKAYAMA, NOBUO MIYATA, YASUYOSHI TAKESHITA, GO ...
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
411-414
Published: March 25, 1988
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J. W. WESTLEY
1988 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages
415
Published: March 25, 1988
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